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Midnight in Paris

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For the 1962 album by Duke Ellington, seeMidnight in Paris (album).

Midnight in Paris
Theatrical release poster
Directed byWoody Allen
Written byWoody Allen
Produced by
Starring
CinematographyDarius Khondji
Edited byAlisa Lepselter
Production
companies
Distributed bySony Pictures Classics(United States)
Alta Films (Spain)[1]
Release dates
  • May 11, 2011(2011-05-11)(Cannes)
  • May 13, 2011(2011-05-13)(Spain)
  • May 20, 2011(2011-05-20)(United States)
Running time
94 minutes[2]
Countries
  • United States
  • Spain
LanguageEnglish
Budget$17 million[1]
Box office$151.7 million[1]

Midnight in Parisis a 2011fantasycomedyfilm written and directed byWoody Allen.Set in Paris, the film follows Gil Pender (Owen Wilson), a screenwriter, who is forced to confront the shortcomings of his relationship with his materialistic fiancée (Rachel McAdams) and their divergent goals, which become increasingly exaggerated as he travels back in time each night at midnight.[3]

Produced by the Spanish groupMediaproand Allen's US-based Gravier Productions, the film stars Wilson, McAdams,Kathy Bates,Adrien Brody,Carla Bruni,Tom Hiddleston,Marion Cotillard,andMichael Sheen.It premiered at the2011 Cannes Film Festivaland was released in the United States on May 20, 2011.[3][4]The film opened to critical acclaim. In 2012, it won theAcademy AwardforBest Original Screenplayand theGolden Globe AwardforBest Screenplay.It was nominated for three other Academy Awards:Best Picture,Best DirectorandBest Art Direction.[5]

Plot[edit]

In 2010, disillusioned screenwriter Gil Pender and his fiancée Inez vacation in Paris with Inez's wealthy parents. Gil, struggling to finish his debut novel about a man who works in a nostalgia shop, finds himself drawn to the artistic history of Paris, especially theLost Generationof the 1920s, and has ambitions to move there, which Inez dismisses. By chance, they meet Inez's friend Paul and his wife Carol. Paul speaks with great authority but questionable accuracy on French history, annoying Gil but impressing Inez.

Intoxicated after a night of wine tasting, Gil decides to walk back to their hotel, while Inez goes with Paul and Carol by taxi. At midnight, a 1920scarpulls up beside Gil and delivers him to a party forJean Cocteau,attended by other people of the 1920s Paris art scene.Zelda Fitzgerald,bored, encourages her husbandScottand Gil to leave with her. They head to a cafe where they run intoErnest HemingwayandJuan Belmonte.After Zelda and Scott leave, Gil and Hemingway discuss writing, and Hemingway offers to show Gil's novel toGertrude Stein.As Gil leaves to fetch his manuscript, he returns to 2010; the cafe is now a laundromat.

The next night, Gil tries to repeat the experience with Inez, but she leaves before midnight. Returning to the 1920s, Gil accompanies Hemingway to visit Gertrude Stein, who critiquesPablo Picasso's new painting of his lover Adriana. Gil becomes drawn to Adriana, a costume designer who also had affairs withAmedeo ModiglianiandGeorges Braque.Adriana reads the first line of Gil's novel, praises it, and admits she has always had a longing for the past.

Gil continues to time travel the following nights. Inez grows jaded with Paris and Gil's constant disappearing, while her father grows suspicious and hires aprivate detectiveto follow him. Adriana leaves Picasso and continues to bond with Gil, who is conflicted by his attraction to her. Gil explains his situation toSalvador Dalí,Man Ray,andLuis Buñuel;assurrealists,they do not question his claim of coming from the future. Gil later suggests the plot of "The Exterminating Angel"to Buñuel.

While Inez and her parents travel toMont Saint Michel,Gil meets Gabrielle, an antique dealer and fellow admirer of theLost Generation.He later finds Adriana's diary at a book stall, which reveals that she was in love with Gil and dreamed of being gifted earrings before making love to him. To seduce Adriana, Gil tries to steal a pair of Inez's earrings but is thwarted by her early return to the hotel room.

Gil buys new earrings and returns to the past. After he gives Adriana the earrings, a horse-drawn carriage arrives, transporting them to theBelle Époque,an era Adriana considers Paris'sGolden Age.They go to theMoulin Rougewhere they meetHenri de Toulouse-Lautrec,Paul Gauguin,andEdgar Degas,who all agree that Paris' best era was theRenaissance.Adriana is offered a job designing ballet costumes; thrilled, she proposes to Gil that they stay, but he, observing the unhappiness of Adriana and the other artists, realizes that chasing nostalgia is fruitless because the present is always "a little unsatisfying." Adriana decides to stay, and they part ways.

Gil rewrites the first two chapters of his novel and retrieves his draft from Stein, who praises his rewrite but says that on reading the new chapters, Hemingway did not believe that the protagonist does not realize that his fiancée, based on Inez, is having an affair with the character based on Paul. Gil returns to 2010 and confronts Inez, who admits to having slept with Paul but disregards it as a meaningless fling. Gil breaks up with her and decides to move to Paris. The detective following him takes a "wrong turn" and ends up being chased by the palace guards ofLouis XVIjust beforea revolutionbreaks out. While walking by theSeineat midnight, Gil encounters Gabrielle. As it begins to rain, he offers to walk her home and learns that they share a love for Paris in the rain.

Cast[edit]

Main cast

Supporting cast

Notes on the cast[edit]

Owen is a natural actor. He doesn't sound like he's acting, he sounds like a human being speaking in a situation, and that's very appealing to me. He's got a wonderful funny bone, a wonderful comic instinct that's quite unlike my own, but wonderful of its kind. He's a blond Texan kind of Everyman's hero, the kind of hero of the regiment in the old war pictures, with a great flair for being amusing. It's a rare combination and I thought he'd be great.

—Woody Allen, in production notes about the film[6]

This is the second time McAdams and Wilson co-starred as a couple; they did so before in 2005'sWedding Crashers.In comparing the two roles, McAdams describes the one inMidnight in Parisas being far more antagonistic than the role inWedding Crashers.[7]Allen had high praise for her performance and that of co-star Marion Cotillard.[8]Cotillard was cast as Wilson's other love interest, the charismatic Adriana.

Carla Bruni,singer-songwriter and wife of former French presidentNicolas Sarkozy,was recruited by Allen for a role as a museum guide.[9]There were false reports that Allen re-filmed Bruni's scenes withLéa Seydoux,but Seydoux rebuffed these rumors revealing she had an entirely separate role in the film.[10]Allen also shot down reports that a scene with Bruni required over 30 takes: "I am appalled. I read these things and I could not believe my eyes... These are not exaggerations, but inventions from scratch. There is absolutely no truth." He continued to describe Bruni as "very professional" and insisted he was pleased with her scenes, stating that "every frame will appear in the film."[11][12]

Production[edit]

Writing[edit]

Allen employed a reverse approach in writing the screenplay for this film, by building thefilm's plotaround a conceived movie title, 'Midnight in Paris'.[13]The time-travel portions of Allen's storyline are evocative of the Paris of the 1920s described inErnest Hemingway's 1964 posthumously published memoirA Moveable Feast,with Allen's characters interacting with the likes of Hemingway,Gertrude Stein,andF. ScottandZelda Fitzgerald,and using the phrase "a moveable feast" in two instances, with a copy of the book appearing in one scene. Allen originally wrote the character Gil as an East Coast intellectual, but he rethought it when he and casting director Juliet Taylor began considering Owen Wilson for the role.[6]"I thought Owen would be charming and funny but my fear was that he was not so Eastern at all in his persona," says Allen, who realised that making Gil a Californian would actually make the character richer, so he rewrote the part and submitted it to Wilson, who readily agreed to do it. Allen describes him as "a natural actor".[6]The set-up has certain plot points in common with the 1990s British sitcomGoodnight Sweetheart.

Filming[edit]

Principal photographybegan in Paris in July 2010.[14]Allen states that the fundamental aesthetic for the camera work was to give the film a warm ambience. He describes that he likes it (thecinematography), "intensely red, intensely warm, because if you go to a restaurant and you're there with your wife or your girlfriend, and it's got red-flecked wallpaper and turn-of-the-century lights, you both look beautiful. Whereas if you're in a seafood restaurant and the lights are up, everybody looks terrible. So it looks nice. It's very flattering and very lovely."[13]To achieve this he and his cinematographer, Darius Khondji, used primarily warm colours in the film's photography, filmed in flatter weather and employed limited camera movements, in attempts to draw little attention to the cinematography. This is the first Woody Allen film to go through adigital intermediate,instead of beingcolor timedin the traditional photochemical way. According to Allen, its use here is a test to see if he likes it enough to use on his future films.[15]

Allen's directorial style placed more emphasis on the romantic and realistic elements of the film than the fantasy elements. He states that he "was interested only in this romantic tale, and anything that contributed to it that was fairytale was right for me. I didn't want to get into it. I only wanted to get into what bore down on his (Owen Wilson's) relationship with Marion."[13]

Locations[edit]

The film opens with a3+1⁄2-minute postcard-view montage of Paris, showing some of the iconic tourist sites.[16]Kenneth Turan of theLos Angeles Timesdescribes the montage as a stylistic approach that lasts longer than necessary to simplyestablish location.According to Turan, "Allen is saying: Pay attention – this is a special place, a place where magic can happen."[17]Midnight in Parisis the first Woody Allen film shot entirely on location in Paris, though bothLove and Death(1975) andEveryone Says I Love You(1996) were partially filmed there. Filming locations includeGiverny,John XXIII Square(nearNotre Dame),Montmartre,Deyrolle,thePalace of Versailles,theOpéra,Pont Alexandre III,theSacré-Cœur,theÎle de la Citéitself, and streets near thePanthéon.[9]

Soundtracks[edit]

Main article:Midnight in Paris (soundtrack)

Marketing[edit]

The Sony Classics team decided to take a lemon and make lemonade. They obtained a list of reporters who were invited to theCars 2junket and sent them press notes fromMidnight in Paris,encouraging them to ask Wilson questions about the Allen film during thePixarmedia day. Wilson happily complied, answering queries about his character inParisthat provided material for a host of stories. Sony Classics also got a hold of Wilson's schedule of TV appearances to promoteCars 2on shows likeLate Show with David Letterman,then bought ad time forParisspots on the nights when Wilson was a guest.[18]

—Patrick Goldstein,Los Angeles Times

The film is co-produced by Allen's Gravier Productions and the Catalan companyMediapro[19]and was picked up bySony Pictures Classicsfor distribution. It is the fourth film the two companies have co-produced, the others beingSweet and Lowdown,Whatever WorksandYou Will Meet a Tall Dark Stranger.The film's poster is a reference toVincent van Gogh's 1889 paintingThe Starry Night.[20]

In promoting the film, Allen was willing to do only a limited amount of publicity at itsCannes Film Festivaldebut in May. Wilson was already committed to promotingPixar'sCars 2,which opened in late June, several weeks after Allen's film arrived in cinemas. Due to these challenges and the relatively small ($10 million) budget for promotion, Sony Classics had to perform carefulmedia buyingandpress relationsto promote the film.[18]

Release[edit]

Owen Wilson and Woody Allen promoting the film at the2011 Cannes Film Festival.

Box office[edit]

The film premiered at theCannes Film Festivalon May 11, 2011, when it opened the festival as a first screening for both professionals and the public;[21]it was released nationwide in France that same day, Wednesday being the traditional day of change in French cinemas.[22]It went onlimited releasein six theaters in the United States on May 20 and took $599,003 in the first weekend, spreading to 944 cinemas three weeks later, when it went on wide release.[1]

Midnight in Parisachieved the highest gross of any of Allen's films in North America, before adjusting for inflation. The film earned $56.3 million in North America, overtaking his previous best,Hannah and Her Sisters,at $40 million.[23]As of 2016,Midnight in Pariswas the highest-grossing film directed by Allen, with $151 million worldwide on a $17 million budget.[1]

Critical reception[edit]

Midnight in Parisreceived critical acclaim. OnRotten Tomatoes,the film holds an approval rating of 93% based on 224 reviews, with an average rating of 7.8/10. The website's critics consensus reads, "It may not boast the depth of his classic films, but the sweetly sentimentalMidnight in Parisis funny and charming enough to satisfy Woody Allen fans. "[24]The film has received Allen's best reviews and score on the site since 1994'sBullets Over Broadway.[25]OnMetacritic,the film has a score of 81 out of 100, based on 40 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".[26]The film received some generally positive reviews after its premiere at the64th Cannes Film Festival.Todd McCarthyfromThe Hollywood ReporterpraisedDarius Khondji's cinematography and claimed the film "has the concision and snappy pace of Allen's best work".[27]

A. O. ScottofThe New York Timescommented on Owen Wilson's success at playing the Woody Allen persona. He states that the film is marvelously romantic and credibly blends "whimsy and wisdom". He praised Khondji's cinematography, the supporting cast and remarked that it is a memorable film and that "Mr. Allen has often said that he does not want or expect his own work to survive, but as modest and lighthearted asMidnight in Parisis, it suggests otherwise: Not an ambition toward immortality so much as a willingness to leave something behind—a bit of memorabilia, or art, if you like that word better—that catches the attention and solicits the admiration of lonely wanderers in some future time. "[28]Roger Ebertgave the film3+1⁄2stars out of 4. He ended his review thus:[29]

This is Woody Allen's 41st film. He writes his films himself, and directs them with wit and grace. I consider him a treasure of the cinema. Some people take him for granted, althoughMidnight in Parisreportedly charmed even the jaded veterans of the Cannes press screenings. There is nothing to dislike about it. Either you connect with it or not. I'm wearying of movies that are for "everybody" – which means, nobody in particular.Midnight in Parisis for me, in particular, and that's just fine withmoi.

Richard Roeper,an American film critic, gaveMidnight in Parisan "A"; referring to it as a "wonderful film" and "one of the best romantic comedies in recent years". He commented that the actors are uniformly brilliant and praised the film's use of witty one-liners.[30]InThe Huffington Post,Rob Kirkpatricksaid the film represented a return to form for the director ( "it's as if Woody has rediscovered Woody" ) and calledMidnight in Paris"a surprising film that casts a spell over us and reminds us of the magical properties of cinema, and especially of Woody Allen's cinema."[31]

Midnight in Parishas been compared to Allen'sThe Purple Rose of Cairo(1985), in that the functioning of themagical realismtherein is never explained.David Edelstein,New York,commended that approach, stating that it eliminates, "the sci-fi wheels and pulleys that tend to suck up so much screen time in time-travel movies." He goes on to applaud the film stating that, "this supernatural comedy isn't just Allen's best film in more than a decade; it's the only one that manages to rise above its tidy parable structure and be easy, graceful, and glancingly funny, as if buoyed by its befuddled hero's enchantment."[32]

Peter Johnson of PopCitizen felt that the film's nature as a "period piece" was far superior to its comedic components, which he referred to as lacking. "While the period settings ofMidnight in Parisare almost worth seeing the film... it hardly qualifies as a moral compass to those lost in a nostalgic revelry, "he asserts.[33]

Joe Morgenstern ofThe Wall Street Journalacknowledged the cast and the look of the film and, despite some familiarities with the film's conflict, praised Allen's work on the film. He wrote, "For the filmmaker who brought these intertwined universes into being, the film represents new energy in a remarkable career."[34]

Peter BradshawofThe Guardian,giving the film 3 out of 5 stars, described it as "an amiableamuse-bouche"and" sporadically entertaining, light, shallow, self-plagiarising. "He goes on to add that it's" a romantic fantasy adventure to be compared with the vastly superior ideas of his comparative youth, such as the 1985 movieThe Purple Rose of Cairo."[35]In October 2013, the film was voted by theGuardianreaders as the ninth best film directed by Woody Allen.[36]

More scathing isRichard CorlissofTime,who describes the film as "pure Woody Allen. Which is not to say great or even good Woody, but a distillation of the filmmaker's passions and crotchets, and of his tendency to pass draconian judgment on characters the audience is not supposed to like.... hisMidnightstrikes not sublime chimes but the clangor of snap judgments and frayed fantasy. "[37]

Quentin TarantinonamedMidnight in Parisas his favorite film of 2011.[38]The film was well received in France. The website Allocine (Hello Cinema) gave it 4.2 out of 5 stars based on a sample of twenty reviews.[22]Ten of the reviews gave it a full five stars, includingLe Figaro,which praised the film's evocation of its themes and said "one leaves the screening with a smile on one's lips".[39]

Faulkner estate[edit]

TheWilliam Faulknerestate later filed a lawsuit againstSony Pictures Classicsfor the film's bit of dialogue, "The past is not dead. Actually, it's not even past," a paraphrasing of an often-quoted line from Faulkner's 1950 bookRequiem for a Nun( "The past is never dead. It's not even past." ), claiming that the paraphrasing was an unlicensed use of the estate. Faulkner is directly credited in the dialogue when Gil claims to have met the writer at a dinner party (though Faulkner is never physically portrayed in the film). Julie Ahrens of the Fair Use Project at theStanford University's Center for Internet and Societywas quoted as saying in response to the charge, "The idea that one person can control the use of those particular words seems ridiculous to me. Any kind of literary allusion is ordinarily celebrated. This seems to squarely fall in that tradition." Sony's response stated that they consider the action "a frivolous lawsuit".[40]In July 2013, a federal judge in Mississippi dismissed the lawsuit on fair use grounds.[41]

Accolades[edit]

List of awards and nominations
Award Category Recipient(s) Result
84th Academy Awards[42][43] Best Picture Letty AronsonandStephen Tenenbaum Nominated
Best Director Woody Allen Nominated
Best Original Screenplay Woody Allen Won
Best Art Direction Production Design:Anne Seibel;Set Decoration: Hélène Dubreuil Nominated
Alliance of Women Film Journalists Best Film Nominated
Best Director Woody Allen Nominated
Best Screenplay Original Woody Allen Won
Best Ensemble Cast Nominated
Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts[44] Best Film – International Nominated
Best Direction – International Woody Allen Nominated
Best Screenplay – International Woody Allen Nominated
65th British Academy Film Awards[45][46] BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay Woody Allen Nominated
Bradbury Award[47] Bradbury Award Woody Allen Nominated
British Fantasy Awards[48] British Fantasy Award for Best Screenplay Woody Allen Won
Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards Best Picture Nominated
Best Original Screenplay Woody Allen Won
Best Comedy Nominated
Chicago Film Critics Association Awards Best Original Screenplay Woody Allen Nominated
2012 Comedy Awards Comedy Film Nominated
Comedy Actor Owen Wilson Nominated
Comedy Director Woody Allen Nominated
Comedy Screenplay Woody Allen Nominated
Directors Guild of America Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Feature Film Woody Allen Nominated
69th Golden Globe Awards Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy Nominated
Best Director Woody Allen Nominated
Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy Owen Wilson Nominated
Best Screenplay Woody Allen Won
Goya Awards
Best Original Screenplay Woody Allen Nominated
Grammy Awards[49] Best Compilation Soundtrack For Visual Media Won
Houston Film Critics Society Awards Best Film Nominated
Best Director Woody Allen Nominated
Best Screenplay Woody Allen Nominated
Independent Spirit Awards Best Supporting Male Corey Stoll Nominated
Best Cinematography Darius Khondji Nominated
National Society of Film Critics Best Screenplay Woody Allen Nominated
New York Film Critics Online Best Film Nominated
Online Film Critics Society Best Original Screenplay Woody Allen Won
Producers Guild of America Awards Best Theatrical Motion Picture Letty Aronson, Stephen Tenenbaum Nominated
Satellite Awards Best Film Nominated
Best Director Woody Allen Nominated
Best Supporting Actress Rachel McAdams Nominated
Screen Actors Guild Awards Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture Nominated
Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Best Director Woody Allen Nominated
Best Original Screenplay Woody Allen Won
Writers Guild of America Awards Original Screenplay Woody Allen Won
11th Grande Prêmio Brasileiro de Cinema Best Foreign Film Woody Allen Won

Home media[edit]

Thesoundtrackwas released on December 9, 2011, and released onBlu-rayand DVD on December 20, 2011.[50]

References[edit]

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External links[edit]

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