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Revision as of 21:41, 10 November 2023

Staten Island Railway
The white letters SIR in a blue circle
TheSIRbullet, used on the MTA's website, timetables, New York City Subway map, and some station signage
A Staten Island Railway train entering a station
A Staten Island Railway local train ofR44sat theGreat Kills station
Overview
OwnerStaten Island Rapid Transit Operating Authority (SIRTOA), a subsidiary of theMetropolitan Transportation Authority
LocaleStaten Island,New York City
Transit typeRapid transit
Number of lines1
Number of stations21
Daily ridership18,400 (weekdays, Q2 2024)[1]
Annual ridership6,151,400 (2023)[2]
Websitenew.mta.info/agency/staten-island-railway
Operation
Began operationFebruary 1, 1860
Operator(s)New York City Transit AuthorityDepartment of Subways
Number of vehiclesR44
R211S[3]
Technical
System length14 mi (22.5 km)
Track gauge4 ft8+1⁄2in(1,435 mm)standard gauge
ElectrificationThird rail,600 V DC
Top speed55 mph

TheStaten Island Railway(SIR) is arapid transitline in theNew York CityboroughofStaten Island.It is owned by theStaten Island Rapid Transit Operating Authority(SIRTOA), a subsidiary of theMetropolitan Transportation Authority,and operated by theNew York City Transit AuthorityDepartment of Subways. SIR operates 24 hours a day, seven days a week, providing local service betweenSt. GeorgeandTottenville,along the east side of the island. There is currently only one line on the island, and there is no direct rail link between the SIR and theNew York City Subwaysystem, but SIR riders do receive a freetransferto New York City Transit bus and subway lines, and the line is included on official New York City Subway maps.[4]Commuters on the railway typically use theStaten Island Ferryto reachManhattan.The line is accessible from within the Ferry Terminal, and most of its trains are timed to connect with the ferry. In 2023, the system had a ridership of 6,151,400, or about 18,400 per weekday as of the second quarter of 2024.

The line has a route bullet similar to subway routes: the lettersSIRin a blue circle. It is used on timetables, the MTA website, and some signage,[a]but not on trains. Like the New York City Subway, the line runs 24 hours a day every day of the year,[5]and is one of the few 24/7 mass-transit rail systems in the United States.[b]Fares are only collected at two stations, St. George and nearbyTompkinsville.

Although the railway was originally considered a standard rail line, the existing line is severed from thenational rail system,and only a small portion of the formerNorth Shore Branchstill sees freight use. The passenger operations are now regulated as a rapid transit system, and exempt from certain regulations.[6]The line uses modifiedR44subway cars, which are planned to be replaced byR211Scars in January 2024.[7]

History

Main article:History of the Staten Island Railway

19th century

1885 Staten Island Rapid Transit Company map

The Staten Island Rail Road was incorporated on August 2, 1851, afterPerth Amboyand Staten Island residents petitioned for aTottenville-to-Stapletonrail line. The railroad was financed with a loan fromCornelius Vanderbilt,the sole Staten Island-to-Manhattan ferry operator on theEast Shore,his first involvement in a railroad.[8]The line was completed to Tottenville on June 2, 1860.[9]: 7 [10]: 225 Under the leadership of Vanderbilt's brother, Jacob H. Vanderbilt, the Staten Island Rail Road took over several independent ferries.[11]The Staten Island Railway and ferry line made a modest profit until the explosion of the ferryWestfieldat Whitehall Street Terminal on July 30, 1871.[9]: 7 [12]: 36 By July 1872, the railroad and ferry were inreceivership.On September 17, 1872, the company was sold toGeorge Lawinforeclosure.[8][10]: 225–228 [13]: 462 The following April 1, the Staten Island Rail Road was transferred to the Staten Island Railway Company.[14]: 1255 

By 1880 the railway was barely operational, and New York State sued (throughAttorney GeneralHamilton Ward) to dissolve the company in May of that year.[10]: 229 [15]Erastus Wiman,one of the island's most prominent residents, organized the Staten Island Rapid Transit Company (SIRT) on March 25, 1880, and partnered with theBaltimore & Ohio Railroad(B&O) to build a large rail terminal on the island and centralize the six-to-eight ferry landings.[9]: 7 [10]: 7 [12]: 37 He secured an extension on a land-purchase option from George Law by offering to name it "St. George"after him.[16]: 4 [17]: 8 

1885 drawing of the Baltimore & Ohio viaduct (under construction) overArthur Kill,between Staten Island and New Jersey

Construction of theVanderbilt's Landing-to-Tompkinsvilleportion of theNorth Shore Branchbegan on March 17, 1884,[10]: 230 [12]: 37 [18]and the line opened for passenger service on August 1 of that year.[19]The lighthouse just above Tompkinsville impeded the line's extension to St. George but, after the SIRT lobbied for anact of Congress,construction of a two-track, 580-foot (180 m) tunnel under the lighthouse began in 1885 for about $190,000.[20]: 690 The SIR was leased to the B&O for 99 years in 1885.[9]: 7–8 [10]: 230 [12]: 37 Proceeds of the lease were used to complete the terminal at Saint George, pay for two miles of waterfront property, complete the Rapid Transit Railroad, build a bridge over theKill Van KullatElizabethport,and build other terminal facilities.[21]The North Shore Branch opened for service on February 23, 1886, toElm Park.[20]: 690 The Saint George terminal opened on March 7, 1886, and all SIR lines were extended to the station.[10]: 231 [12]: 37 The remainder of the North Shore Branch, to its terminus atErastina,was opened in the summer of 1886.[9]On January 1, 1888, theSouth Beach Branchopened for passenger service toArrochar.[22]: 257–258 [23]In 1893, theSouth Beach Branchwas extended fromArrocharto a new terminal atSouth Beach.[24]The new lines opened by the B&O were known as the Staten Island Rapid Transit Railway, and the original line (fromCliftonto Tottenville) was called the Staten Island Railway.[25]

In 1886, Congress passed a law authorizing the construction of a 500-foot (150 m)swing bridge over Arthur Kill,after three years of effort by Wiman.[12][26]The bridge was completed three days early, on June 13, 1888, at 3 p.m.[8][13][27]The Arthur Kill Bridge was the world's largest drawbridge when it opened, and there were no fatalities in its construction.[26]In 1889, construction began on theBaltimore and New York Railway— 5.25-mile (8.45 km) line from Arthur Kill to theJersey Centralat Cranford, and was finished later in the year. On January 1, 1890, the first train operated fromSt. George TerminaltoCranford Junction.[9]: 8 [28][29]When the Arthur Kill Bridge was completed, theUnited States War Departmentwas unsuccessfully pressured by theLehigh ValleyandPennsylvania Railroadsto have the newly built bridge replaced with a bridge with a different design; according to the railroads, it was an obstruction to navigation of the large numbers of coal barges past Holland Hook on Arthur Kill.[12]In 1897, the terminal at Saint George (which served the railroad and the ferry to Manhattan) was completed.[10]

20th century

Improvements were made to the SIRT after thePennsylvania Railroad(PRR) took control of the B&O in 1900,[30]: 194–195, 199–200 after which the B&O became profitable again.[31][better source needed]On October 25, 1905, New York City took ownership of the ferry and terminals and evicted the B&O from the Whitehall Street terminal. TheSt. George Terminalwas then built by the city for $2,318,720, equivalent to $78,630,372 in 2023.[32]

In anticipation of atunnelunderthe NarrowstoBrooklynand a connection there with theBMT Fourth Avenue Lineof the New York City Subway, the SIRT electrified its lines withthird railpower distribution and cars similar to those of theBrooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation (BMT).[33]The first electric train was operated on theSouth Beach BranchbetweenSouth BeachandFort Wadsworthon May 30, 1925, and the other branches were electrified by November of that year.[33][34]Electrification did not greatly increase traffic, and the tunnel was never built.[35]During the 1920s, a branch line along Staten Island's West Shore was built to haul building materials for theOuterbridge Crossing.[9]: 111 The branch was cut back to a point south of the crossing after the bridge was built. TheGulf OilCorporation opened a dock and tank farm alongArthur Killin 1928; to serve it, theTravis Branchwas built south fromArlington Yardinto the marshes of the island's western shore toGulfportin the early 1930s.[9]: 41 [36]

The Port Richmond–Tower Hill viaduct, the nation's largest grade-crossing-elimination project, was completed on February 25, 1937. The viaduct, more than a mile long, spanned eight grade crossings on the SIRT'sNorth Shore Branchand was the final part of a $6 million grade-crossing-elimination project on the island which eliminated thirty-four crossings on its north and south shores.[37]

Revenue-passenger traffic, in millions of passenger miles
Year Traffic
1925 67
1944 81
1960 37
1967 38
Source: ICC annual reports

Freight andWorld War IItraffic helped pay some of the SIRT's accumulated debt, and the line was briefly profitable in the 1940s. AllEast Coastmilitary-hospital trains were handled by the SIRT during the war, and some trains stopped at Staten Island'sArlington stationto transfer wounded soldiers to a large military hospital. The need to transport warmateriel,POW trains and troops made the stretch of the Baltimore & New York Railway between Cranford Junction and Arthur Kill extremely busy.[31]The B&O also operated special trains for important officials, such asWinston Churchill.[38]On June 25, 1946, a fire destroyed the St. George Terminal; three people were killed, twenty-two were injured and damage totaled $22 million.[10]: 239 [12]The fire destroyed the ferry terminal, the four slips used for service to Manhattan and the SIRT terminal.[39][40]Normal service was not restored until July 13, 1946, and a request for bids to build a temporary terminal was issued on August 21 of that year. On February 10, 1948, a replacement terminal was promised by MayorWilliam O'Dwyer.The new $23 million terminal opened on June 8, 1951, with ferry, bus and rail service in one building; portions of the new terminal were phased into service earlier.[10]: 240 [41]: 55 [42]

1952 Staten Island Rapid Transit map, with freight connections
Poster publicizing a March 1953 meeting protesting SIRT cuts

Ridership decreased from 12.3 million in 1947 to 4.4 million in 1949 as passengers switched from the rail line to city-operated buses due to a bus-fare reduction.[43]In September 1948, about half of weekday trains were cut, night trains after 1:29 a.m. were cancelled, and thirty percent of the company's employees werelaid off.[44][45][46]After backlash, service was slightly increased.[47]On September 22, theInterstate Commerce Commissionallowed the SIRT to abandon the ferry it had operated for 88 years betweenTottenvilleandPerth Amboy, New Jersey,and the ferry operation was transferred to Sunrise Ferries ofElizabeth, New Jerseyon October 16.[48][49]SIRT discontinued passenger service on the North Shore Branch and the South Beach Branch at midnight on March 31, 1953, due to competition from city-operated buses; the South Beach Branch was abandoned shortly afterwards, and the North Shore Branch continued to carry freight.[50][51]On September 7, 1954, SIRT applied to discontinue passenger service on the Tottenville Branch on October 7 of that year;[52]a large city subsidy allowed passenger service on the branch to continue.[8]

In 1956, work began on the replacement of the Arthur Killswing bridgeby a single-track, 558-foot (170 m)vertical-lift bridge,which opened in August 1959.[12]: 135 [53]The prefabricated, 2,000-ton bridge was floated into place.[9]: 8 Thenew bridgecould rise 135 feet (41 m) and, since it aided navigation on Arthur Kill, the federal government assumed 90% of the project's $11 million cost. Freight trains started crossing the bridge when it opened on August 25, 1959.[30]: 349 TheTravis Branchwas extended in 1958 to a newConsolidated Edisonpower plant in Travis (on the West Shore), allowing coal trains fromWest Virginiato serve the plant.[9]: 8 

Operation of the Tottenville line was turned over to theStaten Island Rapid Transit Operating Authority(a division of the state'sMetropolitan Transportation Authority) on July 1, 1971, and the line was purchased by the city of New York.[54]As part of the agreement, freight on the line would continue to be handled by the B&O under the Staten Island Railroad.[9]: 9 The first sixR44cars (the same as the newest cars then in use on the subway lines in the other boroughs) were put into SIRT service on February 28, 1973, replacing theME-1cars which had been in service since 1925.[55]Between 1971 and 1973, a project began to extend the high-level platforms at six stations.[56]: 11–12, 49, 52 A station-rebuilding program began in 1985, and the line's R44s were overhauled starting in 1987.[57]

Train at a station, with its driver leaning out the window to pose for the camera
An R44 at Grant City heading to St. George in July 1973

The B&O became part of the larger C&O system in a merger with theChesapeake and Ohio Railway,and the island's freight operation was renamed the Staten Island Railroad Corporation in 1971.[12]: 174 The B&O and C&O became isolated from their other properties in New Jersey and Staten Island with the creation ofConrailon April 1, 1976, in a merger of bankrupt lines in the northeastern U.S. Their freight service now terminated inPhiladelphia,but for several years afterward B&O locomotives and one B&O freight train a day ran toCranford Junction.[12]: 174 [58]In 1973, theJersey Central'scar floatyard was closed;[59]however, the B&O's car-float operation was later brought back to Staten Island at Saint George Yard, after having ended in September 1976. This car-float operation was taken over by the New York Dock Railway in September 1979, and ended the following year.[12]: 173 Only a few isolated industries on Staten Island used rail freight, and the yard at Saint George was essentially abandoned.[9]: 9 The C&O system sold the Staten Island Railroad to theNew York, Susquehanna & Western Railroad,owned by theDelaware Otsego Corporation,in April 1985 due to a lack of business.[50]The Susquehanna then embargoed the track east ofElm Parkon theNorth Shore Branch,ending rail freight to Saint George.Procter & Gamble(the line's largest customer) closed in 1990, leading to a large drop in freight traffic. The last freight train crossed the bridge in 1990 and the operation ended on July 25, 1991, when the Arthur Kill Bridge was taken out of service. The North Shore Branch and the Arthur Kill Bridge were then taken over byCSX Transportation(CSX). The line and bridge were purchased in 1994 by theNew York City Economic Development Corporation(NYCEDC), followed by a decade of false starts.[9]: 9 

SIRT was transferred from the New York City Transit Authority's Surface Transit Division to its Department of Rapid Transit on July 26, 1993,[60]and that year theDongan Hillsstation became accessible, making it compliant with theAmericans with Disabilities Act of 1990.[61]MetroCardswere accepted for fare payment at the St. George station beginning on March 31, 1994, and the station became the 50th MTA rapid transit station to accept them.[62]TheMetropolitan Transportation Authority(MTA) restored the line's original name on April 2 of that year as the MTA Staten Island Railway (SIR).[9]: 9 [63]On July 4, 1997, the MTA eliminated fares for travel betweenTompkinsvilleandTottenvilleas part of the year's "One City, One Fare" fare reductions.[64]United Transportation Union Local 1440, the union representing SIR employees, was concerned about the fare reduction in part because of an expected increase in ridership.[65]No turnstiles were installed at the other stations on the line, and passengers at St. George began paying when entering and exiting;[66]fares had previously been collected on board by the conductor.[67]The removal of fares was blamed for an immediate spike in crime along the line.[68]Three afternoon express trains were added to the schedule on April 7, 1999, nearly doubling the previous express service. The express trains skipped stops between St. George and Great Kills.[69]A several-hundred-foot section of the easternmost portion of the North Shore Branch was reopened for passenger service to theRichmond County Bank Ballpark,home of theStaten Island Yankeesminor-league baseball team, on June 24, 2001; the service was discontinued on June 18, 2010.[70]A new station building atTompkinsvilleopened on January 20, 2010, withturnstilesinstalled to prevent passengers from exiting (free of charge) at Tompkinsville and walking the short distance to the St. George ferry terminal.[71]

Current use

Passenger service

R44 train at Oakwood Heights

Although the Staten Island Railway originally consisted of three lines, only the north-south Main Line is in passenger service. It has beengrade-separatedfrom all roads since the 1960s, but runs more or less at street level for a brief stretch north of Clifton, between theGrasmereandOld Townstations, and from south of thePleasant Plainsstation to Tottenville—the end of the line. The terminus at St. George provides a direct connection with theStaten Island Ferry.[72]St. George has twelve tracks, ten of which are in service.Tottenvillehas a three-track yard to the east of the station, which itself has two tracks and an island platform.[73]: 102 

Rolling stock consists of modifiedR44subway-type cars built in early 1973,[56]: 53 added to the end of the R44 order of subway cars for New York City Transit; they were the last cars built by theSt. Louis Car Company.[74][75]Heavy maintenance is performed at NYCT's Clifton Shops, and any work unable to be done at Clifton requires the cars to be trucked over theVerrazzano-Narrows Bridgeto the subway'sConey Island ComplexinBrooklyn.Theright-of-wayincludes elevated, embankment and open-cut sections, as well as a tunnel near St. George.[73]: 102–103 

Before 2007, the Staten Island Railway used Baltimore & Ohio Railroad-stylecolor position lightsignals dating back to its B&O days. That year, a $72-million project to replace the old signal system was completed. The system was replaced with an FRA-compliant 100 Hz, track-circuit-based automatic train control (ATC) signal system. As part of the project, fortyR44subway cars and four locomotives were modified with onboard cab signaling equipment for ATC bi-directional movement. A new rail control center and backup control center were built as part of the project.[76]The line usesNYC Transit-standard600 V DC third-rail power.[77]

Disused Conductor indicator for a 5-car train at Grant City. Used during 5-car train tests in the early 2010s. By 2019, almost all of these had been removed, as the SIRTOA continued to use 4-car trains.

Sally Librera has been the railway's vice-president and chief officer since her appointment in May 2017.[78]The workforce, about 200hourly employees,is represented byUnited Transportation UnionLocal 1440.[79]

Accessibility

Only theDongan Hills,St. George,Great Kills,New DorpandTottenvillestations have been renovated to comply with theAmericans with Disabilities Act of 1990;these stations have elevators and/or ramps.[5][80]In late 2019, as part of the MTA's 2020–2024 capital plan, three stations are planned to be renovated to become ADA-accessible. These stations are Huguenot and Clifton.[81]

ThePrince's Bay,Huguenot,Annadale,Great Kills, Dongan Hills, and Arthur Kill stations havepark-and-ridefacilities.[82]The newest station on the Staten Island Railway,Arthur Kill,opened on January 21, 2017, and is ADA-compliant. The station is between (and has replaced) the now-demolishedAtlanticandNassaustations, which were in the poorest condition of all the stations on the line.[83][84]

Police

On June 1, 2005, the Staten Island Rapid Transit Police Department was disbanded and its 25 railroad police officers became part of theMetropolitan Transportation Authority Police Department.The MTA Police Department was created in 1998 with the merger of theLong Island Rail RoadPolice Department and theMetro-North RailroadPolice Department. The MTA Police Department then opened its newest patrol district, Police District #9, which began covering the Staten Island Railway.[85][86]

Fare

Main article:New York City transit fares

The cash fare is $2.90, the same fare as the New York City Subway andMTA buses.Fares are paid on entry and exit only atSt. GeorgeandTompkinsville.Rides not originating or terminating at St. George or Tompkinsville are free. Fares are payable byMetroCardorOMNY.Since the card enables free transfers for a continuous ride on the subway and bus systems, for many riders there is effectively no fare for riding the SIR. Riders can also transfer between a Staten Island bus, the SIR and a Manhattan bus (or subway) nearSouth Ferry.[87]Because of this, the SIR's 2001farebox recovery ratiowas 0.16; for every dollar of expense, 16 cents was recovered in fares (the lowest ratio of MTA agencies).[88]The low farebox recovery ratio is part of the reason the MTA sought to merge the SIR with the subway to form MTA Subways in October 2002: to simplify accounting and subsidy of a single line.[89]

Before the 1997 introduction of the one-fare zone,[90]with the MetroCard's free transfers from the SIR to the subway system and MTA buses, fares were collected from passengers boarding at stops other than St. George by onboard conductors.[91]In the past, passengers had avoided paying the fare by exiting at Tompkinsville and walking a short distance to the St. George Ferry Terminal. As a result, the MTA installedturnstilesat Tompkinsville and a new station building, which opened on January 20, 2010.[71]

On October 23, 2017, it was announced that the MetroCard would be phased out and replaced byOMNY,acontactless fare paymentsystem also by Cubic, with fare payment being made usingApple Pay,Google Pay,debit/credit cards withnear-field communicationtechnology, orradio-frequency identificationcards.[92][93]The St. George and Tompkinsville stations, the only two Staten Island Railway stations with turnstiles, received OMNY readers in December 2019.[94]Support of the MetroCard is slated to remain until 2023.[93]

Freight service

See also:Rail freight transportation in New York City and Long IslandandLinden Yard

During the early 2000s, plans to reopen the Staten Island Rapid Transit line in New Jersey were announced by thePort Authority of New York and New Jersey(PANYNJ). Since theCentral Railroad of New Jerseybecame aNew Jersey Transitline, a new junction would be built to the formerLehigh Valley Railroad.So all New England and southern freight could pass through the New York metropolitan area, two rail tunnels from Brooklyn (one to Staten Island and the other toGreenville, New Jersey) were planned.[95]

On December 15, 2004, a $72 million project to reactivate freight service on Staten Island and repair theArthur Kill Vertical Lift Bridgewas announced by the NYCEDC and the PANYNJ. Projects on the Arthur Kill Bridge included repainting the steel superstructure and rehabilitating its lift mechanism.[96]In 2006, the freight line connection reopened from New Jersey to the Staten Island Railroad, including the Arthur Kill Bridge.[97]Regular service began on April 2, 2007 (16 years after it had closed)[98]to ship container freight from theHowland Hook Marine Terminaland other industrial businesses. The service at the marine terminal is part of the PANYNJ'sExpressRailsystem completed with of the single-trackChemical Coastconnector.[99][100]Service is provided by andConrail Shared Assets Operations(CRCX) for its co-owners,CSX,Norfolk Southern Railway.

As part of the project, a portion of the North Shore Branch was rehabilitated, theArlington Yardwas expanded, and 6,500 feet (1,981 m) of new track was laid along theTravis BranchtoStaten Island Transfer Stationat Fresh Kills.[101]Soon after service restarted on the line, MayorMichael Bloombergofficially commemorated the reactivation on April 17, 2007.[102]As of 2019, the New York City Department of Sanitation's contractor was moving containers of municipal solid waste by barge from Queens and Manhattan to the Howland Hook Marine Terminal for transfer to rail there.[103]

Along the remainder of the North Shore Branch, there are still tracks and rail overpasses in some places.[104][105]: 15–17 

Future plans

Annual passenger ridership
Year Passengers %±
1860 63,641 —
1870 336,706 +429.1%
1880 390,151 +15.9%
1890 6,539,318 +1576.1%
1900 4,439,506 -32.1%
1901 4,212,303 -5.1%
1902 4,238,630 +21.9%
1903 4,302,858 +2.1%
1904 4,586,182 +6.6%
1905 4,724,041 +3.0%
1906 5,161,134 +9.3%
1907 5,944,696 +15.2%
1908 5,649,116 −5.0%
1909 5,237,373 −7.3%
1910 6,014,928 +14.8%
1911 6,218,316 +3.4%
1912 6,461,635 +3.9%
1913 6,636,336 +2.7%
1914 6,979,126 +5.1%
1915 6,943,302 -0.5%
1916 7,563,066 +8.9%
1917 8,378,779 +10.8%
1918 9,269,902 +10.6%
1919 10,204,511 +10.1%
1920 13,011,958 +27.5%
1921 11,181,785 -14.1%
1922 10,686,439 -4.4%
1923 11,130,382 +4.2%
1924 11,828,314 +6.3%
1925 12,443,909 +5.2%
1926 13,000,311 +4.5%
1927 13,384,913 +3.0%
1928 13,569,054 +1.4%
1929 14,783,080 +9.0%
1930 14,318,178 -3.1%
1931 12,999,636 -9.2%
1932 10,892,762 -16.2%
1933 9,710,103 -10.9%
1934 9,129,112 -6.0%
1935 8,757,275 -4.1%
1936 9,422,276 +7.6%
1937 8,735,704 +7.3%
1938 8,933,096 +2.3%
1939 8,636,683 -3.3%
1945 14,811,466 +71.5%
1946 13,578,376 -8.3%
1947 12,295,221 -9.4%
1948 8,696,218 -29.3%
1949 4,424,410 -49.1%
1950 3,878,071 -12.3%
1951 3,984,476 +2.7%
1964 6,400,000 +60.6%
1965 5,700,000 -10.9%
1968 5,330,000 -6.5%
1969 5,240,000 +2.7%
1970 4,760,000 -19.5%
1971 4,720,000 -0.8%
1972 4,100,000 -13.1%
1986 6,470,000 +57.8%
1988 6,230,000 -3.7%
1995 5,100,000 -18.1%
1996 4,900,000 -3.9%
1997 4,600,000 -6.1%
1998 4,108,000 -10.7%
1999 3,946,242 -3.9%
2000 4,088,000 +3.6%
2001 3,963,590 -3.0%
2002 3,594,677 -9.3%
2017 4,600,000 +28%
2022 2,009,000 -56%
[106][107][108][109][110]

[111][112][113][114][115][116][3][117]


R211S inside the Clifton Shops. These are expected to enter service in 2024, replacing the R44s.

Elected officials on Staten Island, including State SenatorDiane Savino,have demanded the replacement of the railway's aging R44 cars.[118]Although the Metropolitan Transportation Authority initially planned to orderR179sfor the Staten Island Railway, it was later decided to overhaulR46sto replace the R44s.[119]However, the R46 overhaul plan was also dropped, and 75R211Scars will replace the R44s.[120][121]In the meantime, the R44s are receiving intermittent rounds of scheduled maintenance to extend their usefulness until at least 2022–2023.[122][123]

There has been discussion of building anin-fill stationin the Rosebank neighborhood, which would bridge the longest gap between two stations (GrasmereandClifton). The area was once home to theRosebank stationon the railway's now-defunct South Beach Branch, which was located east of the proposed station site.[118]: 17–18 

Several proposals have been made to connect the SIR to the subway system, including the abandoned, unfinishedStaten Island Tunneland a line along theVerrazzano-Narrows BridgeusingB Divisioncars andloading gauge,but economic, political and engineering difficulties have prevented these projects from realization.[124][125]

Possible branch restoration

In a 2006 report, theStaten Island Advanceexplored the restoration of passenger service on 5.1 miles (8.2 km) of theNorth Shore Branchbetween St. George andArlington.Completion of a study is necessary to qualify the project for an estimated $360 million. A preliminary study found that ridership could reach 15,000 daily.[126]U.S. SenatorChuck Schumerof New York requested $4 million of federal funding for a detailed feasibility study.[127]In 2012, the MTA released an analysis of North Shore transportation solutions which included proposals for the reintroduction of heavy rail,light railorbus rapid transitusing the North Shore line's right-of-way. Other options includedsystem management,which would improve existing bus service, and the possibility of future ferry andwater taxiservice. Bus rapid transit was preferred for its cost ($352 million in capital investment) and relative ease of implementation. In January 2018, the project had yet to receive funding.[128]: 61 As part of the 2015–2019 MTA Capital Program, $4 million was allocated for an analysis ofStaten Island light rail.[129]

Branches and stations

Main article:List of Staten Island Railway stations
SIR map, with all branches and stations
Map
Map of the SIR overlaid on a modern road map

Main Line stations

Station service legend
Stops all times Stops all times
Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours only
Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only
Time period details
Disabled access Station is compliant with theAmericans with Disabilities Act
Disabled access↑ Station is compliant with theAmericans with Disabilities Act
in the indicated direction only
Disabled access↓
Elevator access to mezzanine only
* Some local trains start at Huguenot during morning rush hours.[82]
Normal
service 		Peak services Station Opened Closed Connections, notes
Lcl AM exp PM exp
Stops all times Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only St. George TerminalDisabled access March 7, 1886[130] Staten Island Ferry toWhitehall Terminal
NYCT BusNYCT Bus:S40,S42,S44,S46,S48,S51,S52,S61,S62,S66,S74,S76,S78,S81,S84,S86,S90,S91,S92,S94,S96,S98[131]
Stops all times Stops rush hours only | | Tompkinsville July 31, 1884[8] NYCT BusNYCT Bus: S51, S52, S46, S48, S61, S62, S66, S78, S91, S92, S96, S98[131]
Stops all times Stops rush hours only | | Stapleton July 31, 1884[8] NYCT BusNYCT Bus: S51, S52, S74, S76, S81, S84[131]
Stops all times Stops rush hours only | | Clifton April 23, 1860[8] NYCT BusNYCT Bus: S51[131]
OriginallyVanderbilt's Landing;access via first three cars northbound[82]
Stops all times Stops rush hours only | | Grasmere 1886 NYCT BusNYCT Bus:S53[131]
Stops all times Stops rush hours only | | Old Town 1937[132] OriginallyOld Town Road
Stops all times Stops rush hours only | | Dongan HillsDisabled access April 23, 1860[8] OriginallyGarretson's
Stops all times Stops rush hours only | | Jefferson Avenue 1937[133]
Stops all times Stops rush hours only | | Grant City April 23, 1860[8] NYCT BusNYCT Bus: S51[131]
Stops all times Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours only↑ | New DorpDisabled access April 23, 1860[8] NYCT BusNYCT Bus:S57,S76, S86[131]
Stops all times Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours only↑ | Oakwood Heights April 23, 1860[8] NYCT BusNYCT Bus: S57[131]
OriginallyRichmond,[134]thenCourt House,[135]thenOakwood
Stops all times Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours only↑ | Bay Terrace Early 1900s Replaced olderWhitlock[136]
Stops all times Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Great KillsDisabled access April 23, 1860[8] NYCT BusNYCT Bus:S54,SIM5,SIM6[131]
Southern terminus for select rush hour local trains[82]
OriginallyGifford's
Stops all times * ↑ Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Eltingville April 23, 1860[8] NYCT BusNYCT Bus:S59,S79 SBS,S89,SIM1,SIM7,SIM10,SIM22[131]
Woods of Arden 1886 c. 1894–1895 Closed
Stops all times * ↑ Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Annadale May 14, 1860[8] NYCT BusNYCT Bus:S55,[131]SIM23
Stops all times * ↑ Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Huguenot June 2, 1860[8] NYCT BusNYCT Bus: S55,SIM2[131]SIM24
Some northbound local a.m. rush hour trips begin at this station[82]
OriginallyBloomingview,thenHuguenot Park
Stops all times Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Prince's Bay June 2, 1860[8] NYCT BusNYCT Bus: S55,S56,SIM25[131]
OriginallyLemon Creek,thenPrinces Bay
Stops all times Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Pleasant Plains June 2, 1860[8] NYCT BusNYCT Bus: S55,SIM26[131]
Stops all times Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Richmond Valley June 2, 1860[8] NYCT BusNYCT Bus:SIM26[131]
Access via first three cars[137]
Nassau c. 1924[8] January 21, 2017[138] Replaced by Arthur Kill[138]
Stops all times Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Arthur KillDisabled access January 21, 2017[138][83] NYCT BusNYCT Bus: S74, S78, S84[131]
Atlantic c.1909–1911[139] January 21, 2017[138] Replaced by Arthur Kill[138]
Stops all times Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only TottenvilleDisabled access June 2, 1860[8] NYCT BusNYCT Bus: S74, S78, S84[131]

Former stations

North Shore Branch

Main article:North Shore Branch

The North Shore Branch closed to passenger service at midnight on March 31, 1953.[8][50][51]A small portion of the western end is used for freight service as part of theExpressRailintermodalnetwork at theHowland Hook Marine Terminal.The network, which opened in 2007, connects to theChemical Coastafter crossing theArthur Kill Vertical Lift Bridge.[102][140]The North Shore Branch servedProcter & Gamble,[95]United States Gypsum,[141]shipbuilders and acar floatat Saint George Yard.[12]: 173 A smaller eastern portion, which provided seasonal passenger service to theRichmond County Bank Ballpark station(where theStaten Island Yankeesplayed), operated from June 24, 2001, to June 18, 2010.[142]In 2008, restoration was discussed along the mostly abandoned 6.1-mile (9.8 km) line as part of the island's light-rail plan.[126]Anenvironmental impact assessmentis being worked on for the implementation of a bus rapid transit line on the North Shore Branch.[143]

Tracks on the North Shore Branch eroding into the [[Kill Van Kull]]
The abandoned North Shore Branch, with theBayonne Bridgein the background
Miles Name Opened Closed Notes
0 St. George March 7, 1886
0.1 RCB Ballpark June 24, 2001 June 18, 2010[142]
0.7 New Brighton February 23, 1886[20]: 691  March 31, 1953[51]
1.2 Sailors' Snug Harbor February 23, 1886[20]: 691  March 31, 1953[51]
1.8 Livingston February 23, 1886[20]: 691  March 31, 1953[51]
2.4 West Brighton February 23, 1886[20]: 691  March 31, 1953[51]
3.0 Port Richmond February 23, 1886[20]: 691  March 31, 1953[51]
3.4 Tower Hill February 23, 1886[20]: 691  March 31, 1953[51]
3.9 Elm Park February 23, 1886[20]: 691  March 31, 1953[51]
4.3 Lake Avenue 1937[133] March 31, 1953[51]
4.6 Mariners Harbor Summer 1886 March 31, 1953[51] Originally named Erastina
4.9 Harbor Road 1935–1937[144] March 31, 1953[51]
5.2 Arlington 1889–1890 March 31, 1953[51]
6.1 Port Ivory 1906 1948[9]: 39 

South Beach Branch

Main article:South Beach Branch

The South Beach Branch opened on January 1, 1888, toArrochar,[22]: 257–258 [23]and was extended toSouth Beachin 1893.[24][27]The branch closed at midnight on March 31, 1953.[50][51]It was abandoned and demolished, except for a few segments: a concrete embankment at Clayton Street and Saint John's Avenue,[145]the Tompkins Avenue overpass,trestleover Robin Road inArrochar[146]and a filled-in bridge under McClean Avenue.[147][148]This 4.1-mile (6.6 km) line left the Main Line at40°37′08″N74°04′18″W/ 40.61889°N 74.07167°W/40.61889; -74.07167(south of the Clifton station), and was east of the Main Line. Although the right-of-way has been redeveloped, most of it is still traceable on maps; Lily Pond Avenue is built over the right of way where it passes under the Staten Island Expressway.[149]

The Robin Road trestle is the only remaining intact trestle along the former line. Developers purchased the land on either side of itsabutmentsduring the early 2000s, and the developers, theNew York City Department of Transportation,and theNew York City Transit Authorityall claimed ownership.Townhouseshave been built on both sides of the trestle.[149][150]

Rusting trestle over a one-way street
Abandoned trestle over Robin Road
Miles Name Opened Closed
2.0 Bachmann January 1, 1888[22]: 257–258 [23] 1937
2.1 Rosebank January 1, 1888[22]: 257–258 [23] March 31, 1953[51]
2.5 Belair Road January 1, 1888[22]: 257–258 [23] March 31, 1953[51]
2.7 Fort Wadsworth January 1, 1888[22]: 257–258 [23] March 31, 1953[51]
3.2 Arrochar January 1, 1888[22]: 257–258 [23] March 31, 1953[51]
3.5 Cedar Avenue 1931[151] March 31, 1953[51]
3.9 South Beach 1893[24] March 31, 1953[51]
4.1 Wentworth Avenue 1925[152] March 31, 1953[51]

Freight lines

Travis Branch

TheTravis Branch,fromArlington YardtoFresh Kills,runs along the island'sWest Shore.The branch was built in 1928 to serveGulf Oilalong theArthur Kill,south fromArlington Yardinto the marshes to Gulfport.[36]It was extended to Travis to serve the newConsolidated Edisonpower plant in 1957.[9]: 47 In 2005, the branch was renovated and extended from the old Con Edison plant to theStaten Island Transfer Stationat Fresh Kills; regular service to thetransfer stationbegan in April 2007.[102]

Mount Loretto Spur

TheMount Loretto Spuris an abandoned branch whose purpose was to serve theMount Loretto Children's Home.The spur diverged from the Main Line south ofPleasant Plains.[9]: 110 The B&O Railroad served the non-electrified branch, which had some industry and a passenger station, until 1950. Although its track was removed during the 1960s and 1970s, sometieswere visible until the 1980s. Acoal trestleis all that remains of the branch.[8]: 15 

West Shore Line

South of theRichmond Valley station,a non-electrified spur, branched off theTottenville-bound track. The spur, built in 1928, was called the West Shore Line by the B&O Railroad and delivered building materials to theOuterbridge Crossingconstruction site near Arthur Kill.[153]Years later, the track was used to serve a scrapyard owned by the Roselli Brothers.[9]: 111 This siding went out of service on June 14, 2011.[154]The track divided in two under Page Avenue, with the rails still in place.[155][156]The line's right-of-way, aneasementon property owned by Nassau Metals, was later used by CSX.[155]: 1–2 Although sections of the old tracks have been removed, others remain in the overgrowth.[157]

See also

Notes

  1. ^Seethis photo.The SIR bullet is shown at signage at the new Arthur Kill station.
  2. ^The others are thePATCO Speedline,theRedandBlue Linesof theChicago "L",and thePATHsystem.

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