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(7482) 1994 PC1

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(7482) 1994 PC1
Orbit with positions Jan 2020
Discovery[1]
Discovered byR. H. McNaught
Discovery siteSiding Spring Obs.
Discovery date9 August 1994
Designations
(7482)1994 PC1
1994 PC1
Apollo·NEO·PHA[1][2]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch2022-Jan-21 (JD2459600.5)
Uncertainty parameter0
Observation arc47.23 yr (17,251 days)
Earliestprecoverydate22 September 1974
Aphelion1.7935AU
Perihelion0.9042 AU
1.3488 AU
Eccentricity0.3297
1.56yr(572 days)
337.27°
0° 37m51.6s/ day
Inclination33.479°
117.88°
47.477°
EarthMOID0.00054 AU (0.21 LD)
MarsMOID0.139 AU (20.8 million km)[2]
Physical characteristics
1.052±0.303km[3]
1.30 km(calculated)[4]
2.5999h[5]
0.277±0.185[3]
0.20(assumed)[4]
SMASS=S[1][4]
16.6[1][4]·16.80±0.3[3]

(7482) 1994 PC1is a stonyasteroidandnear-Earth object,currently estimated to be the mostpotentially hazardous asteroidover the next 1000 years.[6][7]It is in theApollo group,approximately 1.1 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 9 August 1994, by astronomerRobert McNaughtat theSiding Spring Observatoryin Coonabarabran, Australia.[2]With anobservation arcof 47 years it has a very well known orbit and was observed byGoldstone radarin January 1997.[8]

Of all the known asteroids larger than 1 km,1994 PC1has the largest probability of a “deep close encounter” with us over the next 1000 years. It has a close encounter with Earth in2525,after which the uncertainty of its orbit increases.[6]

Orbit and classification

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1994 PC1orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.9–1.8AUonce every 1 years and 7 months (572 days). Its orbit has aneccentricityof 0.33 and aninclinationof 33°with respect to theecliptic.[1]

On 17 January 1933, it passed 811,350 km (504,150 mi) from theMoonand then about an hour later made its closest known approach to Earth of 1,125,400 km (699,300 mi).[1]On 18 January 2022, it passed about 1,981,468 km (1,231,227 mi) from Earth.[1]

Close approaches[1]
Date JPL SBDB
nominalgeocentric
distance 		uncertainty
region
(3-sigma)
1933-01-17 1125383km ± 65 km[a]
2022-01-18 1981468km ± 47 km[9]
2105-01-18 2328125km ± 1069 km[10]

Physical characteristics

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In theSMASS classification,1994 PC1is a common stonyS-type asteroid.[1][4]

Rotation period

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In 1998, a rotationallightcurveof1994 PC1was obtained from photometric observations byPetr Pravec.Lightcurve analysis gave a well-definedrotation periodof 2.5999 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.29magnitude(U=3).[5]

Diameter and albedo

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According to the survey carried out by theNEOWISEmission of NASA'sWide-field Infrared Survey Explorer,1994 PC1measures 1.052 kilometers in diameter and its surface has analbedoof 0.277.[3]TheCollaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Linkassumes an albedo of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 1.30 kilometers based on anabsolute magnitudeof 16.8.[4]

2022 flyby

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At 18 January 2022 21:51 UTC,1994 PC1passed 5.15lunar distancesfrom Earth[1]and had a3-sigmauncertainty region of less than ± 50 km.[9]It peaked at anapparent magnitude of about 10[11]placing it just outside the reach of common 7×50binoculars.The nearlyFull moonbeing about 100 degrees from the asteroid during closest approach may have made it more difficult to observe withsmaller telescopes.

2022 Moon/Earth approach
Date & Time Approach
to 		Nominaldistance
2022-01-18 18:58 Moon 2085780km[12]
2022-01-18 21:51 Earth 1981468km[1]
Animation of 1994 PC1 - 2022 close approach
Sun·Earth·1994 PC1
Sky trajectory with daily motion
History of close approaches of large near-Earth objects since 1908 (A)
PHA Date Approach distance (lunar dist.) Abs.
mag
(H) 		Diameter (C)
(m) 		Ref (D)
Nomi-
nal(B) 		Mini-
mum 		Maxi-
mum
(33342) 1998 WT24 1908-12-16 3.542 3.537 3.547 17.9 556–1795 data
(458732) 2011 MD5 1918-09-17 0.911 0.909 0.913 17.9 556–1795 data
(7482) 1994 PC1 1933-01-17 2.927 2.927 2.928 16.8 749–1357 data
69230 Hermes 1937-10-30 1.926 1.926 1.927 17.5 668–2158 data
69230 Hermes 1942-04-26 1.651 1.651 1.651 17.5 668–2158 data
(137108) 1999 AN10 1946-08-07 2.432 2.429 2.435 17.9 556–1795 data
(33342) 1998 WT24 1956-12-16 3.523 3.523 3.523 17.9 556–1795 data
(163243) 2002 FB3 1961-04-12 4.903 4.900 4.906 16.4 1669–1695 data
(192642) 1999 RD32 1969-08-27 3.627 3.625 3.630 16.3 1161–3750 data
(143651) 2003 QO104 1981-05-18 2.761 2.760 2.761 16.0 1333–4306 data
2017 CH1 1992-06-05 4.691 3.391 6.037 17.9 556–1795 data
(170086) 2002 XR14 1995-06-24 4.259 4.259 4.260 18.0 531–1714 data
(33342) 1998 WT24 2001-12-16 4.859 4.859 4.859 17.9 556–1795 data
4179 Toutatis 2004-09-29 4.031 4.031 4.031 15.3 2440–2450 data
2014 JO25 2017-04-19 4.573 4.573 4.573 17.8 582–1879 data
(137108) 1999 AN10 2027-08-07 1.014 1.010 1.019 17.9 556–1795 data
(35396) 1997 XF11 2028-10-26 2.417 2.417 2.418 16.9 881–2845 data
(154276) 2002 SY50 2071-10-30 3.415 3.412 3.418 17.6 714–1406 data
(164121) 2003 YT1 2073-04-29 4.409 4.409 4.409 16.2 1167–2267 data
(385343) 2002 LV 2076-08-04 4.184 4.183 4.185 16.6 1011–3266 data
(52768) 1998 OR2 2079-04-16 4.611 4.611 4.612 15.8 1462–4721 data
(33342) 1998 WT24 2099-12-18 4.919 4.919 4.919 17.9 556–1795 data
(85182) 1991 AQ 2130-01-27 4.140 4.139 4.141 17.1 1100 data
314082 Dryope 2186-07-16 3.709 2.996 4.786 17.5 668–2158 data
(137126) 1999 CF9 2192-08-21 4.970 4.967 4.973 18.0 531–1714 data
(290772) 2005 VC 2198-05-05 1.951 1.791 2.134 17.6 638–2061 data
(A)List includes near-Earth approaches of less than 5lunar distances(LD) of objects withHbrighter than 18.
(B)Nominalgeocentric distance from the Earth's center to the object's center (Earth radius≈0.017 LD).
(C)Diameter: estimated, theoretical mean-diameter based onHandalbedorange between X and Y.
(D)Reference: data source from theJPL SBDB,withAUconverted into LD (1 AU≈390 LD)
(E)Color codes:unobserved at close approachobserved during close approachupcoming approaches

Naming

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As of 2022, thisminor planethas not been named.[2]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^The 1933 approach is better constrained than the 2105 approach as a result of the 1974, 1977, 1980precoveryimages of the asteroid.[2]

References

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  1. ^abcdefghijkl"JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 7482 (1994 PC1)"(Under "Distance Units" select km for more sig figs). Jet Propulsion Laboratory.Retrieved12 January2022.
  2. ^abcde"7482 (1994 PC1)".Minor Planet Center.Retrieved12 January2022.
  3. ^abcdMainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; McMillan, R. S.; et al. (November 2012). "Physical Parameters of Asteroids Estimated from the WISE 3-Band Data and NEOWISE Post-Cryogenic Survey".The Astrophysical Journal Letters.760(1): 6.arXiv:1210.0502.Bibcode:2012ApJ...760L..12M.doi:10.1088/2041-8205/760/1/L12.S2CID41459166.
  4. ^abcdef"LCDB Data for (7482)".Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB).Retrieved2 November2017.
  5. ^abPravec, Petr; Wolf, Marek; Sarounová, Lenka (November 1998). "Lightcurves of 26 Near-Earth Asteroids".Icarus.136(1): 124–153.Bibcode:1998Icar..136..124P.doi:10.1006/icar.1998.5993.
  6. ^abCarter, Jamie (29 May 2023)."We Are (Probably) Safe From Asteroids For 1,000 Years, Say Scientists".Forbes.Retrieved29 September2024.
  7. ^Fuentes-Muñoz, Oscar; Scheeres, Daniel J.; Farnocchia, Davide; Park, Ryan S. (12 June 2023)."The Hazardous km-sized NEOs of the Next Thousands of Years".The Astronomical Journal.166(1): 10.arXiv:2305.04896.Bibcode:2023AJ....166...10F.doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acd378.ISSN1538-3881.
  8. ^"Asteroid Radar History".Jet Propulsion Laboratory.Retrieved12 January2022.
  9. ^ab"Horizons Batch for 2022-Jan-18 21:51 UT".JPL Horizons.Archivedfrom the original on 13 January 2022.Retrieved13 January2021.
  10. ^"Horizons Batch for 2105-Jan-18 12:28 UT".JPL Horizons.Archivedfrom the original on 13 January 2022.Retrieved13 January2021.
  11. ^"Earth Approach Jan 2022".JPL Horizons.Retrieved5 January2022.
  12. ^"Moon Horizons Batch for 2022-Jan-18 18:58 UT".JPL Horizons.Archivedfrom the original on 19 January 2022.Retrieved19 January2021.
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