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.ph

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.ph
Introduced14 September 1990
TLDtypecountry code top-level domain
StatusActive
RegistrydotPH Domains Inc.
SponsorPH Domain Foundation
Intended useEntities connected with thePhilippines
Actual useFairly popular in the Philippines
Registration restrictionsNone in general; some specific subdomains (.gov.ph,.mil.ph,.edu.ph) have restrictions; domain names are written in basic Latin alphabet without diacritics only.
StructureRegistration may be done at second level or at third level beneath generic-category 2nd level domains such as.com.ph
Dispute policiesdotPH Dispute Resolution Process[1][2]
DNSSECYes
Registry websitewww.dot.ph

.phis the Internetcountry code top-level domain(ccTLD) for thePhilippines.

The official domain registry of the.ph domain is dotPH Domains Inc.[3]dotPH holds and maintains the database of PH domain names, specifically.ph,.com.ph,.net.ph, and.org.ph.[4][5][6]Itsdomain name registrarsare not only individuals, businesses, and organizations in the Philippines, but also those in other parts of the world.[3]

The PH domain is currently administered by José Emmanuel "Joel" Disini,[7]who is also dotPH's current CEO.[8][9]Disini has been the domain administrator sinceJon Postelassigned him the domain in 1990.[10][11]The domain is sponsored by the PH Domain Foundation,[7]a social outreach arm of dotPH which was also founded by Disini together with a group of IT professionals in August 1999.[12]

In 1994, the administration of the.gov.ph domain was sub-delegated to theGovernment of the Philippines.[13]In like manner,.edu.ph was sub-delegated to the Philippine Network Foundation, Inc. (PHNET).[14]

Aside from being the registry, dotPH sells domains and web-related services such as web hosting, co-location, private registration and e-mail forwarding.[15][16]dotPH also offers a free referral service which connects Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises with a network of over 300 accredited professional Filipino web designers.[17]It formerly offered a free blogging service through.i.ph domains.[5][6]

History

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Birth of the.ph registry

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In 1989, Joel Disini founded the Email Company (EMC), one of the earliest Internet service providers in the Philippines.[18][19]At that time most networks (including EMC) were connected to the Internet viaUUCP.Disini's network had a UUCP connection toUUNET.This network connection, along with Disini's credentials as a Computer Science and Electrical Engineering graduate of Caltech and five-year experience in Macintosh Networking & Communications software development in Cupertino, California, became Jon Postel's basis for delegating the.ph domain to him.[11]The.ph country code top-level domain was officially delegated on September 14, 1990.[7]Since then,.ph domains have been commercially available to the public.[10][20]

In 1994, the PHNET wide-area network, a project funded byDOST,completed its development and was able to connect the Philippines to the rest of the world by establishing TCP/IP connections to the U.S. using 64 kbit/s international leased lines.[21]

At this point, the PHNET Foundation wanted to take over the administration of the.ph domain registry. Protracted negotiations took place, and eventually the responsibility of administrating the.edu.ph and.gov.ph domains were transferred to the PHNET Foundation and the Department of Science and Technology, respectively.[10]

At that time domain fees ranged from Php 450 to Php 1,350.[10]Domains registered during this period had no expiration and therefore had no renewal rates, thus the label lifetime domains.[22]However, a fee was charged for modifications to these domains. Lifetime domains were non-transferable, and were only valid for the lifetime of the original Registrant.

PH Domain Foundation and dotPH

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In August 1999 Disini and the technical people at EMC formed the PH Domain Foundation. It sought to promote the Internet and free unlimited email services in rural areas.[12]It also took charge of the domain selling business[23]and the management of the.ph domain registry.[7]

On October 1, 1999, the PH Domain Foundation launched a fully automated online system for domain registration. It also launched a flat.ph domain space, enabling people to register domains like "domainname.ph".[24][25]Lifetime domain registration was halted, and all domains registered after October 1 subsequently carried expiration dates. These domain owners had to pay a fee to renew their domains.[22]

At around this period, the "for-profit" business and technical side of the PH Domain Foundation became identified as dotPH. Activities related to domains and the business were now attributed to dotPH, such as the resolution on the dispute between Yahoo! Philippines and another Philippine company,[26]the launching of the automated online registration system,[25]and even the administration of the.ph domain registry itself. To this day, dotPH is the official domain registry of the Philippines.[15]

Other developments

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In 2000, dotPH developed a system called the Shared Registry System (SRS) which enableddomain name registrarsand ISP's to manage domains and accept registrations on their own website by connecting to the dotPH registry backend. This is done by downloading and installing on their server a module that does the actual communication with the registry backend using anXML-based protocol.[27]

dotPH also became one of the first Philippine websites to accept online credit card payments.[3]

Through the years, dotPH has expanded its offerings to more than just domain names. Becoming a Google Cloud Partner in 2016 allowed dotPH to offer cloud and collaboration solutions in addition to services such as web hosting, SSL certificates and website builders.[28]

dotPH currently uses theExtensible Provisioning Protocol(EPP), the most widely used protocol for communicating between Domain Registries and Registrars, to process domain registrations and renewals.

Notes

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  1. ^http://www.dot.ph/corporate/policies/uniform-dispute-resolution-policyArchivedSeptember 21, 2013, at theWayback Machine"dotPH Dispute Resolution policy". Retrieved on June 18, 2013.
  2. ^http://www.dot.ph/corporate/policies/icann-vs-dotph-udrpArchivedSeptember 21, 2013, at theWayback Machine"ICANN v. dotPH UDRP". Retrieved on June 18, 2013.
  3. ^abc"dotPH FAQ"ArchivedJuly 26, 2019, at theWayback Machine,"dotPH website". Retrieved on May 1, 2017.
  4. ^"Domain Name Service Agreement"ArchivedSeptember 27, 2020, at theWayback Machine"dotPH Policies". Retrieved on Aug 11, 2020.
  5. ^ab"dotPH releases world's first anonymous domain"ArchivedJanuary 30, 2011, at theWayback Machine,"dotPH News". Retrieved on May 30, 2008.
  6. ^abi.ph WebsiteArchivedJuly 9, 2008, at theWayback Machinedefunct.Retrieved on May 30, 2008.
  7. ^abcd".ph Whois information",Internet Assigned Numbers Authority.Retrieved on May 1, 2017.
  8. ^Disini, Joel."About Me",jed.i.ph.Retrieved on May 30, 2008.
  9. ^"Gov't. ICT Services Criticized"ArchivedJanuary 30, 2011, at theWayback Machine,"dotPH News". Retrieved on May 30, 2008.
  10. ^abcdThe PH Domain and the Need for Policy Reforms.Retrieved on May 30, 2008.
  11. ^abDisini, Joel (June 8, 2005)."My Reply To Winthrop Yu On His PICS Letter"ArchivedOctober 12, 2008, at theWayback Machine,jed.i.ph.Retrieved on May 30, 2008.
  12. ^ab"PH Domain Foundation Profile/Background"ArchivedSeptember 21, 2013, at theWayback Machine,PH Domain Foundation website.Retrieved on May 30, 2008.
  13. ^Whitepaper of PhilDAC
  14. ^PHNET website
  15. ^abdotPH website.Retrieved on May 1, 2017.
  16. ^dotPH ServicesArchivedSeptember 21, 2013, at theWayback Machine.Retrieved on June 13, 2013.
  17. ^dotPH Web Design ServicesArchivedJuly 26, 2019, at theWayback Machine.Retrieved on May 1, 2017.
  18. ^Garcia, Jing (July 1, 2001). "A Day In The Life Of Joel Disini",Manila StandardBusiness Sunday column. Quoted in full at thePH Domain FoundationArchivedSeptember 21, 2013, at theWayback Machinewebsite. Retrieved on May 30, 2008.
  19. ^Mallari, Rene (July 1, 2000)."Doing It Hard"ArchivedMay 12, 2013, at theWayback Machine,Cargonews Asia.Retrieved on May 31, 2008.
  20. ^"EMC Company Profile"ArchivedJuly 26, 2009, at theWayback Machine,EMC website.Retrieved on May 31, 2008.
  21. ^PHNET's historyArchivedMarch 3, 2016, at theWayback Machine,Philippine Network Foundation, Inc. website.Retrieved on May 30, 2008.
  22. ^ab"Manage Lifetime Domains"ArchivedOctober 8, 2011, at theWayback Machine,"dotPH website". Retrieved on May 31, 2008.
  23. ^Lewel, John (September 9, 1999)."Philippine Domain Registry Adopts Quicker Policy"ArchivedFebruary 9, 2019, at theWayback Machine,asia.internet.com.Retrieved on May 31, 2008.
  24. ^"PH Domain Foundation launches flat domain space, automated registration",Manila Bulletin,October 21, 1999. Quoted in full on Internet Toolbox Vol. 11, November 1–15, 1999 series at theWeb Dot Com Website Development Philippinessite (Web Archive copy). Retrieved on May 31, 2008.
  25. ^abRajendran, Joseph (October 20, 1999)."DotPH Introduces Flat Domain Names"ArchivedFebruary 9, 2019, at theWayback Machine,asia.internet.com.Retrieved on May 31, 2008.
  26. ^"Yet Another Yahoo! Dispute: Yahoo! Philippines wins dispute against local company",Financial Times Limited,May 22, 2001. Retrieved on January 2, 2014.
  27. ^"Registrar Program – Setup Your Registration Page"ArchivedOctober 13, 2016, at theWayback Machine,"dotPH website". Retrieved on May 31, 2008.
  28. ^"Products and Services | dotPH | Official Domain Registry of the Philippines".
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