1024
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1024 by topic |
|---|
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births–Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments–Disestablishments |
| Gregorian calendar | 1024 MXXIV |
| Ab urbe condita | 1777 |
| Armenian calendar | 473 ԹՎ ՆՀԳ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5774 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 945–946 |
| Bengali calendar | 431 |
| Berber calendar | 1974 |
| English Regnal year | N/A |
| Buddhist calendar | 1568 |
| Burmese calendar | 386 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6532–6533 |
| Chinese calendar | Quý hợiNiên (WaterPig) 3721 or 3514 — to — Giáp tử niên (WoodRat) 3722 or 3515 |
| Coptic calendar | 740–741 |
| Discordian calendar | 2190 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1016–1017 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4784–4785 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| -Vikram Samvat | 1080–1081 |
| -Shaka Samvat | 945–946 |
| -Kali Yuga | 4124–4125 |
| Holocene calendar | 11024 |
| Igbo calendar | 24–25 |
| Iranian calendar | 402–403 |
| Islamic calendar | 414–415 |
| Japanese calendar | Jian4 /Manju1 ( vạn thọ nguyên niên ) |
| Javanese calendar | 926–927 |
| Julian calendar | 1024 MXXIV |
| Korean calendar | 3357 |
| Minguo calendar | 888 beforeROC Dân tiền 888 niên |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −444 |
| Seleucid era | 1335/1336AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1566–1567 |
| Tibetan calendar | Âm thủy trư niên (female Water-Pig) 1150 or 769 or −3 — to — Dương mộc thử niên (male Wood-Rat) 1151 or 770 or −2 |
Year1024(MXXIV) was aleap year starting on Wednesday(link will display the full calendar) of theJulian calendar.
Events[edit]
January-March[edit]
- January 17–Abd al-Rahman V,Caliph of Córdoba is assassinated in a coup d'etat byMuhammad III of Córdoba.
- February 17– According to the cartulary-chronicle of theBèze Abbey(officially the Abbaye Saint-Pierre et Saint-Paul de Bèze) in theBurgundyregion of France, the brothers Girard and Lambert repent of their seizure of the village ofViévigneand restore the property to the Abbey "for the good of their souls".[1]
- March 9– InBambergin Germany, the Holy Roman Emperor issues an order to regulate the ongoing dispute between the ministries ofFuldaandHersfeld[2]
- March 23(9 Muharram 415 AH) – In the first example of the reversal of the policy of religious tolerance created by the late Fatimid Caliph al-Hakim, Egyptian Christian Abu Zakariyya is arrested on charges ofapostasy.Zakariyya, raised as aChristian,had converted toIslam,but then renounced Islam and converted back to Christianity, with immunity granted by al-Hakim. Zakariyya, apparently singled out for punishment is executed on October 14 (7 Shaban 415 CE).[3]
- March– Massud ibn Tahir al-Wazzan, thevizierof the Fatimid Caliphate of Egypt since 1019, is dismissed by the Caliphal-Zahir li-I'zaz Din Allah,and replaced by al-Rudhbari.[4]
April-June[edit]
- April 9–Pope Benedict VIII,formerly Theophylact II, Count of Tusculum, dies after a reign of 12 years atRome.
- April 19– Romano de Tusculana, Count of Tusculum and the brother of the late Pope Benedict, arrives in Rome to become the 144thpopeof theRoman Catholic Church,and takes the namePope John XIX.
- May 4(20 Safar 415) – The Ambassador fromKhorasanto Egypt is received at Cairo by the Caliph al-Zahir.
- May 13– Fujiwara no Takako, daughter of influential Japanese statesmanFujiwara no Michinaga,is married to Minamoto no Morofusa.
- June– Bedouins led by Abd Alla Ibn Idris al-Ja'fari attack the towns of Ayla and al-'Arish in southern Palestine after the Fatimids of Egypt refuse to restore al-Ja'fari as the Governor of the Wadi al-Qura.[5]
July-September[edit]
- July 13– EmperorHenry II, Holy Roman Emperordies in his imperial palace atGöttingeninGermany.Henry leaves no heirs. He has deliberately made no provision for a successor, "leaving that regulation in the hands of God", and his death ends theOttonian dynasty,[6]and plans are made to elect a new Emperor in September.
- July 17– In Japan, theManju( vạn thọ ) era begins.
- July 27–Thu'ban ibn Muhammadbecomes the new Fatimid Governor of Aleppo.
- August 23(17th day of 7th month of 1 Manju) – While Emperor Goichijo attends a sumo match in the Shishinden hall behind the Ichijo-in Temple, a fight breaks out between Judge Fujiwara Keisuke and Minamoto no Shigeto, leader of the Kurando Shikibu.[7]
- August 27(17 Jumada II 415) – TheCairoCanal is opened in Fatimid Egypt in a ceremony that includes the Caliph al-Zahir.[8]
- August 29(19 Jumada II 415) – In the wake of a famine striking Egypt, Yaqub ibn al-Dawwas issues an edict on the first day of the Coptic Christian new year, prohibiting the slaughter of cattle and announces that violators will forfeit their life and their property.[8]
- August–
- Anushtakin al-Dizbari,the Fatimid Governor ofPalestine,confronts the BedouinJarrahids,sending troops to collect the taxes from the iqtaʿ(fief) of the Bayt Jibrin, led by Hassan ibn Mufarrij.[9]The Jarrahids kill the collectors. Anushtakin retaliates by imprisoning two of Hassan's senior aides in Ascalon and gains permission from Caliph az-Zahir to attack Hassan while the latter is incapacitated by illness.
- The Jarrahids, led by Hassan ibn Mufarrij, invade Palestine and attack the city ofTiberias,pillaging the town and killing civilians.[10]
- September 1–Basil Boioannes,Byzantine general and governor of theCatapanate of Italy,sails fromBariacross the Adriatic Sea to begin an invasion of Croatia, ruled by Krešimir III. He later takes Kresimir's wife as a hostage, transporting her toBariand then toConstantinopleas a hostage.
- September 4–Conrad the Elderis elected as the newKing of Germanyby an assembly of imperial princes and nobles at Kamba, receiving more votes than his cousinConrad the Younger,son ofConrad I, Duke of Carinthia
- September 8– Conrad the Elder is crowned as King Conrad II of Germany in a ceremony atMainz,and he and Conrad the Younger are invested as joint dukes ofFranconia.
- September 11(4 Rajab 415) – Ibn Dawwas is fired from his job of administering food relief in Egypt, and replaced by Baqiyy, described as "a black slave who also managed the twoshurtas"(food supplies)of Fustat and Cairo; Baqiyy is fired only two days later as the food crisis worsens, and Ibn Dawwas is rehired.[11]
- September 21–Gisela of Swabia,wife of Conrad II, is crowned as the Queen consort of Germany by Archbishop Pilgrim in a ceremony atCologne.The royal couple then make a tour of Germany, traveling toAachen(9/23), Nijmegen, Liege (10/2), Gendt (11/14), Dortmund and Minden.[12]
- September–
- In India, Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni begins his 12th, and final, expedition of plunder, departing with a cavalry of 30,000 troops, toward Multan, followed by Ajmer and Anhilvada, arriving at Somnath on January 30.[13]
- Anushtakin al-Dizbari of Palestine leads an expedition in the mountains aroundNablusto apprehend the Bedouin leader Hassan ibn Mufarrij. However, the latter, with 3,000 of his horsemen, repulses Anushtakin, who retreats toRamla,the capital of Palestine. Hassan and his troops then arrive at Ramla and burn the capital.[14]
October—December[edit]
- October–
- Salih ibn Mirdas's forces, led by Ibn Tawq, advance againstAleppoand fight sporadic engagements with the Fatimid troops of governors Thu'ban and Mawsuf.[15]Salih and the Bedouins camp outside ofBab al-Jinanand demand surrender from the lead Islamic judge of the city, Ibn Abi Usama, and are refused.[15]: 62 [16]: 97
- TheBanu Kalb,underSinan ibn Ulayyanbegins its siege of Damascus
- The Tayy takes over Ramla, capital of Palestine.
- November 22(17 Ramadan 415 AH) – The siege of Aleppo is started bySalih ibn Mirdasand an army of Bedouin warriors. after a siege of more than 50 days, and heavy casualties on both sides.[17][18]After a siege of more than 50 days, Aleppo surrenders on January 18, 1025 (13 Dhu al-Qa'da 415 AH).[19]
- November– After a 20 day of siege, Mansur I, formerly the Emir ofDerbentrecaptures the capital from the Emir Yazid ibn Ahmad with help from the Christian state ofSarir.[20]
- December 17– The monastery ofGrottaferrata,outside ofRome,is consecrated by Pope John XIX and dedicated to the Virgin Mary.[21]
- December 29– The Fatimid caliph celebrates theEid al-Fitrin an elaborate ceremony at the Anwar Mosque, as recounted later by the Amir al-Musabbihi.[22]
- December– Sultan al-Dawla, Emir of Fars, dies and is succeeded byAbu Kalijar.[23]
By place[edit]
Europe[edit]
- Byzantineexpedition to invadeSicily:GovernorAhmed al-Akhalappeals to theZiridsofIfriqiyafor help. They dispatch a fleet, but these are caught up in a storm and destroyed nearPantelleria.
- Battle of Lemnos:KievanVikingraiders (800 men) sail through the straits atAbydosto theAegean Sea.From there they make for the island ofLemnos,but are defeated by a Byzantine fleet of theCibyrrhaeot Theme.[24]
- Roger I of Tosny,a Normannobleman,leaves the battlefield of theEbro Valleyafter terrorising theSaracensand capturing several towns and castles during theReconquistain theIberian Peninsula(modernSpain).[25]
Asia[edit]
- JapanesewakapoetDaini no Sanmi,lady-in-waiting to dowager GrandEmpress Shōshi,is married toFujiwara no Kanetaka.
- JapanesewakapoetSagamidivorces, returns toKyotoand becomes a lady-in-waiting to Imperial Princess Shushi.
- Murder of the daughter of the late JapaneseEmperor Kazan,a lady-in-waiting to Shōshi who orders an investigation.
- Jiaozi,the world's firstpaper-printed money,which later greatly benefits theeconomy of the Song dynasty,originates in theSichuanprovince ofChina.
- SultanMahmud of Ghaznisacks theHindureligious center ofSomnathand takes away a booty of 20 milliondinars(approximate date).
Births[edit]
- May 13–Hugh the Great,abbot ofCluny(d.1109)
- Al-Kunduri,vizier of theSeljuk Empire(d.1064)
- Bruno II,margrave ofFriesland(d.1057)
- Fu Yaoyu,Chinese official and politician (d.1091)
- Iziaslav I,Grand Prince ofKiev(d.1078)
- Magnus the Good,king ofNorway(d.1047)
Deaths[edit]
- April 9–Benedict VIII,pope of theCatholic Church
- July 13–Henry II,Holy Roman Emperor (b.973)
- Abd ar-Rahman V,Umayyad caliph ofCórdoba
- Alpert of Metz,FrenchBenedictinechronicler
- Brihtwine,bishop ofWells(approximate date)
- Choe Hang,civil minister ofGoryeo(Korea)
- Cúán úa Lothcháin,Irish poet andChief Ollam
- Hugbert(or Hukbrecht), bishop ofMeissen
- Sultan al-Dawla,Buyid emir ofFars(b. 993)
References[edit]
- ^The Cartulary-Chronicle of St-Pierre of Bèze,ed. by Constance Brittain Bouchard (University of Toronto Press, 2019) p.188
- ^.Boyd H. Hill, Jr,Medieval Monarchy in Action: The German Empire from Henry I to Henry IV(Taylor & Francis, 2019)
- ^Yaacov Lev,Administration of Justice in Medieval Egypt: From the 7th to the 12th Century(Edinburgh University Press, 2020)
- ^Michael Brett,The Fatimid Empire(Edinburgh University Press, 2017)
- ^"Turks in the Political and Military Life of Eleventh-Century Egypt and Syria", by Yaacov Lev, inThe Influence Of Human Mobility In Muslim Societies,ed. by Kuroki Hidemitsu (Taylor & Francis, 2013) p.47
- ^Herbert Schutz,The Medieval Empire in Central Europe: Dynastic Continuity in the Post-Carolingian Frankish Realm, 900-1300(Cambridge Scholars Publisher, 2010) p. 109
- ^"Fighting Nobles: The Tale of Genji Behind the Heian Dynasty", by Shinichi Shigeta,Kashiwa Shobo(September 2005), p.15
- ^abYaacov Lev,State and Society in Fatimid Egypt(BRILL, 2022) p.171
- ^Lev, Yaacov (2003)."Turks in the Political and Military Life of Eleventh-Century Egypt and Syria".In Hidemitsu, Kuroki (ed.).The Influence of Human Mobility in Muslim Societies.Kegan Paul. p. 48.ISBN0710308027.
- ^"Tiberias, From Its Foundation to the End of the Early Islamic Period", by Katia Cyrtryn-Silverman, inGalilee in the Late Second Temple and Mishnaic Periods: The Archaeological Record from Cities, Towns, and Villages,ed. by David A. Fiensy and James Riley Strange, Volume 2 (Fortress Press, 2015) p.188
- ^Ahmad Ghabin,Ḥisba: Arts and Craft in Islam(Harrassowitz, 2009) p.65
- ^Herwig Wolfram,Conrad II, 990-1039: Emperor of Three Kingdoms(Pennsylvania State University Press, 2010) pp.56-59
- ^Henry Beveridge,A Comprehensive History of India(1871, reprinted by Anatiposi Verlag, 2023)pp.48-49
- ^"Palestine", inMedieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia,ed. by Josef W. Meri (Taylor & Francis, 2005) p.591
- ^abAmabe, Fukuzo (2016).Urban Autonomy in Medieval Islam: Damascus, Aleppo, Cordoba, Toledo, Valencia and Tunis.Leiden: Brill.ISBN978-90-04-31598-3.: 61–62
- ^Zakkar, Suhayl (1971).The Emirate of Aleppo: 1004–1094.Beirut: Dar al-Amanah.OCLC759803726.
- ^Amabe 2016,p. 61.
- ^Zakkar 1971,p. 97.
- ^Fukuzo Amabe,Urban Autonomy in Medieval Islam: Damascus, Aleppo, Cordoba, Toledo, Valencia and Tunis(BRILL, 2016)
- ^Minorsky, Vladimir (1958).A History of Sharvān and Darband in the 10th-11th Centuries.University of Michigan. p. 31.ISBN978-1-84511-645-3.
- ^"Grottaferrata", by Darrell D. Davisson, inMedieval Italy: An Encyclopedia(Taylor & Francis, 2004)
- ^"Social elites at the Fatimid court", by Paul E. Walker, inCourt Cultures in the Muslim World Seventh to Nineteenth Centuries(Taylor & Francis, 2014)
- ^Muhammad Nazim,The Life and Times of Sultan Mahmud of Ghazna(Cambridge University Press, 2014) p.13
- ^Wortley, John, ed. (2010).John Skylitzes: A Synopsis of Byzantine History, 811–1057.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 347.ISBN978-0-521-76705-7.
- ^Boissonade, B. (1934)."Les premières croisades françaises en Espagne. Normands, Gascons, Aquitains et Bourguignons (1018-1032)".Bulletin Hispanique.36(1): 5–28.doi:10.3406/hispa.1934.2607.