1118
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| Years: |
| 1118 by topic |
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| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births–Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments–Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1118 in poetry |
Year1118(MCXVIII) was acommon year starting on Tuesday(link will display the full calendar) of theJulian calendar.
Events
[edit]By place
[edit]Byzantine Empire
[edit]- August 15– EmperorAlexios I Komnenosdies after a 37-year reign, in which he has regained control over westernAnatolia(modernTurkey). He stabilizes his frontiers against the wars with theNormansin the westernBalkans,and theSeljuk Turksin the East. Alexios is succeeded by his 30-year-old son,John II Komnenos(the Good), as ruler of theByzantine Empire.
Europe
[edit]British Isles
[edit]- Enna mac Donnchada mac Murchada becomesKing of DublininIreland.
- Cu Faifne mac Congalaig becomesKing of Uí Failghein Ireland.
- Maelsechlainn Ua Faelain becomesKing of the Déisi Mumanin Ireland.
- Thecantrefsof Rhos and Rhufoniog are annexed byGruffudd ap Cynan,King of GwyneddinWales.
- TheArchbishop of Yorkis no longer required to be crowned by theArchbishop of Canterbury.
- Reconstruction begins onPeterborough Cathedralin England, destroyed by fire in1116.[2]
Eastern Europe
[edit]- Đorđe, Vojislavljevićruler of Serbia,is overthrown by Uroš I of Raška.
- George I of Dukljais overthrown by his cousinGrubeša.
- Radostl becomesBishop of Krakow.
- Zbraslav,now part ofPrague,is founded.
- Sylvester of Kievbecomes bishop ofPereiaslav.
France
[edit]- A rebellion againstHenry I of Englandbreaks out inNormandy.
- Alberich of Rheims becomes Master at theschool of Rheims.
- Charles I, Count of Flandersmarries Margaret of Clermont.
- Peter AbelardandHéloïse d'Argenteuilhave a child and marry secretly in Paris. Her uncle Fulbert has Abelardcastrated,and both Abelard and Héloïse enter religious orders.[3]
- Amaury IV of Montfort divorces his wife Richilde, daughter ofBaldwin II, Count of Hainaut.
- Wulgrin IIIbecomesCount of Angoulême.
- Gervais becomesCount of Rethel.
- MontlhéryCastle is dismantled byLouis VI of France.
Germany
[edit]- Magdeburgis almost destroyed by fire.
- Reichenbach Abbeyis founded.
- Zwickau,Eisenstadt,Kirchgandern,andWolfenbüttelare first mentioned.
- Otto of Bambergis suspended by the Pope, andNorbert of Xantendefends himself against charges ofheresy,at the Synod ofFritzlar.
Italy
[edit]- January 24–Pope Gelasius IIsucceedsPope Paschal IIas the 161stpope.
- March 10–Gregory VIIIis electedantipope.
- September 26–Pisa Cathedralin theMarch of Tuscanyis consecrated by Pope Gelasius II.
- The restoration ofSanta Maria in Cosmedinbegins.
- The economic competition betweenMilanandComodrives the two cities to war.
Scandinavia
[edit]- Upon the death of his brotherPhilip,Inge the Youngerbecomes sole king of Sweden.
- Þorlákur RunólfssonbecomesBishop of Skálholt.
Spain
[edit]- TheAlmoravidslose their control of theEbrovalley:
- PopeGelasius IIgrants the status ofCrusadeto the Christian effort in the Ebro Valley, attracting numerousGascon,OccitanandNormanknights.[4]
- December 18–Alfonso the Battlerexpels theMoorsfromZaragoza.The Aragonese reconquer many of the valleys of theJalónand theJiloca.[5]
- The troops ofRamon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona,led byarchbishopOleguer Bonestruga,captureTarragonafrom theMoors.[6]
East Asia
[edit]- TheGenei erabegins inJapan.
- The Zenghe era ofEmperor Huizong of Song Chinaends, and the Chonghe era begins.
- The Yongning era ofEmperor Chongzong of Western Xiaends.
Caucasus
[edit]- David IV of GeorgiacapturesLorifrom theSeljuk Turks.
- David IV of Georgiasettles a number ofKipchaks in Georgia.
Western Asia
[edit]- June 11–Roger of Salerno,Prince of Antioch,capturesAzazfrom theSeljuk Turks.
- TheByzantinegeneral Philocales capturesSardis,from the SeljukSultanate of Rûm.
- Baldwin I of JerusaleminvadesEgypt.
- Baldwin of Le Bourgsucceeds his cousinBaldwin I,asKing of Jerusalem.
- Roman of Le Puybecomes lord ofOultrejordain.
- Joscelin Isucceeds Baldwin of Le Bourg, asCount of Edessa.
- Garmond of PicquignybecomesLatin Patriarch of Jerusalem.
- Suleyman I ibn al-Ghazi becomesemir of Aleppo.
- Ahmed SanjarandMahmud IIproclaim themselves rivalSeljuksultans,upon the death ofMehmed I of Great Seljuk.
- Al-MustarshidbecomesAbbasidcaliph.
- Bahram Shah becomesGhaznavid Emperor.
South Asia
[edit]- June 29– Vikram Chola becomes regent of theCholakingdom.
- Battle of Kennagal: TheHoysala Empiredefeats theChalukya.
Births
[edit]- November 28–Manuel I Komnenos,Byzantine emperor (d.1180)
- Ahmad al-Rifa'i,Arab founder of theRifa'iSufiOrder
- Andronikos I Komnenos,Byzantine emperor (d.1185)
- Christina of Denmark,queen ofNorway(approximate date)
- Gualdim Pais,Portuguese knight andGrand Master(d.1195)
- Hartwig of Stade,archbishop ofBremen(d.1168)
- Narathu,Burmese ruler of thePagan Kingdom(d.1171)
- Nur ad-Din,Seljuk ruler ofDamascusandAleppo(d.1174)
- Odo II,Frenchnobleman(House of Burgundy) (d.1162)
- Roger III,Norman duke ofApulia and Calabria(d.1148)
- Roger of Worcester,English bishop (approximate date)
- Saigyō Hōshi,Japanese poet and writer (d.1190)
- Taira no Kiyomori,Japanese military leader (d.1181)
- Vakhtang(orTsuata), Georgian nobleman (d.1138)
Deaths
[edit]
- January 21–Paschal II,pope of theCatholic Church
- April 2–Baldwin I(of Boulogne), king ofJerusalem
- April 16
- Adelaide del Vasto,countess ofSicily
- William d'Évreux,Norman nobleman
- May 1–Matilda of Scotland,queen ofEngland(b. c.1080)[7]
- June 5–Robert de Beaumont,1stEarl of Leicester
- July 3–Raymond of Toulouse,Frenchchanter
- August 6–Al-Mustazhir,Abbasid caliph (b.1078)
- August 15–Alexios I Komnenos,Byzantine emperor
- November 28–Philippa,French noblewoman
- Al-Tighnari,Arabbotanistand physician (b.1073)
- Anseau of Garlande,French nobleman (b.1069)
- Arnulf of Chocques,patriarch of Jerusalem
- Arslan-Shah,sultan of theGhaznavid Empire
- Basil the Physician,Bogomil religious leader
- Bernard II(orWilliam), count ofCerdanya
- Diarmait Ua Briain,king ofMunster
- Florence of Worcester,English monk
- Fujiwara no Nakazane,Japanese nobleman (b.1057)
- Furong Daokai,ChineseBuddhistmonk (b.1043)
- George of Chqondidi,Georgian archbishop
- Gissur Ísleifsson,Icelandic bishop
- Helperich,margrave of theNordmark
- Hugh I,French nobleman (b.1040)
- Jaquinta of Bari,queen ofDuklja
- Lidanus,LombardBenedictineabbot (b.1026)
- Maria of Alania,Byzantine empress (b.1053)
- Milo II of Montlhéry,French nobleman
- Muhammad I(Tapar), Seljuk sultan (b.1082)
- Philip,king ofSweden(House of Stenkil)
- Ruaidrí na Saide Buide,king ofConnacht
- Vladimir II,king of Duklja (approximate date)
- William V of Angoulême,French nobleman
References
[edit]- ^Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992).The Chronology of British History.London: Century Ltd. pp. 59–60.ISBN0-7126-5616-2.
- ^"Peterborough Cathedral website".RetrievedDecember 19,2007.
- ^The Letters of Abelard and Heloise(Revised ed.). London: Penguin. 2003. p.x.ISBN978-0-140-44899-3.
- ^Stalls, Clay (1995).Possessing the land: Aragon's expansion into Islam's Ebro frontier under Alfonso the Battler, 1104-1134.Brill. p. viii.ISBN90-04-10367-8.
- ^Gilbert Meynier (2010)L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658-1518).Paris: La Découverte; pp.86.
- ^McGrank, Lawrence (1981). "Norman crusaders and the Catalan reconquest: Robert Burdet and te principality of Tarragona 1129-55".Journal of Medieval History.7(1): 67–82.doi:10.1016/0304-4181(81)90036-1.
- ^"5 forgotten queens and princesses of Scotland".www.scotsman.com.RetrievedMay 4,2022.