1140s in England
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Events from the1140s inEngland.
Incumbents[edit]
Events[edit]
- 1140
- December –The Anarchy:EarlRanulf of ChestercapturesLincoln.[1]
- Dryburgh Abbeyfounded.[1]
- 1141
- 2 February – The Anarchy: At theFirst Battle of Lincoln,Robert, 1st Earl of GloucesterandEmpress Matildawrest control of the throne fromKing Stephen,who is captured and imprisoned.[1]
- 8 April – The Anarchy: Matilda is proclaimed "Lady of the English".[1]
- 24 June – The Anarchy: Matilda is forced to fleeWestminsterduring a royal banquet, and flees toOxford.[1]
- July – The Anarchy:Matilda I of Boulogne,wife of Stephen, recaptures London.[1]
- 14 September – The Anarchy:Rout of Winchester:Robert of Gloucester captured by forces loyal to Stephen during fighting atWinchester.[1]
- 1 November – The Anarchy: Stephen and Robert exchanged as prisoners ending the reign of Matilda.[1]
- 1142
- Matilda grants the church ofOakley, Buckinghamshire,with its chapels ofBrill,BoarstallandAddingrove,to the monks of thePriory of St Frideswide, Oxford.
- Matilda's sonHenrycomes to England for the first time.[1]
- In 1142, a group ofAnglo-Normanindependent crusadersled by William and Ralph Vitalus helped KingAfonso I Henriquesof Portugal on a failedSiege of Lisbon (1142)before continuing on their way to the Holy Land.[2]
- 26 September – The Anarchy: Stephen captures Oxford, and besieges Matilda inside the castle.[1]
- December – The Anarchy: Matilda escapes fromOxford Castleacross the snow in a white cape for camouflage, according toHenry of Huntingdon.[3]
- 1143
- 1 July – The Anarchy:Battle of Wilton–Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester,defeats Stephen atWilton.
- The Anarchy:Geoffrey de Mandeville,a supporter of Matilda, is deprived of his castles inEssex,but subsequently capturesElyand campaigns inCambridgeshire.[1]
- Robert of Kettonmakes the first European translation of theQur'anintoLatin.[4]
- 1144
- 11 February –Robert of Chestercompletes the translation ofBook on the Composition of AlchemyfromArabicto Latin. It is the first book in Europe to describealchemy.[5]
- 22 March – A youngapprentice,William of Norwich,is murdered, a crime attributed to theJewsby theNorwichmob, the first knownmedievalaccusation ofblood libel against Jews.
- 28 November–24 December – theSiege of Edessaby Muslims led byImad ad-Din Zengieliminates the Crusader principality ofOutremer,the news causing the pope to preach a new Crusade.
- Matilda's husbandGeoffrey V of Anjou,completes the conquest ofNormandy.[1]
- 1145
- The Anarchy: Stephen capturesFaringdon Castle.[1]
- Woburn Abbeyfounded.[6]
- Robert of Chestermakes the first translation of analgebratext from Arabic into Latin.[1]
- 1146
- The Anarchy: Ranulf of Chester is captured, but released after surrendering his castles.[1]
- Many knights and barons leave England to take part in theSecond Crusade.[1]
- 1147
- The Anarchy: Henry arrives in England to fight for Matilda, but is defeated in skirmishes, and returns to Normandy.[1]
- The Anarchy: Ranulf of Chester lays waste to the land aroundCoventry,but fails to capture the city itself.[1]
- Late Spring – An expedition of Crusaders leaves fromDartmouth, Devon,for theSecond Crusadeto theHoly Land,Englishmen together with forces fromFlanders,Frisia,Scotlandand some German polities. Leadership is provided byHervey de Glanvill,a Norman nobleman and constable ofSuffolk,who leads a fleet of some 200 ships. Bad weather forces them to take refuge at the mouth of theDouroin Portugal on 16 June.
- 24 October – English crusaders captureLisbonfrom theMoors.[1]
- 1148
- 1149
- 22 May – KingDavid I of Scotlandknights Henry, and cedes northernLancashireto Ranulf of Chester, in return for control ofCarlisle.[1]
- KingDavid I of Scotlandattempts towrest controlof theBishopric of Durhamand theArchbishopric of Yorkfrom Stephen, but fails.
Births[edit]
- 1140
- 1146
- William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke,soldier and statesman (died1219)
- 1147
Deaths[edit]
- 1140
- 6 February –Thurstan,Archbishop of York(born c. 1070 in Normandy)
- 1141
- 1142
- Orderic Vitalis,chronicler (born1075)
- 1143
- William of Malmesbury,historian (born1080)
- 1144
- 1147
- 31 October –Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester,politician (born c.1090)
- 1148
- 3 January –Anselm of St Saba,abbot of Bury St Edmunds (born 1136 in Italy)
- 6 January –William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey(born1119;killed on crusade)
- 30 January (approximate date) –Serlo (abbot of Cirencester)
- Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke(born c.1100)
References[edit]
- ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuPalmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992).The Chronology of British History.London: Century Ltd. pp. 63–65.ISBN0-7126-5616-2.
- ^Lucas Villegas-Aristizábal (2013),"Revisiting the Anglo-Norman Crusaders’ Failed Attempt to Conquer Lisbon c. 1142,"Portuguese Studies29:1 (2013), pp. 7-20.
- ^King, Edmund.The Anarchy of King Stephen's Reign.p. 5.Retrieved2007-12-18.
- ^Williams, Hywel (2005).Cassell's Chronology of World History.London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp.122–123.ISBN0-304-35730-8.
- ^Holmyard, Eric John.Alchemy.p. 106.Retrieved2007-12-18.
- ^"Woburn Abbey website".Archived fromthe originalon 2007-10-22.Retrieved2007-12-18.