1181
(Redirected from1181 in Japan)
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| 1181 by topic |
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| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
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| Art and literature |
| 1181 in poetry |
Year1181(MCLXXXI) was acommon year starting on Thursday(link will display the full calendar) of theJulian calendar.
Events
[edit]By place
[edit]Europe
[edit]- KingPhilip II(Augustus) annuls all loans made byJewsto Christians, and takes a percentage for himself. A year later, he confiscates all Jewish property and expels the Jews fromParis.[1]
- Philip II begins a war againstPhilip of Alsace,count ofFlanders,over theVermandois.He claims the territory for his wifeIsabella of Hainaultas her dowry. Philip is unwilling to give it up.[2]
- Henry the Lion,duke ofSaxony,submits to EmperorFrederick I(Barbarossa) at anImperial DietinErfurt.He is banished toEnglandand retains onlyBrunswickamong his former lands.[3]
- KingBéla IIIofHungaryandCroatiagoes to war withVenicein an effort to recoverDalmatia.The city ofZadar(located on theAdriatic Sea)acceptsBéla's suzerainty.[4]
- After a series of defeats, theAlmohadfleet under the admiral Ahmad al-Siqilli, crushes the Portuguese navy and reasserts its control over theAtlantic Ocean.[5]
- The wordAlbigensiansis first used byGeoffroy du Breuil of Vigeois,Frenchabbotand chronicler, to describe the inhabitants ofAlbiin southernFrance.
Britain
[edit]- KingHenry IIremovesHugh de Lacy,lord ofMeath,from his position as procurator ofIreland,possibly because of his having married the daughter of High KingRuaidrí Ua Conchobair.
Levant
[edit]- Summer –Raynald of Châtillon,lord ofOultrejordain,raidsSaladin's territory, reaching as far asTabuk(modernSaudi Arabia) on the route betweenDamascusandMecca.In November, Saladin sends an expedition under his nephew,Farrukh Shah,who invades Oultrejordain. Raynald of Châtillon is forced to withdraw home. Saladin complains to KingBaldwin IV of Jerusalem(the Leper) for breaking the treaty (see1180) and demands compensation.[6]
Asia
[edit]- March 20–Taira no Kiyomori,Japanese military leader and dictator, dies atKyoto.He established the firstsamurai-dominated administrative government inJapan.
- Jayavarman VIIdefeats theChamsand assumes control over theKhmer Empire(modernCambodia).
- TheYōwaera is marked byfaminein Japan, during the period from July 1181 through May1182.
By topic
[edit]Religion
[edit]- August 30– PopeAlexander IIIdies after a 22-yearpontificateatRome.He is succeeded by theTuscany-bornLucius IIIas the 171st pope of theCatholic Church.
Science
[edit]- January –William VIII of Montpellierfrees the teaching ofmedicinefrom any monopoly in France,[7]an origin of theUniversity of Montpellier.
- Chinese and Japanese astronomers observe what has come to be understood assupernovaSN 1181.One of only eight supernovae in theMilky Wayobserved in recorded history. It appears in the constellationCassiopeiaand is visible in the night sky for about 185 days. The radio source3C58was thought to be the remnant from this event, but opinion is shifting towards the recently discovered nebula Pa 30 (ref: Arxiv 2105.12384).
Births
[edit]- March 22–Ibn al-Farid,Arab poet and writer (d.1234)
- June 21–Huijong,Korean ruler ofGoryeo(d.1237)
- Irene Angelina,queen ofGermanyandSicily(d.1208)
- Marino Morosini,doge ofVenice(House of Morosini) (d.1253)
- Mathilde of Angoulême,Frenchnoblewoman(d.1233)
- Xian Zong,Chinese emperor ofWestern Xia(d.1226)
Deaths
[edit]- January 30–Takakura,emperor ofJapan(b.1161)
- March 16–Henry I(the Liberal), French nobleman (b.1127)
- March 20–Taira no Kiyomori,Japanese military leader (b.1118)
- March 13–Simon III de Montfort,French nobleman (b.1117)
- April 1–Ulrich II von Treven,patriarch ofAquileia
- April 5–Ramon Berenguer III,count ofProvence
- June 30–Hugh de Kevelioc,English politician (b.1147)
- August 30–Alexander III,pope of theCatholic Church
- September 27–Guichard of Pontigny,French archbishop
- October 4–Herman II,German nobleman (House of Sponheim)
- October 23–Adela of Meissen,queen consort ofDenmark
- November 26–Roger de Pont L'Évêque,Norman archbishop
- December 3–Galgano Guidotti,Italian nobleman (b.1148)
- Adam the Welshman,Welsh theologian and bishop (b.1130)
- As-Salih Ismail al-Malik,Zangid ruler ofDamascus(b.1163)
- Lucas(orLuke), archbishop ofEsztergom(b.1120)[8]
- Serlo of Wilton,English poet and writer (b.1105)
- Zhang Shi,ChineseConfucianscholar (b.1133)
References
[edit]- ^Baldwin, John (2006).Paris 1200.Paris: Aubier. p. 75.
- ^Bradbury, Jim. (1997).Philip Augustus: King of France 1180–1223,p. 245. The Medieval World (1st ed.). Routledge.ISBN978-0-582-06059-3.
- ^Williams, Hywel (2005).Cassell's Chronology of World History,p. 128.ISBN0-304-35730-8.
- ^Stephenson, Paul (2000).Byzantium's Balkan Frontier: A Political Study of the Northern Balkans, 900–1204,p. 281. Cambridge University Press.ISBN978-0-521-02756-4.
- ^Picard, Christophe (1997).La mer et les musulmans d'Occident VIIIe-XIIIe siècle.Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
- ^Steven Runciman (1952).A History of The Crusades. Vol II: Kingdom of Jerusalem,p. 351.ISBN978-0241-29876-3.
- ^Mélanges d'histoire de la médecine hébraïque,by Gad Freudenthal, Samuel S. Kottek, Paul Fenton compiled by Gad Freudenthal, Samuel S. Kottek published by Brill, 2002ISBN90-04-12522-1,978-90-04-12522-3
- ^Makk, Ferenc (1994). "Lukács". In Kristó, Gyula; Engel, Pál; Makk, Ferenc (eds.).Korai magyar történeti lexikon (9–14. század)[Encyclopedia of the Early Hungarian History (9th–14th centuries)](in Hungarian). Akadémiai Kiadó. pp. 417–420.ISBN963-05-6722-9.