1190s in England
Appearance
(Redirected from1191 in England)
Events from the1190s inEngland.
Incumbents
[edit]Events
[edit]- 1190
- 6 February –massacreof almost allJewsinNorwich.
- 7 March – massacre of Jews atStamfordFair.
- 16 March – a mob besieges 150 Jews inYork Castle,killing those who do not commit suicide.[1]
- 18 March – massacre of 57 Jews atBury St. Edmunds.
- 4 July – KingsRichard I of EnglandandPhilip II of Franceset out from France to join theThird Crusade.[2]
- Summer –William Longchamparrests his co-regentHugh de Puisetand rules alone asLord Chancellor,Justiciar,andpapal legate.[1]
- First known foreign scholar commences study at what will become theUniversity of Oxford,Emo of Friesland.
- 1191
- 12 May – Richard I marriesBerengaria of Navarre[3]on Cyprus; she will never visit England during his lifetime.
- 12 July – Third Crusade:Siege of Acreends with a crusader victory led by Philip II and Richard I.[2]
- 7 September – Third Crusade: Richard defeatsSaladinat theBattle of Arsuf.[2]
- October – PrinceJohn of Englanddeposes William Longchamp.[1]
- 27 November –Reginald fitz JocelinelectedArchbishop of Canterburybut dies before being consecrated.
- Monks atGlastonbury Abbeyclaim to have found the tomb ofKing Arthurand QueenGuinevere.
- 1192
- 5 August – Third Crusade: Richard defeats Saladin at theBattle of Jaffa.[2]
- 2 September –Treaty of Jaffabetween Richard and Saladin allowsChristianpilgrims to visitJerusalemand ends the Third Crusade. Richard leaves the Holy Land in October.
- 11 December – returning from the Crusade, Richard is taken prisoner byLeopold V, Duke of Austria,and secured atDürnstein.
- Prince John recognised as heir to the throne, and takes control of the royal castles atWindsorandWallingford.[1]
- Rebuilding ofLincoln Cathedralbegins.[4]
- Richard of DevizescomposesChronicon de rebus gestis Ricardi Primi.
- 1193
- 14 February – Richard I is handed to custody ofHenry VI, Holy Roman Emperor,and moved toSpeyer.
- 29 May –Hubert Walterenthroned asArchbishop of Canterbury.[5]
- 1194
- 4 February – Richard I ransomed from captivity.
- c. 10 February –Henry Marshalis nominatedBishop of Exeter.
- 12 March–28 March – Richard returns to England and besiegesNottingham Castleto reclaim it from his brotherJohn.[2]
- 17 April – second coronation of Richard I atWinchester.[1]
- 2 May –Portsmouthgranted aRoyal Charter;dock ordered to be built here.
- 12 May – after settling affairs in England, Richard I leaves forBarfleurin Normandy to reclaim lands lost toPhilip II of France.[2]
- 3 July – Battle of Fréteval: Richard I reconquers his French fiefdoms from Philip II.[2]
- Hubert Walter appointed as Justiciar.[5]
- September:Articles of Eyreproclaimed. Hubert Walter establishes the office ofcoroner.[1]
- Ordinance of the Jewry:for taxation purposes, records are to be kept of financial transactions. England elects to be served financially by Jews, hence the eponym.
- 1195
- Treaty of Louvierssuspends war between England and France; France takes control of NormanVexin.[1]
- Bushmead Prioryfounded.
- New stoneLydford Castlebuilt in theForest of Dartmoor.
- 1196
- Spring – inLondon,a popular uprising of the poor against the rich is led byWilliam Fitz Osbern.
- Assize of Measuresestablishes theellas the standard English measure, and regulates the production of cloth.[1]
- 1197
- A statute establishes standardweights and measures.[2]
- 1198
- June – England resumes its war against France, re-occupying NormanVexin.[1]
- June 23 – fire atBury St Edmunds Abbey.
- September –Battle of Gisors:English victory over the French.[1]
- 1199
- 13 January – short-lived truce between England and France.[1]
- 6 April – King Richard I dies of a wound received at the siege of the castle ofChâlusin France.[2]
- 27 May – coronation of KingJohn of England,Richard's brother.[2]
- Hubert Walterappointed asLord Chancellor.[5]
- KingPhilip II of Francerenews his war against England, supporting the rival claim to the English throne ofArthur of Brittany.[1]
- St John's JerusalematSutton-at-Hone,Kent,established as aCommandryof theKnights Hospitaller.
- St Laurence's Church, Ludlow,is rebuilt.
Births
[edit]- 1193
- 1195
- 1197
- Richard of Chichester,bishop, canonised (died1253)
Deaths
[edit]- 1190
- 19 November –Baldwin of Exeter,Archbishop of Canterbury
- Ranulf de Glanvill,chief justiciar
- Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester
- 1191
- 26 December –Reginald fitz JocelinArchbishop-elect of Canterbury
- 1194
- Abbas Benedictus,abbot of Peterborough
- 1195
- Hugh de Puiset,bishop of Durham (born c.1125)
- 1196
- William Fitz Osbern,London citizen
- 1197
- 1198
- William of Newburgh,historian (born c.1136)
- 1199
- 6 April –Richard I of England(killed in battle) (born1157)
- 4 September –Joan of England, Queen of Sicily,wife ofWilliam II of Sicily(born1165)
- uncertain
- William Fitzstephen,servant ofThomas Becketand sheriff ofGloucester
References
[edit]- ^abcdefghijklPalmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992).The Chronology of British History.London: Century Ltd. pp. 73–75.ISBN0-7126-5616-2.
- ^abcdefghijWilliams, Hywel (2005).Cassell's Chronology of World History.London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp.129–131.ISBN0-304-35730-8.
- ^Penguin Pocket On This Day.Penguin Reference Library. 2006.ISBN0-14-102715-0.
- ^Sutton, Ian (1999).Architecture, from Ancient Greece to the Present.London: Thames & Hudson.ISBN978-0-500-20316-3.
- ^abcMorgan, Kenneth O.(1998).The Oxford Popular History of Britain.Parragon.ISBN0-7525-2572-7.