1243
Appearance
Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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1243 by topic |
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Leaders |
Birth and death categories |
Births–Deaths |
Establishments and disestablishments categories |
Establishments–Disestablishments |
Art and literature |
1243 in poetry |
Year1243(MCCXLIII) was acommon year starting on Thursday(link will display the full calendar) of theJulian calendar.
Events
[edit]By place
[edit]Europe
[edit]- March– KingFerdinand III(the Saint) turns the independentTaifa of Murciainto a protectorate, and initiates the process of the colonization andChristianizationof the region. He receives the submission of theMoors,under the terms of a peace agreement (the famousTreaty of Alcaraz).
- April 27–Treaty of Bordeaux:KingLouis IX(the Saint) and KingHenry IIIagree to a truce that ends theSaintonge War.The truce does not stop the on-going clashes (and further tensions) betweenFranceandEngland.[1]
- Siege of Viterbo:EmperorFrederick IIbesiegesViterboon request of the rebel citizens. The defenders are able to set fire to thesiege towersand after signing a peace treaty, Frederick is persuaded to withdraw his army.[2]
- Siege of Montségur:French forces (some 10,000 men) begin the siege ofChâteau de Montségurto raze the stronghold held by the rebelliousCathars.The castle is defended by some 100 troops and 500 refugees.[3]
- May 1– TheCastillantroops are garrisoned inMurcia,to support theHudid Dynasty.[4]
England
[edit]- Spring – Henry III bestows the custody ofKenilworth CastletoSimon de Montfort.Simon's wifeEleanor,Henry's sister, already ownedOdiham Castle(orKing John's Castle) so Simon has two of the strongest fortresses in England under his control.
Levant
[edit]- June 12– A Crusader force underBalian III,lord ofBeirut,capturesTyreafter a long siege. The barons seize the citadel onJuly 10,with the help ofAlice,queen ofCyprus,whose forces arrive onJune 15.This ending theWar of the Lombards.[5]
Mongol Empire
[edit]- June 26–Battle of Köse Dağ:The Mongols underBaiju Noyandefeat theSeljuk Turksof theSultanate of Rumand their Byzantine allies. The Seljuks and theEmpire of Trebizondbecome vassals of the Mongols.
By topic
[edit]Religion
[edit]- June 25– PopeInnocent IVsucceedsCelestine IVas the 180th pope of theCatholic Church,after asede vacanteof 7 months.
Births
[edit]- May 31–James II,Aragonese ruler ofMajorca(d.1311)
- June 6–Alix of Brittany,Breton noblewoman (d.1288)
- June 28–Go-Fukakusa,emperor ofJapan(d.1304)
- September 2
- Gilbert de Clare,Englishnobleman(d.1295)
- Walter Langton,bishop ofCoventry(d.1321)
- Alfonso Fernández el Niño,Spanish nobleman (d.1281)
- An Hyang(orAhn Yu), KoreanConfucianscholar (d.1306)
- Augustinus Triumphus,Italianhermitand writer (d.1328)
- Awaji Nichiken,JapaneseBuddhistmonk (d.1338)
- Giles of Rome,Italian friar and archbishop (d.1316)
- John I of Chalon-Auxerre,French nobleman (d.1309)
- Riccoldo da Monte di Croce,Italian missionary (d.1320)
- Roger Bernard III,French nobleman and poet (d.1302)
- Zhenjin(orChingkim), Mongolian prince (d.1286)
Deaths
[edit]- January 17–Herman V,German nobleman (b.1180)
- January 19–Konoe Iezane,Japanese nobleman (b.1179)
- February 20–Romano Bonaventura,Italian cardinal
- March 10–Cyril III,patriarch ofAlexandria(b.1175)
- April 25–Boniface of Valperga,Italian monk and bishop
- May 3–Hawise of Chester,English noblewoman (b. 1180)
- May 4–Hubert de Burgh,EnglishChief Justiciar(b.1170)
- May 7–Hugh d'Aubigny,English nobleman and knight
- June 4–Constance,margravine ofMeissen(b.1212)
- June 26–Dardin Shervashidze,Georgian nobleman
- August 16–Stepan Tverdislavich,Russianposadnik
- October 15–Hedwig of Silesia,Polish duchess (b.1174)
- October 26–Bernat Calbó(orCalvó), Catalan bishop
- Ermengol IX,Catalan nobleman and child ruler (b.1235)
- Fujiwara no Reishi,Japanese empress consort (b.1185)
- Haymo of Faversham,English priest and philosopher
- Indravarman II,Cambodian ruler of theKhmer Empire
- Maol Eoin Ó Crechain,Irish priest and archdeacon
- Margaret of Burgundy,countess ofSavoy(b.1192)
- Umm Assa'd bint Isam al-Himyari,Arab female poet
References
[edit]- ^Hywel Williams (2005).Cassell's Chronology of World History,p. 140.ISBN0-304-35730-8.
- ^Dennis Showalter (2013).The Encyclopedia of Warfare: Medieval Wars 500–1500,p. 77.ISBN978-1-78274-119-0.
- ^Claude Lebédel (2011).Understanding the tragedy of the Cathars,p. 109. Editions Quest-France.ISBN978-2-7373-5267-6.
- ^de Epalza, Miguel (1999).Negotiating cultures: bilingual surrender treaties in Muslim-Crusader Spain under James the Conqueror.Brill. p. 88.ISBN90-04-11244-8.
- ^Steven Runciman (1952).A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre,p. 185.ISBN978-0-241-29877-0.