1360s in England
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Events from the1360s inEngland.
Incumbents
[edit]Events
[edit]1360
- January –Hundred Years' War:Edward IIImarches on Paris.[1]
- 15 March – The town ofWinchelseainEast Sussexis attacked and burned by an expeditionary force from France.[2]
- April – Hundred Years' War: English forces leave the vicinity of Paris after laying waste to the countryside.[1]
- 8 May – Hundred Years' War: theTreaty of Brétignyis signed, marking the end of the first phase of the War. Under its terms,Edward IIIgives up his claim to the French throne and releases KingJohn II of Francein return for French land, includingCalaisandGascony.[3]
- 24 October – Hundred Years' War:Treaty of Calaisratifies the earlierTreaty of Brétigny,but omits mention of claims to the French throne.[1]
- Completion ofnavevaultatYork Minster.
1361
- Spring – outbreak ofplague.[1]
- 10 October – marriage ofEdward, the Black PrinceandJoan of Kent[1]atWindsor Castle.
- Justices of the Peace Act 1361introduces the title ofJustice of the peace.Portions of the Act will still be in force more than 650 years later.
- The Hart Dyke family settle atLullingstone CastleinKent,where they will still be in residence in the 21st century.
1362
- 16 January –Grote Mandrenkestorm sweeps across England:SalisburyandNorwich CathedralsandSt Albans Abbeyare damaged and theHumberestuary port ofRavenser Oddis obliterated.[4]
- June – under the terms of the will of SirJohn de Wingfield(d. 1361), the church of St Andrew and a college of priests are founded inWingfield, Suffolk.
- 22 June – alliance between England andCastile.[1]
- November –Lionel of Antwerp,son of Edward III, is createdDuke of Clarence.
- ThePleading in English Actmakes English rather thanLaw Frenchthe official language in law courts.[1][5]
- TheEnglish Hospice of the Most Holy Trinity and St Thomasis established inRometo provide accommodation for pilgrims from England.[6]
- Approximate date –spireadded toChurch of St Mary and All Saints, Chesterfield,Derbyshire.
1363
- 29 June – Hundred Years' War: Edward, the Black Prince takes control ofAquitaine.[1]
- November –David II of Scotlandmakes an agreement for Edward III to succeed him as King of Scotland.[1]
- Parliament opened in English for the first time.[1]
- Royal decree prohibits all forms of Sunday recreation other than practice with theEnglish longbow.
- Sumptuary lawregulates dress according to the wearer's social class.
1364
- 4 March – Scottish Parliament rejects Edward's right to rule Scotland.[1]
- Ranulf Higdencompletes thePolychronicon,a work of world history.[1]
1365
- Parliament passes the second Statute ofPraemunire,forbidding appeals to the Pope.[1]
1366
- May –William Edingtonelected to the Archbishopric of Canterbury but declines the position due to ill-health.
- 24 July –Simon Langhamenthroned asArchbishop of Canterbury.
- Edward III grants a charter to the Kent port ofQueenborough,named in honour of his consort.
- Statutes of Kilkennyforbid contact between 'obedient English' and 'Irish enemies' in Ireland.[1]
1367
- February –Castilian Civil War– English forces led by Edward, the Black Prince side withPedro of Castileagainst Pedro's brotherHenry II of Castile.[3]
- 3 April – Castilian Civil War: English defeat Franco-Castilian forces at theBattle of Nájera.[1]
- William Langlandbegins work on the poemThe Vision of Piers Plowman.[3]
1368
- 30 January – Hundred Years' War: barons in English-controlled territory in France object to new taxes, and appeal to KingCharles V of France.[1]
- 12 September – Death of Plantaganet heiressBlanche of Lancaster(first wife ofJohn of Gaunt) atTutbury Castleaged (probably) 26 (perhaps of theBlack Death), inspiringGeoffrey Chaucer's first major poem,The Book of the Duchess.
- 11 October –William Whittleseyenthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
- Powers ofJustices of the Peacelegally established.[1]
1369
- 21 May – Hundred Years' War: Charles V of France renounces theTreaty of Brétignyand declares war on England.[3]
- 3 June – Hundred Years' War: Edward III once again formally claims the throne of France.[1]
- August –Alice Perrersgains influence at court following the death of QueenPhilippa of Hainault.[1]
- September – Hundred Years' War: French burnPortsmouth;[7]English raids onPicardyandNormandy.[1]
- 30 November – Hundred Years' War: Charles V of France recaptures most ofAquitainefrom the English.[1]
- December – Financed byCharles V of France,Owain Lawgochlaunches a Welsh invasion fleet against the English in an attempt to claim the throne ofWales,but a storm causes him to abandon the invasion.
- 14-year truce between England and Scotland signed.[1]
Births
[edit]1361
- John Beaumont, 4th Baron Beaumont(died 1396)
1363
- Thomas Langley,cardinalbishop of DurhamandLord Chancellor(died 1437)
1364
- 30 November –John FitzAlan, 2nd Baron Arundel(died 1390)
1365
- John de Ros, 5th Baron de Ros(died 1394)
1366
- 22 March –Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk(died 1399)
- Lady Elizabeth FitzAlan(died 1425)
1367
- 6 January –Richard II of England(died 1400)
- 3 April –Henry IV of England(died 1413)
- Michael de la Pole, 2nd Earl of Suffolk(died 1415)
1368
- Thomas Hoccleve,poet (died 1426)
1369
- William de Ros, 6th Baron de Ros,Lord High Treasurer(died 1414)
- John Dunstaple,composer (died 1453)
Deaths
[edit]1360
- 26 February –Roger Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March,military leader (born 1328)
- 26 December –Thomas Holland, 1st Earl of Kent,nobleman and military commander (born c. 1314)
- Geoffrey the Baker,chronicler
- William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton,nobleman and military commander (born c. 1310)
1361
- Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster(born c. 1306)
- Richard Badew,Chancellor of Cambridge University
- John Beauchamp, 3rd Baron Beauchamp de Somerset
- Reginald de Cobham, 1st Baron Cobham(born c. 1295)
1362
- 10 April –Maud, Countess of Leicester(born 1339)
1363
- Ranulf Higden,chronicler (born c. 1299)
1364
- January –Edward Balliol(born c.1283 in Scotland)
1366
1368
- 29 November –Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence(born 1338)
1369
- 16 July –John Grandisson,Bishop of Exeter(born 1292)
- 15 August –Philippa of Hainault,Queen consort of Edward III (born c. 1314)
- 12 September –Blanche of Lancaster(born 1345)
- 13 November –Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick(born 1313)
- 31 December –John Chandos,knight (born c. 1320)
- James Audley,knight (born c. 1318)
References
[edit]- ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvPalmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992).The Chronology of British History.London: Century Ltd. pp. 06–108.ISBN0-7126-5616-2.
- ^"French Invade Sussex".Information Britain.Retrieved2022-09-10.
- ^abcdWilliams, Hywel (2005).Cassell's Chronology of World History.Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp.166–168.ISBN0-304-35730-8.
- ^Simons, Paul (2008).Since Records Began.London: Collins. pp. 178–80.ISBN978-0-00-728463-4.
- ^"Statute of Pleading".Language and Law.org. 1362.Retrieved2014-02-03.
- ^"History of the VEC".Rome: Venerable English College.Retrieved2023-03-12.
- ^"Dockyard Timeline".Portsmouth Royal Dockyard Historical Trust.Retrieved2018-09-21.