1480s in England
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Events from the1480sinEngland.This decade marks the beginning of theTudor period.
Incumbents
[edit]- Monarch–Edward IV(until 9 April 1483),Edward V(9 April to 26 June 1483),Richard III(26 June 1483 to 22 August 1485), thenHenry VII
- Regent –Richard, Duke of Gloucester(starting 30 April, until 26 June 1483)[1]
Events
[edit]- 1480
- 1 August – Treaty of Perpetual Friendship between England andBurgundy.[2]
- Magdalen College School, Oxford,established byWilliam Waynflete.[3][4]
- 1481
- William CaxtonpublishesThe Historie of Reynart the Foxe,the first English edition of the tale,[2]and also his 1480 translation ofMirrour of the Worlde,the first book printed in England to includewoodcutillustrations.
- 1481 or 1482 –Thomas de Littleton'sTreatise on Tenurespublished posthumously, the first ever printed text onEnglish law.
- 1482
- June –Richard, Duke of GloucesterinvadesScotlandand capturesEdinburgh.[2]
- 24 August –capture of Berwick:Scots surrenderBerwick-upon-Tweedto Richard, ending his campaign;[2]the town remains permanently English hereafter.
- Act concerning Swans sets out thatswansare the property of the monarch (or those given permission by him to own them).
- 1483
- January –Act of Apparel,asumptuary law,is passed.[5]
- 9 April – following the death ofEdward IV,his son, the 12-year-oldEdward Vbecomes king with his uncle the Duke of Gloucester acting asLord Protector;[6]the new king is proclaimed on 11 April.
- 14 April – news of his father's death and his own accession reaches Edward V atLudlow Castle.[7]He leaves for London on 24 April.
- 19 April – Edward IV is buried atSt George's Chapel, Windsor Castle.[7]
- 30 April – the dowager queen's brother,Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers,who has been escorting Edward to London, is arrested byRichard, Duke of GloucesterandHenry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckinghamwho proceed toStony Stratfordwhere they take over the escort of Edward.[7]
- 1 May – the dowager queen and others of her family take sanctuary atWestminster Abbey.[7]
- 4 May – the king enters London.[7]
- 13 June –summary executionat theTower of LondonofWilliam Hastings, 1st Baron Hastingsfor allegedly conspiring against the new Protector's life.
- 25 June – execution atPontefract Castlein Yorkshire ofAnthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers,SirRichard Grey(the king's half-brother) andSir Thomas Vaughanon false charges of conspiring against the new Protector's life.[7]
- 26 June – Richard becomes Richard III after Edward V is declared to be illegitimate byParliament.[6]
- 6 July – coronation of Richard III atWestminster Abbeyfollowing a procession on theThames.[8]
- Late Summer – disappearance of thePrinces in the Tower,Edward V andRichard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York.[6]
- 8 September –Edward of Middlehamis invested asPrince of Wales[2]by his father the king at the Archbishop's Palace inYork.
- October
- TheRiver Severnforms a new course atGloucester,creatingAlney Island.[9]
- A rebellionbyHenry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckinghamis crushed by Richard III.[2]
- 2 November – Buckingham executed atSalisbury.[2]
- William Caxton publishes his English translation of theGolden Legend,his most popular publication.
- 1484
- January –Parliamentpasses the actTitulus Regius,bastardising the children of Edward IV and his wife,Elizabeth Woodville.
- 2 March – aroyal charteris granted to theCollege of Arms,the official Englishheraldic authority,established in London.[2]
- 26 March – William Caxton publishes his English translation ofAesop's Fables.
- July – Richard III establishes a judicialCouncil of the North.[2][10]
- 21 September – Treaty of Nottingham: three-year truce between England and Scotland signed.[2][11]
- 1485
- 31 July –Thomas Malory's 1470 bookLe Morte d'Arthurpublished by Caxton.[6][8]
- August – start of serious outbreak ofsweating sickness.
- 22 August
- Wars of the Roses:Battle of Bosworth Fieldis fought between the armies of King Richard III and rival claimant to the throne Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond. Richard dies in battle and Henry becomes KingHenry VII of England,ending the Middle Ages in England and beginning of theTudor dynasty.[6]
- Creation of theYeomen of the Guard.[12]
- 30 October – coronation of Henry VII atWestminster Abbey.[6]
- 1486
- 18 January – marriage of Henry VII andElizabeth of York,Richard III's niece, uniting theHouse of Lancasterand theHouse of York,[2]celebrated with a firework display.
- April – Henry defeats theStafford and Lovell rebellion.
- 20 September – birth of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York's eldest sonArthuratWinchester.
- 6 October –John Mortonenthroned asArchbishop of Canterbury.
- TheBook of Saint Albansis published.
- First recorded use of the word 'football' to describe a game in which the ball is kicked.[2]
- 1487
- 24 May –Lambert Simnelis crowned King "Edward VI of England" inChristchurch Cathedral, Dublin,Ireland.He claims to beEdward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick,Elizabeth of York's cousin, and on 5 June lands inFurnesswith an army to challenge Henry VII for the throne.[6]
- 16 June – Wars of the Roses: at theBattle of Stoke Field,the final battle of the conflict, the rebellion of pretender Lambert Simnel, led byJohn de la Pole, 1st Earl of LincolnandFrancis Lovell, 1st Viscount Lovell,is crushed by troops loyal to Henry VII.[6]
- 25 November – coronation ofElizabeth of YorkasQueen consort of England.[2]
- 1488
- 1489
- 14 February –Treaty of Redon:England allies withBrittanyagainstFrance.[2]
- 26 March – theTreaty of Medina del Campobetween England andSpainincludes provision for a marriage between Arthur, the son of King Henry VII, and Spanish princessCatherine of Aragon.
- 28 April –Henry Percy, 4th Earl of Northumberlandmurdered by protesters against new war tax; revolt quickly suppressed.[2]
- 13 June –Battle of Dixmude:Anglo-Habsburg victory over France.[2]
- 29 November –Arthur Tudoris invested asPrince of Wales.
- TheGold Sovereignis first issued.
- King Henry VII gives a city charter toSouthwold.
Births
[edit]- 1482
- Richard Pace,diplomat (died1536)
- 1483
- Thomas Parr,alleged oldest living man (died1635)
- 1485
- Hugh Aston,composer (died1558)
- Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex,statesman (executed1540)
- John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford,royal minister (died1555)
- 1486
- 20 September –Arthur, Prince of Wales,son ofHenry VII of England(died1502)
- 1487
- Hugh Latimer,Protestant bishop (martyred1555)
- 1488
- Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden,Lord Chancellor (died1544)
- Myles Coverdale,Bible translator (died1568)
- 1489
- 2 July –Thomas Cranmer,ProtestantArchbishop of Canterbury(martyred1556)
Deaths
[edit]- 1481
- 23 August –Thomas de Littleton,judge and legal author (born c.1407)
- 19 November –Anne de Mowbray, 8th Countess of Norfolk(born1472)
- Mary Woodville,noblewoman (born c.1454)
- 1482
- 25 August –Margaret of Anjou,exiled queen consort of Henry VI (born1430)[13]
- Approximate date –William Worcester,topographer, antiquary and chronicler (born1415)
- 1483
- 4 April –Henry Bourchier, 1st Earl of Essex(born c.1405)
- 9 April – KingEdward IV of England(born1442)
- June –William Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings(executed) (born1431)
- 13 June –Richard Grey,half brother ofEdward V of England(executed) (born1458)
- 25 June –Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers(executed) (born1442)
- 2 November –Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham,politician (born1454)
- George Nevill, Duke of Bedford(born1457)
- Edmund Sutton,nobleman (born1425)
- 1484
- 9 April –Edward of Middleham, Prince of Wales(born c.1473)
- 2 October –Isabel of Cambridge, Countess of Essex(born1409)
- 1485
- 16 March –Anne Neville,queen ofRichard III of England(born1456)
- 22 August (killed at theBattle of Bosworth Field)
- KingRichard III of England(born1452)
- Robert Brackenburycourtier to Richard III (year of birth unknown)
- William Brandon,supporter of Henry VII (born1426)
- John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk(born1430)
- Richard Ratcliffe,supporter of Richard III (year of birth unknown)
- August –William Catesby,supporter of Richard III (executed) (born1450)
- 17 October –John Scott of Scott's Hall,Warden of the Cinque Ports (born c.1423)
- 1486
- 30 March –Thomas Bourchier,Archbishop of CanterburyandLord Chancellor of England(born c.1404)
- 11 May –William Waynflete,Lord Chancellor and bishop of Winchester (born c.1398)
- 19 September –Richard Oldham,cleric (year of birth unknown)
- 1487
- 16 June –John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln(born c.1463)
- 30 September –John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley,Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (born1400)
- William FitzAlan, 16th Earl of Arundel(born1417)
- 1489
- 28 April –Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland(born c.1449)
References
[edit]- ^Powicke, F. Maurice; Fryde, E. B., eds. (1961).Handbook of British Chronology(2nd ed.). London: Butler & Tanner Ltd. p. 38.
- ^abcdefghijklmnopqPalmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992).The Chronology of British History.London: Century Ltd. pp. 132–135.ISBN0-7126-5616-2.
- ^Stanier, R. S. (1958).Magdalen School: a history of Magdalen College School, Oxford(2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell.
- ^Clarke, D. L. L. (1980).Magdalen School: Five Hundred Years On.Oxford: Blackwell.ISBN0-631-12516-7.
- ^Sylvester, Louise M.; Chambers, Mark C.; Owen-Cocker, Gale R., eds. (2014).Medieval Dress and Textiles in Britain.Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. p. 210.ISBN9781322201160.
- ^abcdefghWilliams, Hywel (2005).Cassell's Chronology of World History.London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp.187–189.ISBN0-304-35730-8.
- ^abcdef"A 1483 Timeline".Retrieved2024-01-18.
- ^abPenguin Pocket On This Day.Penguin Reference Library. 2006.ISBN0-14-102715-0.
- ^"The Fickleness of Sabrina around Gloucester".Gloucester 500.2021-07-22.Retrieved2024-05-09.
- ^"Richard III – A Man and his Times".The Richard III Foundation, Inc. Archived fromthe originalon 2011-01-19.Retrieved2010-10-20.
- ^Moody, T. W.; et al., eds. (1989).A New History of Ireland.8:A Chronology of Irish History.Oxford University Press.ISBN978-0-19-821744-2.
- ^"The Monarchy Today > Ceremony and symbol > Ceremonial bodies > Yeomen of the Guard".Archived fromthe originalon 28 March 2008.Retrieved2008-03-21.
- ^"Margaret of Anjou | queen of England".Encyclopædia Britannica.Retrieved2020-04-15.