1746

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	17th century 18th century 19th century
Decades:	1720s 1730s 1740s 1750s 1760s
Years:	1743 1744 1745 1746 1747 1748 1749

April 16:The last Jacobite rising is defeated in Britain at theBattle of Culloden.

1746 in variouscalendars

Gregorian calendar	1746 MDCCXLVI
Ab urbe condita	2499
Armenian calendar	1195 ԹՎ ՌՃՂԵ
Assyrian calendar	6496
Balinese saka calendar	1667–1668
Bengali calendar	1153
Berber calendar	2696
British Regnal year	19Geo. 2– 20Geo. 2
Buddhist calendar	2290
Burmese calendar	1108
Byzantine calendar	7254–7255
Chinese calendar	Ất sửuNiên (WoodOx) 4443 or 4236 — to — Bính dần niên (FireTiger) 4444 or 4237
Coptic calendar	1462–1463
Discordian calendar	2912
Ethiopian calendar	1738–1739
Hebrew calendar	5506–5507
Hindu calendars
-Vikram Samvat	1802–1803
-Shaka Samvat	1667–1668
-Kali Yuga	4846–4847
Holocene calendar	11746
Igbo calendar	746–747
Iranian calendar	1124–1125
Islamic calendar	1158–1159
Japanese calendar	Enkyō3 ( diên hưởng ３ niên )
Javanese calendar	1670–1671
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 11 days
Korean calendar	4079
Minguo calendar	166 beforeROC Dân tiền 166 niên
Nanakshahi calendar	278
Thai solar calendar	2288–2289
Tibetan calendar	Âm mộc ngưu niên (female Wood-Ox) 1872 or 1491 or 719 — to — Dương hỏa hổ niên (male Fire-Tiger) 1873 or 1492 or 720

October 11:Battle of Rocoux

1746(MDCCXLVI) was acommon year starting on Saturdayof theGregorian calendarand acommon year starting on Wednesdayof theJulian calendar,the 1746th year of theCommon Era(CE) andAnno Domini(AD) designations, the 746th year of the2nd millennium,the 46th year of the18th century,and the 7th year of the1740sdecade. As of the start of 1746, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Events

January–March

• January 8– The Young PretenderCharles Edward StuartoccupiesStirling,Scotland.
• January 17–Battle of Falkirk Muir:BritishGovernment forces are defeated by Jacobite forces.
• February 1–Jagat Singh II,the ruler of theMewar Kingdom,inaugurates hisLake Palaceon the island of Jag Niwas inLake Pichola,in what is now the state ofRajasthanin northwest India.
• February 19–Prince William, Duke of Cumberland,issues a proclamation offering an amnesty to participants in theJacobite rebellion,directing them that they can avoid punishment if they turn their weapons in to their local Presbyterian church.
• February 22–Brussels,at the time part of theAustrian Netherlands,surrenders toFrance's MarshalMaurice de Saxe.
• March 10–Zakariya Khan Bahadur,theMughal Empire's viceroy administeringLahore(in what is now Pakistan), orders the massacre of the city'sSikh people.

April–June

• April 16– TheBattle of Cullodenin Scotland, the finalpitched battlefought on British soil, brings an end to theJacobite rising of 1745.
• May 27– The three Scottish leaders of theJacobite uprising— theEarl of Kilmarnock,Lord Balmerino,andLord Lovat— are imprisoned for treason in theTower of London,where they are held by the British government until their execution. Boyd and Balmerino are beheaded in August, while Fraser is not put to death until April 1747.
• June 16–Battle of Piacenza:Austrian forces defeat French and Spanish troops.
• June 18–Samuel Johnsonis contracted to write hisA Dictionary of the English Language.
• June 29–Catherine of Ricci(b.1522) is canonized.

July–September

• July 3– Father Joachim Royo, the last of the five Spanish Catholic missionaries toFuzhouinChina,is captured by Chinese authorities, after having spent three decades defying orders to not evangelize.He and three fellow priests are put to death two years later, on October 28, 1748.
• July 9– KingPhilip V of Spaindies, after a reign of more than 45 years. His oldest living son succeeds him, asKing Ferdinand VI.
• August 1– The wearing of thekiltis banned inScotlandby theDress Act(Note: the actual effective date of the Dress Act wasAugust 1,1747,not 1746).
• August 18– Two of the four rebellious Scottish lords,Earl of KilmarnockandLord Balmerinoch,are beheaded in theTower of London(Lord Lovat is executed in1747).
• September 20–Bonnie Prince Charlieflees to theIsle of SkyefromArisaig,after the unsuccessfulJacobite rising of 1745,marked by thePrince's Cairnon the banks ofLoch nan Uamh.

October–December

• October 11–War of the Austrian Succession–Battle of Rocoux:TheFrencharmy defeats the alliedAustrian,British,HanoveranandDutcharmy inRocourt.
• October 22– TheCollege of New Jerseyis founded in Princetown, New Jersey. In 1896, it is renamed Princeton University.
• October 28– AnearthquakedemolishesLimaandCallao,inPeru.
• November 4–Anwaruddin Khan,the Nawab of theArcot Statein South India, is driven back by the Captain Louis Paradis of the French Army after he and 10,000 soldiers attempt to drive the French back out ofMadras.
• December 5– Rallied by a teenage boy, Giovanni Battista Perasso (nicknamedBalilla"), the citizens of theRepublic of Genoarise up against the Austrian occupying troopsand the collaborator Military Governor, the GenoeseMarquis of Botta d'Adorno.By December 11, the Austrian soldiers are driven from the Italian city-state, but return a few months later.

Date unknown

• Eva Ekebladreports her discovery, of how to make flour and alcohol from potatoes, to theRoyal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
• The town ofVilkovo(Odes'ka oblast',Ukraine) is founded.
• Gabriel Johnston,British Governor of theProvince of North Carolina,moves toNew Bern,the province's largest. New Bern replacesEdentonas the capital of North Carolina untilRaleighis established in1792.
• Charles Batteux'sLes beaux-arts réduits à un même principeis published in Paris, putting forward for the first time the idea of "les beaux arts":"thefine arts".

Births

• January 4–Benjamin Rush,aFounding Father of the United States(d.1813)
• January 12–Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi,Swiss pedagogue (d.1827)
• January 24– KingGustav III of Sweden(d.1792)

Tadeusz Kościuszko

• February 4–Tadeusz Kościuszko,Polish general and nationalist (d.1817)
• February 5–Charles Cotesworth Pinckney,American politician and soldier (d.1825)
• March 3–Izabela Czartoryska,Polish magnate princess (d.1835)
• March 7–André Michaux,French botanist (d.1802)

Francisco Goya

• March 30–Francisco Goya,Spanish painter (d.1828)
• April 4–John Andrews,American clergyman, Provost of the University of Pennsylvania (d.1813)
• May 9–Gaspard Monge,Frenchmathematicianandgeometer(d.1818)
• June 3–James Hook,English composer (d.1827)
• July 3–Henry Grattan,Irish politician (d.1820)
• July 16–Giuseppe Piazzi,Italian astronomer (d.1826)
• July 23–Bernardo de Gálvez,Spanish military leader, aids theUnited Statesin its quest for independence in theAmerican Revolutionary War(d.1786)
• July 30–Louise du Pierry,French astronomer (d.1807)
• September 28–Sir William Jones,English philologist (d.1794)
• October 7–William Billings,American composer (d.1800)
• November 27–Robert R. Livingston,American signer of the Declaration of Independence (d.1813)
• December 29–Saverio Cassar,Gozitan priest and rebel leader (d.1805)
• date unknown
  • Hong Liangji,Chinese scholar, statesman, political theorist and philosopher
  • Isaac Swainson,English botanist (d.1812)
  • Victor d'Hupay,French philosopher and writer (d.1818)
  • Ekaterina Kozitskaya,Russian industrialist (d.1833)
  • Ebenezer Pemberton,American educator (d.1835)

Deaths

• February 4–Robert Blair,Scottish poet and cleric (b.1699)
• February 8–Anton Josef Kirchweger,German writer
• February 26–Thomas Watson, 3rd Earl of Rockingham,British politician (b.1715)
• February 28–Hermann von der Hardt,German historian (b.1660)
• March 18–Grand Duchess Anna Leopoldovna of Russia,regent of Russia (b.1718)
• March 20–Nicolas de Largillière,French painter (b.1656)
• April 29–William Flower, 1st Baron Castle Durrow,Irish politician (b.1685)
• May 6–William Tennent,Scottish-American theologian (b.1673)
• May 13–James Drummond, 3rd Duke of Perth,British noble (b.1713)
• May 22–Thomas Southerne,Irish playwright (b.1660)
• June 14–Colin Maclaurin,Scottish mathematician (b.1698)
• July 2–Thomas Baker,English antiquarian (b.1656)

Philip V of Spain

• July 9– KingPhilip V of Spain(b.1683)
• July 28–John Peter Zenger,American printer, whose court case advanced freedom of the press in the American colonies (b.1697)
• July 30–Francesco Trevisani,Italian painter (b.1656)
• August 6–Christian VI,King of Denmark and Norway (b.1699)
• August 8–Francis Hutcheson,Irish philosopher (b.1694)
• September 25–St George Gore-St George,Irish politician (b.1722)
• October 2–Josiah Burchett,English Secretary of the Admiralty (b. c.1666)
• November 14–Georg Steller,German naturalist (b.1709)
• December 6–Lady Grizel Baillie,Scottish poet (b.1665)
• December 8–Charles Radclyffe,British politician and rebel, by beheading after being convicted of treason against the Crown (b.1693)