1770 in Canada
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Events from the year1770 in Canada.
Incumbents
[edit]Governors
[edit]- Governor of the Province of Quebec:Guy Carleton
- Governor of Nova Scotia:Lord William Campbell
- Commodore-Governor of Newfoundland:John Byron
- Governor of St. John's Island:Walter Patterson[2]
Events
[edit]- December –Samuel Hearnedeparts on his third voyage of discovery.
- The city ofSaint-Eustache, Quebecis established.
Births
[edit]
- April 7 –William Wordsworth,inCockermouth,England(d.1850)
- April 30 –David Thompson,fur trader, surveyor and map-maker (d.1857)
- June 4 (baptised) –William Carson,inKirkcudbright,Scotland(d.1843)
- October 23 –George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie(d.1838)
Full date unknown
[edit]- William Allan,nearHuntly, Scotland(d.1853)
Deaths
[edit]- February 12 –Christopher Middleton,Hudson's Bay Companycaptain
Historical documents
[edit]Hard winters and scarcity of farmstaplesand manufactures useful in Britain make northern colonies dependent on West Indies, notmother country[3]
Warships will form line fromCape Race,Newfoundland tolatitudeofCape Codto prevent smuggling toSt. Lawrence,Nova Scotiacoast andMassachusetts[4]
British in Quebecrequestgeneral assemblyto encourage agriculture and trade and attach increasingly poorCanadiansto economy and British law[5]
Canadiansrequest return oftheir laws,which are basis of their property and family rule, and public office from which they are humiliatingly excluded[6]
Reward of $200 offered for information on "the Malefactors and abominable people that have, and attempt yet every Day, toset Fireto this Town "[7]
Since surveyor appointed, small number of chimney fires shows benefit ofchimney law,and minding fireplaces may save "us from that dreadful Calamity"[8]
Lightningcoming down chimney to fireplace she was kneeling at kills woman inCharlebourg,her last words being "My God, I am dying: Help"[9]
After saying he wouldkill his wifeto priest (and requesting he "assist him at theGallows"), Quebec man attempts murder and then kills himself[10]
Coroner's Inquest conclusions (previously called verdicts)finds Catharine Alexander'sstillbornbaby was given for burial to "ignorant Woman [who] indecently" put coffin in snow behind prison[11]
Advertisement for shipping on LakesOntario,ErieandHuron- "infinitely less liable to hazard" than going "defenceless[...]to be seized by theSavages"[12]
Illinois Countrywhites (pop. ca. 2,000) have connections with Canada and local Indigenous people, and tend to trade and hunt more than farm[13]
Dinner given atNorthwest Armnear Halifax in celebration ofFestival of St. Aspinquid,with toasts toHendrick,Uncas,Massasoitand othersachems[14]
Nova Scotia townships mustsupportonly resident poor people andorphans,excepting poor anddisabledpeople who can be supported by family[15]
Needy "dissenting Ministers"of Nova Scotia will benefit from interest earned on charitable fund" warmly recommended "by 28 such clergymen in London[16]
Intereston loans in Nova Scotia to be no higher than 6% (withgrandfather clause) and lenders charging higher rate are to pay triple value of loan made[17]
St. John's Islandlooking forfishersto settle, where they will pay no duty onrum,molasses"or any other Commodity necessary for Fishermen"[18]
George Cartwright'ssighting ofBeothukevokes long description of them and Newfoundlanders' murderous attitude toward them (Note: "wild" used)[19]
St. John'smerchants tell Gov.ByronNewfoundland trade suffers fromprevious governor,worker neglect, loss of settlers, drinking, and customs delays[20]
Church of the Brethren missionariesestablish selves among "Esquimaux"inLabradorwith view tosettlement(Note:stereotypes of Indigenous people)[21]
Moravian missionary purchases land from headInukin each tent because "you are all Lords + Masters[...], each of you says He is Master of the Land"[22]
After Inuit men of "Esquimaux Bay" acknowledgeviolence of past,missionary consults with them on where Moravians should build their house[23]
Inuit acknowledge that they are Brethren's children and must attend their meetings and do what they are told to do[24]
George Cartwrightdescribes construction ofInuit sledmade of spruce planks, whale jaw bone runners and walrus hide thongs[25]
Samuel Hearneon expedition is irked but not dismayed by ways of his Indigenous guide ( "Con-ne-e-quese"; Note: "niggard"means ungenerous person)[26]
Hearne quotes Indigenous leaderMatonabbeeas sayingwomen are made for labour,such as carrying, hauling, making and mending clothing etc.[27]
Hearne describesmoosehide tent and its use as woodlandtipiearly on his expedition northwest fromPrince of Wales Fort,Churchill[28]
References
[edit]- ^"Kings and Queens of Canada".aem.11 August 2017.Retrieved24 February2021.
- ^"Office of Lieutenant Governor: Lieutenant Governors gallery".www.gov.pe.ca.Retrieved31 March2019.
- ^Mr. Wynne, "Reflections on the present State of the North-American Colonies",A General History of the British Empire in America(....)Vol. II (1770), pgs. 393-5. (See also in this volume (pg. 430): "Canada can be nothing but a factory for the fur trade, and Nova-Scotia only a fishing settlement." ) Accessed 21 April 2022
- ^"May 18",The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 296(August 30, 1770), 3rd pg. Accessed 23 June 2022
- ^"Petition for a General Assembly" (1770?),Documents Relating to the Constitutional History of Canada, 1759-1791(1907), pgs. 291-2 (PDF frames 305-6). Accessed 24 June 2022
- ^"Petition for the Restoration of French Law and Custom" (1770?; in French with English translation),Documents Relating to the Constitutional History of Canada, 1759-1791(1907), pgs. 292-5 (PDF frames 306-9). Accessed 24 June 2022
- ^"The United Company of the City of Montreal[....]",The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 298(September 13, 1770), 3rd pg., right column. (See alsoprovincial governmentoffers additional reward of 200 Spanish dollars) Accessed 22 June 2022
- ^"Quebec, March 15",The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 272(March 15, 1770), 3rd pg. Accessed 22 June 2022
- ^"Quebec, August 9",The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 293(August 9, 1770), 3rd pg. Accessed 23 June 2022
- ^"Quebec, February 15",The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 268(February 15, 1770), 3rd pg. Accessed 22 June 2022
- ^"Quebec, March 22",The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 273(March 22, 1770), 3rd pg. Accessed 22 June 2022
- ^"Captain Grant",The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 272(March 22, 1770), 3rd pg. Accessed 22 June 2022
- ^Philip Pittman,"Of the Inhabitants"The Present State of the European Settlements of the Mississippi(1770), pg. 55. Accessed 20 June 2022
- ^"Halifax, June 5", The Nova Scotia Chronicle and Weekly Advertiser, Vol. II, No. 23 (May 29 - June 5, 1770),pg. 184Accessed 21 June 2022
- ^"An Act for the Settlement of the Poor in the several Townships within this Province"(1770), 10 George III - Chapter 1, British North American Legislative Database, 1758-1867. (See alsoAssembly resolutionto pay physician £60 for services and medicine to poor house residents, but not to pay him again) Accessed 20 June 2022
- ^"Halifax, February 20; By Letters received[....]", The Nova Scotia Chronicle and Weekly Advertiser, Vol. II, No. 8 (February 13–20, 1770),pg. 63Accessed 21 June 2022 (See alsoroyal donationof £1,000 to fund)
- ^"An Act for establishing the Rate of Interest"(1770), 10 George III - Chapter 5, British North American Legislative Database, 1758-1867. Accessed 20 June 2022
- ^"Extract of a Letter from a Merchant in St. John's Island", The Nova Scotia Chronicle and Weekly Advertiser, Vol. II, No. 10 (February 28 - March 6, 1770),pg. 79Accessed 21 June 2022
- ^C.W. Townsend (ed.),"Wednes., July 11, 1770"Captain Cartwright and His Labrador Journal(1911), pgs. 16-25. Accessed 24 June 2022
- ^"The following Address(....)The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 268 (February 15, 1770), 1st-2nd pgs. Accessed 22 June 2022
- ^Benjamin La Trobe, A Succinct View of the Missions Established among the Heathen by the Church of the Brethren[....] (1771),pgs. 26-7(See"Journal of the Voyage of the Jersey Packet to Labrador and Newfoundland"(1770) for record of these events) Accessed 20 June 2022
- ^"Journal of the Voyage of the Jersey Packet to Labrador and Newfoundland"(1770), pgs. 30-2, 57-8, 82-3 (PDF frames 33-5, 61-2, 86-7) Accessed 22 June 2022
- ^"Journal of the Voyage of the Jersey Packet to Labrador and Newfoundland"(1770), pgs. 74-7 (PDF frames 78-81; see further regarding past violence, frames 122-4, 128-30, 136-8) Accessed 22 June 2022
- ^"Journal of the Voyage of the Jersey Packet to Labrador and Newfoundland"(1770), pg. 86 (PDF frame 90) Accessed 22 June 2022
- ^C.W. Townsend (ed.),"As the construction(...)"Captain Cartwright and His Labrador Journal(1911), pgs. 56-7. Accessed 24 June 2022
- ^Samuel Hearne,A Journey from Prince of Wales's fort in Hudson's Bay, to the Northern Ocean(1795),pg. 30Accessed 20 June 2022
- ^Samuel Hearne,A Journey from Prince of Wales's fort in Hudson's Bay, to the Northern Ocean(1795),pg. 55Accessed 21 June 2022
- ^Samuel Hearne,A Journey from Prince of Wales's fort in Hudson's Bay, to the Northern Ocean(1795),pgs. 18-20Accessed 20 June 2022
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