1797 in Canada
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Events from the year1797 in Canada.
Incumbents
[edit]Federal government
[edit]- Parliament of Lower Canada:2nd(starting January 24)
- Parliament of Upper Canada:2nd(starting June 1)
Governors
[edit]- Governor of the Canadas:Robert Prescott
- Governor of New Brunswick:Thomas Carleton
- Governor of Nova Scotia:John Wentworth
- Commodore-Governor of Newfoundland:John Elliot
- Governor of St. John's Island:Edmund Fanning
- Governor of Upper Canada:John Graves Simcoe
Events
[edit]- David ThompsonleavesHudson's Bay Companyto joinNorth West Company.
- January 18 – This notice appears in the QuebecGazette:"A mail for the upper counties, comprehending Niagara and Detroit, will be closed, at this office, on Monday, 30th instant, at four o'clock in the evening, to be forwarded, from Montreal, by the annual winter express, on Thursday, 2 February next."[citation needed]
- July 21 –AmericanDavid McLane,being convicted of high treason, is hanged on a gibbet on the glacis of the fortifications atQuebec.[2]
Births
[edit]- April 2 –Joseph-François Deblois,lawyer, judge and political figure (d.1860)
- May 2 –Abraham Pineo Gesner,physician and surgeon, geologist, and inventor (d.1864)
- June 29 –Frederic Baraga,Roman Catholic priest, missionary, and bishop (d.1868)
- August 22 –Augustin-Magloire Blanchet,missionary (d.1887)
- October 4 –Charles-Séraphin Rodier,mayor ofMontreal(d.1876)
- December 25 –Bernard Donald Macdonald,Roman Catholic priest, bishop, and school administrator (d.1859)
Deaths
[edit]- January 9 –Charles Deschamps de Boishébert et de Raffetot,military (b.1727)
- August 3 –Jeffrey Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst,army officer (b.1717)
- October 17 –Jean-François Hubert,bishop of Quebec (b.1739)
Historical documents
[edit]WithMaine–New Brunswick bordercommission's arrival, writer favourably compares this way of "settling national contests to that of the Bayonet!"[3]
Border commission memberEdward Winslowwrites in spirit of reconciliation to U.S. friends from before hisexile at end of American Revolutionary War[4]
Lower Canada
[edit]Anyone accused ofhigh treasonormisprisionor suspicion of high treason or "Treasonable practices" shall be jailed withoutbailfor 1 year[5]
David McLaneis convicted of treason after 14-hour trial and sentenced to death (Note: graphic description of method of execution)[6]
Proclamation forbidstrespassingoncrown landand townshipclergy reservelots, and requires unauthorized settlers to vacate them[7]
TwoRoyal Navycommanders are "much flattered" bymastersof 16 merchant ships thanking them forconvoyduty "during a long and tedious traverse"[8]
Quebec City libraryjust opened to public is "where books are let to read by the year, half year, quarter, month, or single volume"[9]
MidwifeMrs. Hebert ofLying-in-Hospital Londongives evidence of "her ability[,] Judgement and experience" on Montreal medical board examination[10]
Upper Canada
[edit]Anyone who has, over past 7 years, lived or been subject in any country now atwarwith Britain can be forced to leave U.C. on 24 hours' notice[11]
"Principal Chiefs, Warriors and People of theMississague Nation"sell 3,450 acres at western end ofLake Ontarioto British for £752/6in goods[12]
Joseph BrantandJohn Deserontyonnegotiate compensation of $1,000 (plus $600 expenses) from New York forKanien’kéhà:kalands lost there[13]
Woman's land grants based on herwartimeservice carryingdispatchesbetween British army units, including "three times thro [sic] the Rebel army"[14]
Militiamajor's son and daughters, "bred up on a better line of Life," want land grant because only that can make "them Independent &Respectable"[15]
CouncilpresidentPeter Russellis against idea of granting land to wives ofAssemblymembers because it might appear to bebriberyby government[16]
NewLaw Society of Upper Canadais to maintain order among lawyers and create "learned and honorable body to assist their fellow subjects"[17]
Joseph Brantcomplains that inability to sell or rent outGrand River lands granted his peoplemakes their future insecure[18]
Nova Scotia
[edit]Wet, cold weather has made growing "Indian corn"not practical, so farmer advises growers to plantbuckwheaton sandy soil for almost as good profit[19]
Lt. Gov. John Wentworthreports on "extremely distress'd and perishing State of the Indians," who have lost bothpotatocrop and hunting grounds[20]
Wentworth reportsMaroonsin Nova Scotia are undisciplined complainers, but can be taught to be productive and successful[21]
After many years on land not granted them, 8Acadianspetition for "Lands + small Marshes" inGuysborough;move is allowed "until further orders"[22]
German language religious books for sale, includinghymns used by Protestant Lutherancongregations andpsalms used by Reformed Protestants[23]
Lightningfrom widespread and powerfulthunderstormstrikesGranvillebarn, blowing boards 100 feet upwind and forcing many 1 foot into the ground[24]
New Brunswick
[edit]Letter-to-the-editorwarns of sickness and death caused byquackeryof practitioners without least knowledge ofmedicine[25]
Advertisement promotesSaint Johndancing school, instruction infencingandbroadswordand lessons onfortepiano,harpsichordandspinet[26]
Hudson's Bay Company
[edit]Hudson's Bay Companytraders reachAssiniboine RiverviaYork FactoryandSwan River1 month beforeNorth West Companytraders can arrive[27]
Fur traderDonald Mackayreports seeing 93 North West Company canoes headed forGrand Portagewith more than 125,000 "made beaver"[28]
Joseph Colen describes low stock of food atFort Severnfrom "scarcity of game," which necessitates rationing and threatens "Natives" with starvation[29]
Elsewhere
[edit]Asepidemiccauses manyLabrador Inuitdeaths,Moravian missionariesfind both theirconvertsand "wild heathen" turning to "sorcerers"for relief[30]
After 2 weeks onLake Winnipeg(paddling 40+ miles some days), waves swampDonald Mackay's canoe, but he saves hiswife,baby and her sister[31]
"[N]otwithstanding the appearances of peace, almost all thePowers of Europemake preparations for war with the greatest celerity "[32]
Chatham Dockyardis to build98-gun shipwholly ofEnglish oakand with "newest improvements ofnaval architecture"[33]
References
[edit]- ^"Kings and Queens of Canada".aem.11 August 2017.Retrieved24 February2021.
- ^Galarneau, Claude (1979)."McLANE, DAVID".Dictionary of Canadian Biography.University of Toronto.RetrievedMay 12,2023.
- ^"Boston, August 5," The St. John Gazette and Weekly Advertiser, Volume XII,Number 587(August 18, 1797), pg. 2 of 2 (lefthand page, 3rd column). (See alsopoemdescribing this border and rest of boundaries with U.S.A.) Accessed 26 January 2024
- ^Letter of Edward Winslow (August 17, 1797),Winslow Papers; A.D. 1776-1826,pgs. 424-5 (PDF pg. 434). (See also letter (pg. 427; PDF 437) from fellow Loyalist who misses his "good old friends" ) Accessed 7 February 2024
- ^An Act for the better preservation of His Majesty's Government as by Law happily established in this Province(May 2, 1797), 37 George III Chapter 6, British North American Legislative Database, 1758-1867. Accessed 26 January 2024
- ^"Quebec, Tuesday, July 11," The Quebec Gazette,Num. 1677Cahier 1 (July 13, 1797), pgs. 1–2. (See details of proceedings in next issues of The Quebec Gazette (in English and then French) and inThe Trial of David McLane for High Treason;see also [https://numerique.banq.qc.ca/patrimoine/details/52327/4268019 report(pg. 3) from New York newspaper of conspiracy against Canada, and alsoopinion(pg. 427; PDF 437) that French Canadians are quieter and more submissive since McLane execution) Accessed 2 February 2024
- ^"By His Excellency Robert Prescott[....]" (August 22, 1797), The Quebec Gazette,Num. 1684Cahier 1 (August 31, 1797), pg. 1. Accessed 2 February 2024
- ^"Quebec, August 24," The Quebec Gazette,Num. 1683Cahier 1 (August 24, 1797), pg. 3. Accessed 2 February 2024
- ^"Circulating Library" (September 13, 1797), The Quebec Gazette,Num. 1686Cahier 1 (September 14, 1797), pg. 3. Accessed 2 February 2024
- ^"Advertisement," The Quebec Gazette,Num. 1686Cahier 1 (September 14, 1797), pg. 3. Accessed 2 February 2024
- ^An Act for the better securing of the Province against the King’s Enemies(1797), 37 George III Chapter 1, British North American Legislative Database, 1758-1867. Accessed 26 January 2024
- ^Treaty No. 8(1797), Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada. Accessed 5 February 2024
- ^"Treaty with the Mohawk Nation of Indians"(March 29, 1797), Papers of the War Department; 1784-1800. Accessed 26 January 2024
- ^"Moody, Mary" (April 4, 1797),Land Petitions of the Niagara Settlers "Molyneux to Morris"Accessed 6 February 2024
- ^"Turney, George; Undated[...]Petition of George, Jeanny and Nancy Turney[....]" (received February 4, 1797),Land Petitions of the Niagara Settlers "Turney to Tyler"(See also successful petition of their mother, Mary Turney (on this page)) Accessed 6 February 2024
- ^Peter Russell diary entry(July 1, 1797), Toronto Public Library. Accessed 27 December 2023
- ^An Act for better regulating the Practice of the Law(1797), 37 George III Chapter 13, British North American Legislative Database, 1758-1867. Accessed 26 January 2024
- ^Excerpts of letters of Joseph Brant to John Johnson and James Green(December 10, 1797), Indian Affairs; Lieutenant-Governor's Office - Upper Canada; Correspondence, 1796-1806, pgs. 190-6 (frames 226-32). Accessed 8 February 2024
- ^"For the Centinel; To Farmers," The Royal Gazette: and the Nova-Scotia Advertiser, Vol. VIII,No. 463(June 13, 1797), pg. 3 (left column). Accessed 31 January 2024
- ^John Wentworth,"Wentworth report on the Maroons"(April 21, 1797), pgs. 5-7, Nova Scotia Archives. Accessed 5 February 2024
- ^John Wentworth,"Wentworth report on the Maroons"(April 21, 1797), pgs. 2-5, Nova Scotia Archives. Accessed 5 February 2024
- ^"Roie (Roy, Roi), Freeman and Others – 1797 – Guysborough County"(May 27, 1797), Nova Scotia Archives. Accessed 31 January 2024
- ^"To be had of the Printer[....]," The Royal Gazette: and the Nova-Scotia Advertiser, Vol. VIII,No. 446(February 14, 1797), pg. 3 (right column). Accessed 29 January 2024
- ^"Extract of a letter from a Gentleman at Annapolis[....]" (June 16, 1797), The Royal Gazette: and the Nova-Scotia Advertiser, Vol. VIII,No. 465(June 27, 1797), pg. 3 (centre column). Accessed 31 January 2024
- ^"To the Printer of the Saint John Gazette,"The St. John Gazette and Weekly AdvertiserVolume XII, Number 595 (October 13, 1797), pg. 4 of 11 (righthand page). Accessed 29 January 2024
- ^"Dancing School" (August 18, 1797), The St. John Gazette and Weekly Advertiser, Volume XII,Number 587(August 18, 1797), pg. 2 of 2 (lefthand page, 3rd column). Accessed 26 January 2024
- ^John MacDonell, Some Account of the Red River, ca. 1797 (Contemporary Copy transcript),Page #18 of 34McGill Library. Accessed 6 February 2024
- ^Joseph Colen, "Nov'r 1 [1797]","York Factory - Post Journal; 1797-1799PDF frames 11–13, Archives of Manitoba. (See alsoMackay biography) Accessed 7 February 2024
- ^Letter of Joseph Colen (April 3, 1797),"Severn - Post Journal(1796-7; 1809-10), PDF frames 29–31, Archives of Manitoba. Accessed 7 February 2024
- ^"Letters(...)from the Settlements on the Coast of Labrador"(Okkak, August 7, 1797),1797-1800, vol. 02: Periodical accounts relating to the missions of the Church of the United Brethren established among the heathen,pgs. 123-4 (frames 129-30), Memorial University of Newfoundland. (See also similar news from Nain (frames 135-6)) Accessed 5 February 2024
- ^Donald Mackay, "25 [July 1797],""Journal of Occurrences on a Journey from Albany Factory to York Factory(....)"PDF frames 14–15, Archives of Manitoba. Accessed 2 February 2024
- ^"Quebec, Wednesday, August 30; From Paris[....]," The Quebec Gazette,Num. 1684Cahier 1 (August 31, 1797), pg. 3. Accessed 2 February 2024
- ^"London, July 2; The keel[....]," The Quebec Gazette,Num. 1686Cahier 1 (September 14, 1797), pg. 2. Accessed 2 February 2024
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