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1806–07 United States Senate elections

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1806–07 United States Senate elections

1804 & 1805 Dates vary by state 1808 & 1809

11 of the 34 seats in theUnited States Senate(plus special elections)
18 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party
Party Democratic-Republican Federalist
Last election 27 seats 7 seats
Seats before 27 7
Seats won 10 1
Seats after 28 6
Seat change Increase1 Decrease1
Seats up 9 2

Results:
Dem-Republican holdDem-Republican gain
Federalist hold

Majority Party before election


Democratic-Republican

Elected Majority Party


Democratic-Republican

The1806–07 United States Senate electionswere held on various dates in various states. As theseU.S. Senateelections were prior to the ratification of theSeventeenth Amendmentin 1913, senators were chosen bystate legislatures.Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1806 and 1807, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due tolegislative deadlock.[1]In these elections, terms were up for the senators inClass 3.

TheDemocratic-Republican Partyincreased its overwhelming control of the Senate by one additional seat. The Federalists went into the elections with such a small share of Senate seats (7 out of 34, or 21%) that even if they had won every election, they would still have remained a minority caucus. As it was, however, they lost one of the two seats they were defending and picked up no gains from their opponents.

Results summary[edit]

Senate party division,10th Congress(1807–1809)

  • Majority party: Democratic-Republican (28)
  • Minority party:Federalist(6)
  • Other parties: 0
  • Total seats: 34

Change in composition[edit]

Before the elections[edit]

DR7 DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR8 DR9 DR10 DR11 DR12 DR13 DR14 DR15 DR16 DR17
Majority → DR18
DR27
Pa.
Retired
DR26
N.C.
Retired
DR25
Ohio
Unknown
DR24
Vt.
Ran
DR23
S.C.
Ran
DR22
N.Y.
Ran
DR21
Md.
Ran
DR20
Ky.
Ran
DR19
Ga.
Ran
F7
N.H.
Retired
F6
Conn.
Ran
F5 F4 F3 F2 F1

Beginning of the next Congress[edit]

DR7 DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR8 DR9 DR10 DR11 DR12 DR13 DR14 DR15 DR16 DR17
Majority → DR18
DR27
Pa.
Hold
DR26
Ohio
Hold
DR25
N.C.
Hold
DR24
Md.
Hold
DR23
Ky.
Hold
DR22
Vt.
Re-elected
DR21
S.C.
Re-elected
DR20
N.Y.
Re-elected
DR19
Ga.
Re-elected
DR28
N.H.
Gain
F6
Conn.
Re-elected
F5 F4 F3 F2 F1
Key:
DR# Democratic-Republican
F# Federalist
V# Vacant

Race summaries[edit]

Except if/when noted, the number following candidates is the whole number vote(s), not a percentage.

Special elections during the preceding Congress[edit]

In these special elections, the winner was seated during 1806 or before March 4, 1807; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Georgia
(Class 3)
James Jackson Democratic-Republican 1793
1795(Resigned)
1800
Incumbent died March 19, 1806.
New senatorelectedJune 19, 1806.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Kentucky
(Class 3)
John Adair Democratic-Republican 1805(special) Incumbent resigned November 18, 1806 after losing re-election, see below.
New senatorelectedNovember 19, 1806,despite being younger than the constitutional minimum.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Maryland
(Class 3)
Robert Wright Democratic-Republican 1801(special) Incumbent resigned November 12, 1806 to becomeGovernor of Maryland.
New senatorelectedNovember 25, 1806.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Winner also elected to the next term, see below.

Races leading to the next Congress[edit]

In these regular elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1807; ordered by state.

All the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral
history
Connecticut Uriah Tracy Federalist 1796(special)
1801
Incumbentre-electedin 1807.
Georgia John Milledge Democratic-
Republican
1806(special) Incumbentre-electedin 1806.
Kentucky John Adair Democratic-Republican 1805(special) Incumbent lost re-election.
New senatorelectedNovember 13, 1806 on the fourth ballot.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Incumbent then resigned immediately and a new senator was elected to finish the term, see above.
Maryland Robert Wright Democratic-Republican 1801(special) Incumbent resigned November 12, 1806 to becomeGovernor of Maryland.
New senatorelectedin 1806 or 1807.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Winner also elected to finish the current term, see above.
New Hampshire William Plumer Federalist 1802(special) Incumbent retired.
New senatorelectedin 1807.
Democratic-Republican gain.
New York John Smith Democratic-
Republican
1804(special) Incumbentre-electedFebruary 3, 1807.
North Carolina David Stone Democratic-
Republican
1800 Incumbent retired to return to theState Superior Court,and then resigned early (February 17, 1807)
New senatorelectedin 1806 on the seventh ballot.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Ohio Thomas Worthington Democratic-
Republican
1803 Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
New senatorelectedJanuary 1, 1807.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Pennsylvania George Logan Democratic-
Republican
1801(Appointed)
1801(special)
Incumbent retired.
New senatorelected in 1806.
Democratic-Republican hold.
South Carolina John Gaillard Democratic-
Republican
1804(special) Incumbentre-electedDecember 9, 1806 on the second ballot.
Vermont Stephen R. Bradley Democratic-
Republican
1791
1795(Lost)
1801(special)
Incumbentre-electedin 1806.

Special elections during the next Congress[edit]

In this special election, the winner was seated in 1807 after March 4; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Vermont
(Class 1)
Israel Smith Democratic-Republican 1802 Incumbent resigned October 1, 1807.
New senatorelectedOctober 10, 1807.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Connecticut
(Class 3)
Uriah Tracy Federalist 1796(special)
1801
1807
Incumbent died July 19, 1807.
Samuel W. Dana(Federalist) was elected to finish the term,[c]but declined the election.[11]
New senatorelectedOctober 25, 1807on the second ballot.
Federalist hold.
Rhode Island
(Class 2)
James Fenner Democratic-Republican 1804 Incumbent resigned September 1807 to becomeGovernor of Rhode Island.
New senatorelectedOctober 26, 1807.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Georgia
(Class 2)
George Jones Democratic-Republican 1807(Appointed) PredecessorAbraham Baldwin(DR) had died March 4, 1807.
Incumbent appointee lost re-election.
New senatorelectedNovember 7, 1807.
Democratic-Republican hold.

Connecticut[edit]

Connecticut (regular)[edit]

Connecticut (special)[edit]

Georgia[edit]

Georgia (special, class 2)[edit]

SenatorWilliam H. Crawford

Democratic-RepublicanAbraham Baldwindied March 4, 1807. Democratic-RepublicanGeorge Joneswas appointed August 27. 1807 to continue the term, pending a special election. Jones ran in the November 7, 1807 special election, but lost to Democratic-RepublicanWilliam H. Crawford.

Class 3[edit]

SenatorJohn Milledge

Democratic-RepublicanJames Jackson,who had servedsince 1793died March 19, 1806.

Georgia (special, class 3)[edit]

Democratic-RepublicanJohn Milledgewas elected June 19, 1806.

Georgia (regular)[edit]

Milledge was later re-elected to the next term.

Kentucky[edit]

Kentucky (regular)[edit]

Kentucky (special)[edit]

Maryland[edit]

1806 United States Senate elections in Maryland
1801 November 25, 1806 1813

80 members of theMaryland General Assembly
Candidate Philip Reed William Hayward
Party Democratic-Republican
Legislative vote 47 33
Percentage 58.75% 41.25%

The Maryland General Assembly convened to both fill the unexpired term ofRobert Wrightwho resigned to becomeGovernor of Maryland,and to fill the next term. This election was therefore both the regular and special.

Philip Reedwon election over William Hayward by a margin of 17.50%, or 33 votes, for the Class 3 seat.[15]

New Hampshire[edit]

New Hampshire (regular)[edit]

New Hampshire (special)[edit]

New York[edit]

North Carolina[edit]

Ohio[edit]

Pennsylvania[edit]

Rhode Island (special)[edit]

South Carolina[edit]

Vermont[edit]

Vermont (regular)[edit]

Vermont (special)[edit]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^PossiblyThomas Telfair
  2. ^ab'more than likely…fictional characters'
  3. ^Dana 96,Asa Spalding(Democratic-Republican) 50, David Humphrey (Federalist) 8

References[edit]

  1. ^"17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)".National Archives and Records Administration.8 February 2022.
  2. ^"Georgia 1806 U.S. Senate, Special".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.Retrieved11 February2018.,citing Georgia Republican (Savannah, GA). June 27, 1806.
  3. ^"Kentucky 1806 U.S. Senate, Special".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.Retrieved11 February2018.,citing The Western World (Frankfort, KY). November 22, 1806. Aurora. General Advertiser (Philadelphia, PA). December 19, 1806.
  4. ^"Maryland 1806 U.S. Senate, Special".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.Retrieved11 February2018.,citing Votes and Proceedings of the Maryland State Senate, 1806. 11–12.
  5. ^"Kentucky 1806 U.S. Senate, Ballot 4".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.Retrieved12 February2018.,citing The Western World (Frankfort, KY). November 22, 1806. Aurora. General Advertiser (Philadelphia, PA). December 19, 1806.
  6. ^"New York 1807 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.Retrieved13 February2018.,citing Journal of the New York Assembly, 1807. 38–39. Journal of the New York State Senate, 1807. 13–14.
  7. ^"North Carolina 1806 U.S. Senate, Ballot 7".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.Retrieved13 February2018.,citing Legislative Papers for 1806. State Archives of North Carolina, Raleigh.
  8. ^"Ohio 1807 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.Retrieved13 February2018.,citingTaylor, William A. (1900).Ohio in Congress from 1803 to 1901.Columbus, Ohio:Century Publishing Co. p.96– viaInternet Archive.
  9. ^"South Carolina 1806 U.S. Senate, Ballot 2".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.Retrieved14 February2018.,citing The Times (Charleston, SC). December 13, 1806. Charleston Courier (Charleston, SC). December 16, 1806.
  10. ^"Vermont 1806 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.Retrieved14 February2018.,citing American Mercury (Hartford, CT). November 6, 1806. Weekly Wanderer (Randolph, VT). October 29, 1806.
  11. ^"Connecticut 1807 U.S. Senate, Special".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.Retrieved12 February2018.,citing Connecticut Herald (New Haven, CT). October 13, 1807.
  12. ^"Connecticut 1807 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.Retrieved12 February2018.,citing American Mercury (Hartford, CT). November 5, 1807.
  13. ^"Rhode Island 1807 U.S. Senate, Special".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.Retrieved14 February2018.,citing Newport Mercury (Newport, RI). November 7, 1807.
  14. ^"Georgia 1807 U.S. Senate, Special".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.Retrieved12 February2018.,citing Augusta Chronicle (Augusta, GA). November 14, 1807.
  15. ^"Our Campaigns - MD US Senate Race - Nov 25, 1806".www.ourcampaigns.com.Retrieved5 November2022.

External links[edit]