1810–11 United States Senate elections
(Redirected from1811 United States Senate election in Kentucky)
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11 of the 34 seats in theUnited States Senate(plus special elections) 18 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Results: Federalist holdDem-Republican hold Legislature Failed To Elect | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The1810–11 United States Senate electionswere held on various dates in various states. As theseU.S. Senateelections were prior to the ratification of theSeventeenth Amendmentin 1913, senators were chosen bystate legislatures.Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1810 and 1811, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due tolegislative deadlock.[1]In these elections, terms were up for the senators inClass 2.
TheDemocratic-Republican Partymaintained their Senate majority. The minority Federalists had gone into the elections with such a small share of Senate seats (8 out of 34, or 23.5%) that, had they won all of the elections, they would still not have reached a majority.
Change in composition[edit]
Before the elections[edit]
Composition after June 1810 special election in New Hampshire.
| DR7 | DR6 | DR5 | DR4 | DR3 | DR2 | DR1 | |||
| DR8 | DR9 | DR10 | DR11 | DR12 | DR13 | DR14 | DR15 | DR16 | DR17 |
| Majority → | DR18 Ga. Ran | ||||||||
| F8 Mass. Ran |
DR26 Va. Ran |
DR25 Tenn. Ran |
DR24 S.C. Retired |
DR23 R.I. Unknown |
DR22 N.C. Ran |
DR21 N.J. Ran |
DR20 N.H. Ran |
DR19 Ky. Retired | |
| F7 Del. Ran |
F6 | F5 | F4 | F3 | F2 | F1 | |||
Result of the regular elections[edit]
| DR7 | DR6 | DR5 | DR4 | DR3 | DR2 | DR1 | |||
| DR8 | DR9 | DR10 | DR11 | DR12 | DR13 | DR14 | DR15 | DR16 | DR17 |
| Majority → | DR18 Ga. Re-elected | ||||||||
| V1 Mass. F Loss |
DR26 Va. Re-elected |
DR25 Tenn. Re-elected |
DR24 S.C. Hold |
DR23 R.I. Hold |
DR22 N.C. Re-elected |
DR21 N.J. Re-elected |
DR20 N.H. Re-elected |
DR19 Ky. Hold | |
| F7 Del. Re-elected |
F6 | F5 | F4 | F3 | F2 | F1 | |||
| Key |
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Race summaries[edit]
Except if/when noted, number following candidates is whole number votes.
Special elections during the 11th Congress[edit]
In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1810 or before March 4, 1811; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Delaware (Class 1) |
Samuel White | Federalist | 1796(special) 1801(Appointed) 1803 1809 |
Incumbent died November 4, 1809. New senatorelectedJanuary 12, 1810. Federalist hold. |
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| New Hampshire (Class 3) |
Nahum Parker | Democratic-Republican | 1807 | Incumbent resigned June 1, 1810. New senatorelectedJune 21, 1810. Federalist gain. |
|
| Connecticut (Class 1) |
James Hillhouse | Federalist | 1796(special) 1797 1803 1809 |
Incumbent resigned June 10, 1810. New senatorelectedJune 1810. Federalist hold. |
|
| Ohio (Class 1) |
Return J. Meigs Jr. | Democratic-Republican | 1808(special) 1808 |
Incumbent resigned December 8, 1810, to becomeGovernor of Ohio. New senatorelectedDecember 15, 1810on the sixth ballot. Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
| South Carolina (Class 2) |
Thomas Sumter | Democratic-Republican | 1801(special) 1809 |
Incumbent resigned December 16, 1810. New senatorelectedDecember 18, 1810on the third ballot. Democratic-Republican hold. Winner also elected to the next term, see below. |
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Races leading to the 12th Congress[edit]
In these regular elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1811 (except where noted due to late election); ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Delaware | James A. Bayard | Federalist | 1804(special) 1805 |
Incumbentre-electedJanuary 8, 1811. |
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| Georgia | William H. Crawford | Democratic-Republican | 1807(special) | Incumbent re-elected in 1810 or 1811. |
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| Kentucky | Henry Clay | Democratic-Republican | 1810(Appointed) | Appointee retired torun for U.S. House of Representatives. New senatorelectedJanuary 8, 1811. Democratic-Republican hold. |
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| Massachusetts | Timothy Pickering | Federalist | 1803(special) 1805 |
Incumbent lost re-election. Legislature failed to elect due to partisan deadlock in theMassachusetts Senate. Federalist loss. |
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| New Hampshire | Nicholas Gilman | Democratic-Republican | 1804 | Incumbentre-electedJune 21, 1810, on the fourth ballot. |
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| New Jersey | John Condit | Democratic-Republican | 1803(Appointed) 1803(special) 1809(Lost) 1809(Appointed) 1809(special) |
Incumbentre-electedNovember 5, 1810. |
|
| North Carolina | James Turner | Democratic-Republican | 1804 | Incumbentre-electedNovember 28, 1810, on the third vote. |
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| Rhode Island | Elisha Mathewson | Democratic-Republican | 1807(special) | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. New senatorelectedNovember 2, 1810. Democratic-Republican hold. |
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| South Carolina | Thomas Sumter | Democratic-Republican | 1801(special) 1809 |
Incumbent resigned December 16, 1810. New senatorelectedDecember 18, 1810, on the third ballot. Democratic-Republican hold. Winner also elected to finish the current term, see above. |
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| Tennessee | Jenkin Whiteside | Democratic-Republican | 1809(special) | Incumbentre-elected earlyOctober 28, 1809. |
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| Virginia | William B. Giles | Democratic-Republican | 1804(Appointed) 1804(special) 1804 |
Incumbentre-electedJanuary 2, 1811. |
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Special elections during the 12th Congress[edit]
In these special elections, the winners were seated in 1811 after March 4; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Massachusetts (Class 2) |
Vacant | Legislature had failed to elect, see above. New senatorelected lateJune 6, 1811on the second ballot. Democratic-Republican gain. |
| ||
| Tennessee (Class 2) |
Jenkin Whiteside | Democratic-Republican | 1809(special) | Incumbent resigned October 8, 1811. New senatorelectedOctober 1, 1811. Democratic-Republican hold. |
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| Rhode Island (Class 1) |
Christopher G. Champlin | Federalist | 1809(special) | Incumbent resigned October 12, 1811. New senatorelectedOctober 28, 1811. Federalist hold. |
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Connecticut (special)[edit]
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Delaware[edit]
Delaware (regular)[edit]
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Delaware (special)[edit]
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Georgia[edit]
| This sectionneeds expansion.You can help byadding to it.(October 2019) |
Kentucky[edit]
| This sectionneeds expansion.You can help byadding to it.(October 2019) |
Massachusetts[edit]
Massachusetts (regular)[edit]
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Massachusetts (special)[edit]
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New Hampshire[edit]
New Hampshire (regular)[edit]
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New Hampshire (special)[edit]
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New Jersey[edit]
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North Carolina[edit]
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Ohio (special)[edit]
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Rhode Island[edit]
Rhode Island (regular)[edit]
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Rhode Island (special)[edit]
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South Carolina[edit]
South Carolina (regular)[edit]
| This sectionneeds expansion.You can help byadding to it.(October 2019) |
South Carolina (special)[edit]
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Tennessee[edit]
Tennessee (regular)[edit]
| This sectionneeds expansion.You can help byadding to it.(October 2019) |
Tennessee (special)[edit]
| This sectionneeds expansion.You can help byadding to it.(October 2019) |
Virginia[edit]
| This sectionneeds expansion.You can help byadding to it.(October 2019) |
See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
- ^abCharles Cutts(NH) has conflicting accounts of whether he was a Democratic-Republican or a Federalist.
References[edit]
- ^"17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)".National Archives and Records Administration.February 8, 2022.
- ^"Delaware 1810 U.S. Senate, Special".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedJanuary 25,2018.,citing Journal of the Delaware House of Representatives, 1810. 26.
- ^"New Hampshire 1810 U.S. Senate, Special".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedJanuary 25,2018.,citing Concord Gazette (Concord, NH). June 26, 1810.
- ^"Connecticut 1810 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedJanuary 26,2018.,citing Connecticut Mirror (Hartford, CT). June 4, 1810.
- ^"Connecticut".The enquirer.Richmond, Va. June 12, 1810. p. 3.Retrieved19 December2021.
- ^Taylor, William A. (1900).Ohio in Congress from 1803 to 1901 with Notes nad Sketches of Senators and Representatives and Other Historical Data and Incidents.Columbus, Ohio:The XX. Century Publishing Co. – viaGoogle Books.
- ^"Ohio 1810 U.S. Senate, Special, Ballot 6".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedJanuary 26,2018.,citing Muskingum Messenger (Zanesville, OH). December 8, 1810. Liberty Hall (Cincinnati, OH). December 24, 1810. The Western Spy (Cincinnati, OH). December 29, 1810,Taylor, William A. (1899).Ohio Statesmen and Annals of Progress: From the year 1788 to the year 1900.Columbus, Ohio:Press of the Westbote. p. 68.
- ^ab"South Carolina 1810 U.S. Senate, Special, Ballot 3".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedJanuary 29,2018.,citing The Spirit of 'Seventy-Six (Washington, DC). January 1, 1811.
- ^"Delaware 1811 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedJanuary 25,2018.,citing American Watchman; and Delaware Republican (Wilmington, DE). January 12, 1811.
- ^"Kentucky 1811 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedJanuary 29,2018.,citing The Reporter (Lexington, KY). January 12, 1811.
- ^"Massachusetts 1810 U.S. Senate, House of Representatives Vote".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedJanuary 29,2018.,citing Columbian Centinel. Massachusetts Federalist (Boston, MA). June 9, 1810.
- ^"Massachusetts 1810 U.S. Senate, State Senate Vote, Ballot 4".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedJanuary 29,2018.,citing Columbian Centinel. Massachusetts Federalist (Boston, MA). June 16, 1810.
- ^"New Hampshire 1810 U.S. Senate, Ballot 4".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedJanuary 25,2018.,citing Concord Gazette (Concord, NH). June 26, 1810. Farmer's Museum (Walpole, NH). July 2, 1810.
- ^"New Jersey 1810 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 22,2018.,citing The True American and Commercial Advertiser (Philadelphia, PA). November 9, 1810.
- ^"North Carolina 1810 U.S. Senate, Ballot 3".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 22,2018.,citing The True Republican, and Newbern Weekly Advertiser (New Bern, NC). December 5, 1810.
- ^"Rhode Island 1810 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 19,2018.,citing The Columbian Phenix (Providence, RI). November 3, 1810.
- ^"Tennessee 1809 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedJanuary 29,2018.,citing Journal of the Tennessee House of Representatives, 1809. 115.
- ^"Virginia 1811 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 22,2018.,citing Independent American (Georgetown, DC). January 8, 1811.
- ^"Massachusetts 1811 U.S. Senate, State Senate Vote, Ballot 2".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedJanuary 29,2018.,citing American Watchman; and Delaware Republican (Wilmington, DE). June 15, 1811. Norfolk Gazette and Publick Ledger (Norfolk, VA). June 17, 1811. Republican Star or Eastern Shore General Advertiser (Easton, MD). June 18, 1811.
- ^"Tennessee 1811 U.S. Senate, Special".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.Archived fromthe originalon July 9, 2021.RetrievedJanuary 29,2018.,citing Wilson's Knoxville Gazette (Knoxville, TN). October 7, 1811.
- ^"Rhode Island 1811 U.S. Senate, Special".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 19,2018.,citing The True American and Commercial Advertiser (Philadelphia, PA). November 8, 1811.
External links[edit]
- Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present,via Senate.gov