1873 in Canada

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See also:	History of Canada; Timeline of Canadian history; List of years in Canada;

Events from the year1873 in Canada.

Incumbents

Crown

Monarch–Victoria^[1]

Federal government

Governor General–Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood
Prime Minister–John A. Macdonald(until November 5) thenAlexander Mackenzie(from November 7)
Parliament–2nd(from 5 March)

Provincial governments

Lieutenant governors

Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia–Joseph Trutch
Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba–Alexander Morris
Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick–Lemuel Allan Wilmot(until November 15) thenSamuel Leonard Tilley
Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia–Charles Hastings Doyle(until May 1) thenJoseph Howe(May 1 to July 4) thenAdams George Archibald
Lieutenant Governor of Ontario–William Pearce Howland(until November 11) thenJohn Willoughby Crawford
Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island–William Cleaver Francis Robinson
Lieutenant Governor of Quebec–Narcisse-Fortunat Belleau(until February 11) thenRené-Édouard Caron

Premiers

Premier of British Columbia–Amor De Cosmos
Premier of Manitoba–Henry Joseph Clarke
Premier of New Brunswick–George Edwin King
Premier of Nova Scotia–William Annand
Premier of Ontario–Oliver Mowat
Premier of Prince Edward Island–James Colledge Pope(until September 1) thenLemuel Cambridge Owen
Premier of Quebec–Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau(until February 26) thenGédéon Ouimet

Territorial governments

Lieutenant governors

Lieutenant Governor of the Northwest Territories–Alexander Morris

Events

January to June 1873

February 26 –Gédéon OuimetbecomesPremier of Quebec,replacingPierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau.
April 1
- 1873 Prince Edward Island general election.
- James PopebecomesPremier of Prince Edward Islandfor the second time, replacingRobert Haythorne.
- TheSSAtlanticis wrecked offPeggys Cove.
April 2 – ThePacific Scandalbreaks out.
May 13 – Sixty are killed in acoal mineexplosion inNova Scotia.
May 23 –North-West Mounted Policeare founded topolicetheNorthwest Territories,which then included the region today ofAlbertaandSaskatchewan.
June 1 – TheCypress Hills Massacreoccurs.

July to December

July 1 –Prince Edward Islandjoins theCanadian Confederation.
August 25 – AcyclonehitsCape Breton Island,killing 500 and causing much damage.
September 1 –L. C. OwenbecomesPremier of Prince Edward Island,replacing James Pope.
September 23 – TheCanadian Labour Unionis founded.
November –1873 Newfoundland general election.
November 5 –Pacific Scandal:theHouse of Commons of Canadapasses avote of no confidencein SirJohn A. Macdonald's government.
November 7 – Pacific Scandal: Sir John A. resigns asPrime Minister of Canada,andAlexander Mackenzieis appointed in his place.
November 8 –Winnipegincorporated as a city.

Sport

October 4 – The Argonauts Football Club (Toronto Argonauts) are established

Smallpox

In the opening speech to the 1872-1873Epidemiological Societyconference, Inspector-General Robert Lawson drew attention to the recent prevalence ofhaemorrhagicforms ofsmallpoxin both the United States and Canada, among other countries. During thesmallpox pandemic of 1870-1874,the disease had been carried to America by emigrants, where it had already infected thousands, and killed hundreds in eastern cities such as Boston and New York.^[2]

Births

January to June

January 10 –George Orton,middle-distance runner and Olympic gold medallist, first Canadian to win an Olympic medal (d.1958)
January 19 –Thomas Dufferin Pattullo,politician and 22ndPremier of British Columbia(d.1956)
February 4 –Étienne Desmarteau,athlete and Olympic gold medallist (d.1905)
April 9 –Walter Edward Foster,businessman, politician and 16thPremier of New Brunswick(d.1947)
April 10 –George Black,politician (d.1965)
May 12 –J. E. H. MacDonald,artist of theGroup of Seven(d.1932)
May 17 –Albert Edward Matthews,16th Lieutenant Governor ofOntario(d.1949)

July to December

August 27 –Maud Allan,actor, dancer and choreographer (d.1956)
September 20 –Sidney Olcott,film producer, director, actor and screenwriter (d.1949)
October 20 (or 29) –Nellie McClung,feminist, politician and social activist (d.1951)^[3]
November 21 –Aimé Bénard,politician (d.1938)
December 8 –John Duncan MacLean,teacher, physician, politician and Premier ofBritish Columbia(d.1948)
December 9 –George Blewett,academic and philosopher (d.1912)

Full date unknown

Margaret C. MacDonald,nurse (d.1948)

Deaths

May 15 –William James Anderson,physician, amateur geologist and historian (b.1812)
May 20 –George-Étienne Cartier,politician and statesman (b.1814)
May 28 –Thomas Brown Anderson,merchant, banker and politician (b.1796)
June 1 –Joseph Howe,Premier of Nova Scotia (b.1804)
June 28 –Charles Connell,politician (b.1810)
November 21 –James William Johnston,lawyer, politician, and judge (b.1792)
December 9 –William Steeves,politician (b.1814)

Historical documents

Non-confidence moved in House of Commons overGovernment accepting election fundingfrom group hoping to build CPR^[4]

Why theGovernor Generaldid not dismissPrime Minister Macdonaldover thePacific Scandal^[5]

Metis leaderAmbroise Lepinesentenced to death for the murder ofThomas Scottin 1870 at Red River^[6]

House of Commons speeches on issues withIndigenous peoplein theNorthwest Territories^[7]

British Columbia Indian superintendentreports on the economic activity of Indigenous people^[8]

References

^"Queen Victoria | The Canadian Encyclopedia".www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca.Retrieved5 December2022.
^Rolleston, J. D. (1 December 1933)."The Smallpox Pandemic of 1870–1874: President's Address".Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine.27(2): 177–192.doi:10.1177/003591573302700245.ISSN 0035-9157.
^Elizabeth Gillan Muir; Marilyn Färdig Whiteley (1995).Changing Roles of Women Within the Christian Church in Canada.University of Toronto Press. pp. 340–.ISBN 978-0-8020-7623-6.
^"House of Commons; Wednesday, April 2, 1873"House of Commons Debates; First Session – Second Parliament,pg. 179. Accessed 24 September 2018
^Governor General Lord Dufferin,Message: Papers Relative to the Prorogation of Parliament on the 13th Day of August 1873(1873), especially pg. 17 and after. Accessed 15 September 2018
^"Sentence"Preliminary Investigation and Trial of Ambroise D. Lepine for the Murder of Thomas Scott (1874), pgs. 124-7. Accessed 15 September 2018
^Robert Cunningham; Donald Alexander Smith,Speeches on the Indian Difficulties in the North-West, Delivered(...)in the House of Commons, April 1st, 1873(1873). Accessed 15 September 2018
^"Abstract of the Report of J.W. Powell,(...)1873"Annual Report on Indian Affairs, for Year Ending 30th June,1872, pgs. 7–10. Accessed 19 September 2018

[1] "Queen Victoria | The Canadian Encyclopedia".www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca.Retrieved5 December2022.

[RSM_Rolleston_19331201-2] Rolleston, J. D. (1 December 1933)."The Smallpox Pandemic of 1870–1874: President's Address".Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine.27(2): 177–192.doi:10.1177/003591573302700245.ISSN 0035-9157.

[MuirWhiteley1995-3] Elizabeth Gillan Muir; Marilyn Färdig Whiteley (1995).Changing Roles of Women Within the Christian Church in Canada.University of Toronto Press. pp. 340–.ISBN 978-0-8020-7623-6.

[4] "House of Commons; Wednesday, April 2, 1873"House of Commons Debates; First Session – Second Parliament,pg. 179. Accessed 24 September 2018

[5] Governor General Lord Dufferin,Message: Papers Relative to the Prorogation of Parliament on the 13th Day of August 1873(1873), especially pg. 17 and after. Accessed 15 September 2018

[6] "Sentence"Preliminary Investigation and Trial of Ambroise D. Lepine for the Murder of Thomas Scott (1874), pgs. 124-7. Accessed 15 September 2018

[7] Robert Cunningham; Donald Alexander Smith,Speeches on the Indian Difficulties in the North-West, Delivered(...)in the House of Commons, April 1st, 1873(1873). Accessed 15 September 2018

[8] "Abstract of the Report of J.W. Powell,(...)1873"Annual Report on Indian Affairs, for Year Ending 30th June,1872, pgs. 7–10. Accessed 19 September 2018

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