1884 United States House of Representatives elections
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All 325 seats in theUnited States House of Representatives 163 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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![]() Elections results from the 1884 elections | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The1884 United States House of Representatives electionswere held for the most part on November 4, 1884, with four states holding theirs early between June and October. They coincided with the election ofPresidentGrover Cleveland.Elections were held for 325 seats of theUnited States House of Representatives,representing 38 states, to serve in the49th United States Congress.Special elections were also held throughout the year.
In spite of Cleveland's victory, the oppositionRepublican Partygained back some of the seats lost in 1882, but theDemocratic Partyretained a majority in the House. Republicans were able to make these slight gains by connecting their pro-business and industry message with progress. The Democrats were also hindered by thePanic of 1884,but were not greatly affected by it since the depression ended quickly.
Election summaries[edit]
183 | 1 | 141 |
Democratic | [e] | Republican |
State | Type | Total seats |
Democratic | Republican | Others | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | |||
Alabama | District | 8 | 8 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Arkansas | District[f] | 5 | 5 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
California | District[f] | 6 | 1 | ![]() |
5 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Colorado | At-large | 1 | 0 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Connecticut | District | 4 | 2 | ![]() |
2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Delaware | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Florida | District | 2 | 2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Georgia | District[f] | 10 | 10 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Illinois | District | 20 | 10 | ![]() |
10 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Indiana | District | 13 | 9 | ![]() |
4 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Iowa | District | 11 | 3 | ![]() |
7 | ![]() |
1[g] | ![]() |
Kansas | District[f] | 7 | 0 | ![]() |
7 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Kentucky | District | 11 | 10 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Louisiana | District | 6 | 5 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Maine[h] | District[i] | 4 | 0 | ![]() |
4 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Maryland | District | 6 | 5 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Massachusetts | District | 12 | 2 | ![]() |
10 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Michigan | District | 11 | 7 | ![]() |
4 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Minnesota | District | 5 | 0 | ![]() |
5 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Mississippi | District | 7 | 7 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Missouri | District | 14 | 12 | ![]() |
2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Nebraska | District | 3 | 0 | ![]() |
3 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Nevada | At-large | 1 | 0 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
New Hampshire | District | 2 | 0 | ![]() |
2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
New Jersey | District | 7 | 3 | ![]() |
4 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
New York | District[f] | 34 | 17[d] | ![]() |
17 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
North Carolina | District[f] | 9 | 8 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Ohio[h] | District | 21 | 11 | ![]() |
10 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Oregon[h] | At-large | 1 | 0 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Pennsylvania | District + at-large |
28 | 8 | ![]() |
20 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Rhode Island | District | 2 | 0 | ![]() |
2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
South Carolina | District | 7 | 6 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Tennessee | District | 10 | 7 | ![]() |
3 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Texas | District | 11 | 11 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Vermont[h] | District | 2 | 0 | ![]() |
2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Virginia | District[f] | 10 | 8 | ![]() |
2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
West Virginia | District | 4 | 3 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Wisconsin | District | 9 | 2 | ![]() |
7 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Total | 325 | 183[1][d] 56.3% |
![]() |
141[1] 43.4% |
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1[1] 0.6% |
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Early election dates[edit]
In 1884, four states, with 28 seats among them, held elections early:
Special elections[edit]
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Arkansas 3 | James K. Jones | Democratic | 1880 | Incumbent resigned February 19, 1885. New member electedSeptember 7, 1885. Democratic hold |
|
South Carolina 7 | Edmund W. M. Mackey | Republican | 1880 | Incumbent died January 27, 1884. New member electedMarch 18, 1884. Republican hold. |
|
Iowa 7 | |||||
Indiana 13 | William H. Calkins | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent resigned October 20, 1884. New member electedNovember 4, 1884. Anti-Monopoly gain. Successor had not been a candidate for the next term;see below. |
|
South Carolina 4 | John H. Evins | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent died October 20, 1884. New member electedNovember 12, 1884. Democratic hold. Successor had not been a candidate for the next term;see below. |
|
Kansas 2 |
Alabama[edit]
Arkansas[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Arkansas 1 | Poindexter Dunn | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Arkansas 2 | Clifton R. Breckinridge Redistricted fromat-large district. |
Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Arkansas 3 | James K. Jones Redistricted from2nd district. |
Democratic | 1880 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Arkansas 4 | John H. Rogers Redistricted from3rd district. |
Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Arkansas 5 | Samuel W. Peel Redistricted from4th district. |
Democratic | 1882 | New seat. Incumbent re-elected. |
|
California[edit]
Two new districts were created for the seats gained in the 1882 reapportionment, eliminating theat-large districtthat had been created for them.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
California 1 | Barclay Henley Redistricted from the 2nd district |
Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
California 2 | Charles A. Sumner Redistricted from theat-large district |
Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain |
|
California 3 | John R. Glascock Redistricted from theat-large district |
Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain |
|
California 4 | William Rosecrans Redistricted from the 1st district |
Democratic | 1880 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain |
|
California 5 | Pleasant B. Tully Redistricted from the 4th district |
Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain |
|
California 6 | None (District created) | New seat Republican gain |
|
Colorado[edit]
Connecticut[edit]
Delaware[edit]
Florida[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Florida 1 | Robert H. M. Davidson | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Florida 2 | Horatio Bisbee Jr. | Republican | 1880 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain |
|
Georgia[edit]
Illinois[edit]
Indiana[edit]
Iowa[edit]
Kansas[edit]
Kentucky[edit]
Louisiana[edit]
Maine[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maine 1 | Thomas B. Reed Redistricted from theat-large district |
Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maine 2 | Nelson Dingley Jr. Redistricted from theat-large district |
Republican | 1881(special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maine 3 | Seth L. Milliken Redistricted from theat-large district |
Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maine 4 | Charles A. Boutelle Redistricted from theat-large district |
Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maryland[edit]
Massachusetts[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Massachusetts 1 | Robert T. Davis | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 2 | John Davis Long | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 3 | Ambrose A. Ranney | Republican | 1880 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 4 | Patrick A. Collins | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 5 | Leopold Morse | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Massachusetts 6 | Henry B. Lovering | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 7 | Eben F. Stone | Republican | 1880 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 8 | William A. Russell | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Massachusetts 9 | Theodore Lyman III | Independent Republican | 1882 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Massachusetts 10 | William W. Rice | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 11 | William Whiting II | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 12 | Francis W. Rockwell | Republican | Jan. 1884 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Michigan[edit]
Minnesota[edit]
Mississippi[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Mississippi 1 | Henry L. Muldrow | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent retired to becomeFirst Assistant Secretary of the Interior. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Mississippi 2 | James R. Chalmers | Independent | 1882[l] | Incumbent lost re-election as a Republican. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
Mississippi 3 | Elza Jeffords | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
Mississippi 4 | Hernando Money | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Mississippi 5 | Otho R. Singleton | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 6 | Henry S. Van Eaton | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 7 | Ethelbert Barksdale | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Missouri[edit]
Nebraska[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Nebraska 1 | Archibald J. Weaver | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Nebraska 2 | James Laird | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Nebraska 3 | Edward K. Valentine | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Nevada[edit]
New Hampshire[edit]
New Jersey[edit]
New York[edit]
North Carolina[edit]
Ohio[edit]
Oregon[edit]
Pennsylvania[edit]
Rhode Island[edit]
South Carolina[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
South Carolina 1 | Samuel Dibble | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 2 | George D. Tillman | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 3 | D. Wyatt Aiken | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 4 | John H. Evins | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent died October 20, 1884. New member elected. Democratic hold. Winner was not elected to finish the current term. |
|
South Carolina 5 | John J. Hemphill | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 6 | George W. Dargan | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 7 | Robert Smalls | Republican | 1884(special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Tennessee 1 | Augustus H. Pettibone | Republican | 1880 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 2 | Leonidas C. Houk | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 3 | George G. Dibrell | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Tennessee 4 | Benton McMillin | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 5 | Richard Warner | Democratic | 1880 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Tennessee 6 | Andrew J. Caldwell | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 7 | John G. Ballentine | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 8 | John M. Taylor | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 9 | Rice A. Pierce | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Tennessee 10 | H. Casey Young | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Texas[edit]
Vermont[edit]
Virginia[edit]
West Virginia[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
West Virginia 1 | Nathan Goff Jr. | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
West Virginia 2 | William L. Wilson | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
West Virginia 3 | Charles P. Snyder | Democratic | 1883 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
West Virginia 4 | Eustace Gibson | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin[edit]
Wisconsin elected nine members of congress on Election Day, November 4, 1884.[30][31]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Wisconsin 1 | John Winans | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Wisconsin 2 | Daniel H. Sumner | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent lost re-nomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Wisconsin 3 | Burr W. Jones | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Wisconsin 4 | Peter V. Deuster | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Wisconsin 5 | Joseph Rankin | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 6 | Richard W. Guenther | Republican | 1880 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 7 | Gilbert M. Woodward | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Wisconsin 8 | William T. Price | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 9 | Isaac Stephenson | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Non-voting delegates[edit]
Idaho Territory[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Idaho Territory at-large | Theodore F. Singiser | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent lost re-election. New delegate elected. Democratic gain. |
|
Montana Territory[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Montana Territory at-large | Martin Maginnis | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent retired. New delegate elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Wyoming Territory[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Wyoming Territory at-large | Morton E. Post | Democratic | 1880 | Incumbent retired. New delegate elected. Republican gain. |
|
See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
- ^Four states held early elections between June 2 and October 14.
- ^abcDubin (p. 271) counts 182 Democrats, 142 Republicans, and 1 Greenback at the start of the49th United States Congress.
- ^Included 2Independent Democratsand 1Independent Republican.
- ^abcIncludes 1Independent Democrat,Truman A. MerrimanofNY-11.
- ^There was 1 Greenback member.
- ^abcdefgAt-large seats eliminated in redistricting.
- ^abGreenback Party
- ^abcdElections held early.
- ^Changed from at-large.
- ^abIndependentin previous election.
- ^Readjuster Party
- ^Initial victor wasVan. H. Manning,but election was overturned in 1884.
References[edit]
- ^abcdefMartis, pp. 138–139.
- ^"SC - District 07 Special Election".Our Campaigns.Retrieved13 June2021.
- ^"Our Campaigns - IN - District 13 Special Election Race - Nov 04, 1884".www.ourcampaigns.com.Retrieved9 October2021.
- ^"Our Campaigns - SC - District 04 Special Election Race - Nov 12, 1884".
- ^abcdeGuide to U.S. Elections.Vol. II (6th ed.).Washington, D.C.:CQ Press.2010. p. 1074.ISBN9781604265361.LCCN2009033938.OCLC430736650.
- ^"MS - District 01".Our Campaigns.Retrieved13 March2021.
- ^"MS - District 02".Our Campaigns.Retrieved13 March2021.
- ^"MS - District 03".Our Campaigns.Retrieved13 March2021.
- ^"MS - District 04".Our Campaigns.Retrieved13 March2021.
- ^"MS - District 05".Our Campaigns.Retrieved13 March2021.
- ^"MS - District 06".Our Campaigns.Retrieved13 March2021.
- ^"MS - District 07".Our Campaigns.Retrieved13 March2021.
- ^"Our Campaigns - NE - District 01 Race - Nov 4, 1884".www.ourcampaigns.com.Retrieved24 September2021.
- ^"Our Campaigns - NE - District 02 Race - Nov 4, 1884".www.ourcampaigns.com.Retrieved24 September2021.
- ^"Our Campaigns - NE - District 03 Race - Nov 4, 1884".www.ourcampaigns.com.Retrieved24 September2021.
- ^"TN - District 01".Our Campaigns.Retrieved24 February2021.
- ^"TN - District 02".Our Campaigns.Retrieved24 February2021.
- ^"TN - District 03".Our Campaigns.Retrieved24 February2021.
- ^"TN - District 04".Our Campaigns.Retrieved24 February2021.
- ^"TN - District 05".Our Campaigns.Retrieved24 February2021.
- ^"TN - District 06".Our Campaigns.Retrieved24 February2021.
- ^"TN - District 07".Our Campaigns.Retrieved24 February2021.
- ^"TN - District 08".Our Campaigns.Retrieved24 February2021.
- ^"TN - District 09".Our Campaigns.Retrieved24 February2021.
- ^"TN - District 10".Our Campaigns.Retrieved24 February2021.
- ^"WV District 01".Our Campaigns.Retrieved17 April2021.
- ^"WV District 02".Our Campaigns.Retrieved17 April2021.
- ^"WV District 03".Our Campaigns.Retrieved17 April2021.
- ^"WV District 04".Our Campaigns.Retrieved17 April2021.
- ^"Wisconsin U.S. House Election Results"(PDF).Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on April 5, 2012.RetrievedNovember 19,2021– viaWayback Machine.
- ^Heg, J. E., ed. (1885)."Biographical"(PDF).The Blue Book of the State of Wisconsin(Report).Madison, Wisconsin:State of Wisconsin. pp. 413–415.RetrievedNovember 19,2021.
- ^"ID Territorial Delegate".www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^"Our Campaigns - MT Territorial Delegate Race - Nov 04, 1884".www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^"WY Territorial Delegate".Our Campaigns.Retrieved11 April2021.
Bibliography[edit]
- Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998).United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses.McFarland and Company.ISBN978-0786402830.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989).The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989.Macmillan Publishing Company.ISBN978-0029201701.
- Moore, John L., ed. (1994).Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections(Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc.ISBN978-0871879967.
- "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present".Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives.RetrievedJanuary 21,2015.
External links[edit]
- Office of the Historian(Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)