1894 United States House of Representatives elections
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All 356 seats in theUnited States House of Representatives[c] 179 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Results: Democratic gainRepublican gain Democratic holdRepublican hold Populist gainPopulist hold Silver hold | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The1894 United States House of Representatives electionswere held from June 4, 1894, to November 6, 1894, withspecial electionsthroughout the year. Elections were held to elect representatives from all 356congressional districtsacross each of the 44U.S. statesat the time, as well asnon-voting delegatesfrom the inhabitedU.S. territories.The winners of this election served in the54th Congress,with seats apportioned among the states based on the1890 United States census.
The elections comprised a significantpolitical realignment,with a majorRepublicanlandslide that set the stage for the decisiveelection of 1896.The 1894 elections came in the middle ofDemocraticPresidentGrover Cleveland's second term. The nation was in its deepest economic depression yet following thePanic of 1893,which pushed economic issues to the forefront. In the spring,a major coal strikedamaged the economy of theMidwestandMid-Atlantic.It was accompanied by violence; the miners lost and many joined thePopulist Party.Immediately after the coal strike concluded,Eugene V. Debsleda nationwide railroad strike.It shut down the nation's transportation system west ofDetroitfor weeks, until President Cleveland's use of federal troops ended the strike. Debs went to prison for disobeying a court order.Illinois GovernorJohn Peter Altgeld,a Democrat, broke bitterly with Cleveland.
The fragmented and disoriented Democratic Party was crushed everywhere outside of the South, losing more than 55% of its seats to the Republican Party. The Democrats did so poorly that even in the South, they lost seats to the Republican-Populistelectoral fusioninAlabama,North Carolina,Tennessee,andTexas.[2][3]The Democrats ultimately lost 127 seats in this election, with the Republicans gaining 130 seats after the resolution of several contested elections.
The Democratic Party failed to win one seat in twenty-four states and only won one seat in six states. Prominent Democrats in the house includingRichard P. Bland,William S. Holman,William M. Springer,andWilliam L. Wilsonwere defeated in the election.[4]As of 2022, the 1894 election represents the largest seat swing in a single election in the history of the House of Representatives; the only other occasion where a political party has suffered triple-digit losses was in1932.
The main issues revolved around the severe economic depression, which the Republicans blamed on the conservativeBourbon Democratsled by Cleveland. Cleveland supporters lost heavily, weakening their hold on the party and setting the stage for an 1896 takeover by the free silver wing of the party. The Populist Party ran candidates in the South and Midwest, but generally lost ground outside of the South. The Democrats tried to raise a religious issue, claiming the GOP was in cahoots with theanti-CatholicAmerican Protective Association;the allegations seem to have fallen flat as Catholics swung towards the GOP.[5]
Election summaries[edit]
93 | 10 | 254 |
Democratic | [h] | Republican |
State | Type | Total seats |
Democratic | Populist | Republican | Silver | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | |||
Alabama | District | 9 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | |
Arkansas | District | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
California | District | 7 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 0 | |
Colorado | District | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Connecticut | District | 4 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 0 | ||
Delaware | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Florida | District | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Georgia | District | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Idaho | At-large | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||
Illinois | District | 22 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 22 | 11 | 0 | ||
Indiana | District | 13 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 13 | 11 | 0 | ||
Iowa | District | 11 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 11 | 1 | 0 | ||
Kansas | District +at-large |
8 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 0 | ||
Kentucky | District | 11 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 6 | 5 | 0 | ||
Louisiana | District | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Maine[i] | District | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | ||||
Maryland | District | 6 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||
Massachusetts | District | 13 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 12 | 3 | 0 | ||
Michigan | District | 12 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 12 | 5 | 0 | ||
Minnesota | District | 7 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 3 | 0 | |
Mississippi | District | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Missouri | District | 15 | 4 | 9 | 0 | 11 | 9 | 0 | ||
Montana | At-large | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||
Nebraska | District | 6 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 0 | |
Nevada | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
New Hampshire | District | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||||
New Jersey | District | 8 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 8 | 6 | 0 | ||
New York | District | 34 | 4 | 16 | 0 | 30 | 16 | 0 | ||
North Carolina | District | 9 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 0 | |
North Dakota | At-large | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||
Ohio | District | 21 | 2 | 9 | 0 | 19 | 9 | 0 | ||
Oregon[i] | District | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||||
Pennsylvania | District +2 at-large |
30 | 2 | 8 | 0 | 28 | 8 | 0 | ||
Rhode Island | District | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||
South Carolina | District | 7 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||
South Dakota | At-large | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||||
Tennessee | District | 10 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 0 | ||
Texas | District | 13 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Vermont[i] | District | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||||
Virginia | District | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||
Washington | At-large | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||||
West Virginia | District | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||
Wisconsin | District | 10 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 10 | 6 | 0 | ||
Wyoming | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Total[c] | 356 | 93[e] 26.1% |
107 | 9[e] 2.5% |
4 | 253[e] 71.1% |
110 | 1[e] 0.3% |
1 |
Special elections[edit]
15special electionstook place in 1894 leading up to and following the general election. They are listed below in order of election date then by state and district. Republicans flipped 3 seats in the special elections inNew York's 14th,Kentucky's 9th,andMaryland's 5thcongressional districts.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Virginia 7 | Charles T. O'Ferrall | Democratic | 1884(special) | Incumbent resigned December 28, 1893 after being electedGovernor of Virginia. New member electedJanuary 30, 1894. Democratic hold. Winner later re-elected in November;see below. |
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New York 14 | John R. Fellows | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent resigned December 31, 1893 to becomeDistrict Attorney of New York City. New member electedJanuary 30, 1894. Republican gain. Winner later re-elected in November;see below. |
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Pennsylvania at-large | William Lilly | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent died December 1, 1893. New member electedFebruary 26, 1894. Republican hold. |
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South Carolina 1 | William H. Brawley | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent resigned February 12, 1894, to become judge for theUnited States District Court for the District of South Carolina. New member electedApril 12, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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Maryland 1 | Robert F. Brattan | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent died May 10, 1894. New member electedNovember 6, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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Ohio 3 | George W. Houk | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent died February 9, 1894. New member electedMay 21, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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Wisconsin 7 | George B. Shaw | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent died August 27, 1894. New member electedNovember 6, 1894. Republican hold.[8] |
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Alabama 3 | William C. Oates | Democratic | 1880 | Incumbent resigned November 5, 1894, after being electedGovernor of Alabama. New member electedNovember 6, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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Kentucky 9 | Thomas H. Paynter | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent resigned January 5, 1895, having been elected to theKentucky Court of Appeals. New member electedNovember 6, 1894,but didn't take his seat until March 4, 1895. Republican gain. |
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Maryland 5 | Barnes Compton | Democratic | 1884 1890(lost contest) 1890 |
Incumbent resigned May 15, 1894, to become a naval officer. New member electedNovember 6, 1894. Republican gain. |
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Arkansas 2 | Clifton R. Breckinridge | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent resigned August 14, 1894, to becomeU.S. Minister to Russia. New member electedDecember 3, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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Kentucky 10 | Marcus C. Lisle | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent died July 7, 1894. New member electedDecember 3, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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Louisiana 4 | Newton C. Blanchard | Democratic | 1880 | Incumbent resigned March 12, 1894, to become aU.S. Senator. New member electedDecember 3, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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Ohio 2 | John A. Caldwell | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent resigned April 4, 1894, to becomeMayor of Cincinnati. New member electedDecember 3, 1894. Republican hold. |
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New York 15 | Ashbel P. Fitch | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent resigned December 26, 1893, to becomeNew York City Comptroller. New member electedDecember 30, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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Early election dates[edit]
In 1894, three states, with 8 seats among them, held elections early:
Alabama[edit]
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Arkansas[edit]
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California[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
California 1 | Thomas J. Geary | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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California 2 | Anthony Caminetti | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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California 3 | Warren B. English | Democratic | 1892(contested) | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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California 4 | James G. Maguire | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 5 | Eugene F. Loud | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 6 | Marion Cannon | Populist | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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California 7 | William W. Bowers | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Colorado[edit]
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Connecticut[edit]
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Delaware[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Delaware at-large | John W. Causey | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Florida[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Florida 1 | Stephen R. Mallory | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Florida 2 | Charles Merian Cooper | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Georgia[edit]
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Idaho[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Idaho at-large | Willis Sweet | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Illinois[edit]
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Indiana[edit]
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Iowa[edit]
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Kansas[edit]
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Kentucky[edit]
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Louisiana[edit]
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Maine[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maine 1 | Thomas B. Reed | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maine 2 | Nelson Dingley Jr. | Republican | 1881(special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maine 3 | Seth L. Milliken | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maine 4 | Charles A. Boutelle | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maryland[edit]
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Massachusetts[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Massachusetts 1 | Ashley B. Wright | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 2 | Frederick H. Gillett | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 3 | Joseph H. Walker | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 4 | Lewis D. Apsley | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 5 | Moses T. Stevens | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 6 | William Cogswell | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 7 | William Everett | Democratic | 1893 (special) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 8 | Samuel W. McCall | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 9 | Joseph H. O'Neil | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Massachusetts 10 | Michael J. McEttrick | Citizens Democratic |
1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 11 | William F. Draper | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 12 | Elijah A. Morse | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 13 | Charles S. Randall | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Michigan[edit]
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Minnesota[edit]
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Mississippi[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Mississippi 1 | John M. Allen | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 2 | John C. Kyle | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 3 | Thomas C. Catchings | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 4 | Hernando Money | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 5 | John S. Williams | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 6 | T. R. Stockdale | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Mississippi 7 | Charles E. Hooker | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Missouri[edit]
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Montana[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Montana at-large | Charles S. Hartman | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nebraska[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Nebraska 1 | William Jennings Bryan | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired torun for U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Nebraska 2 | David H. Mercer | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nebraska 3 | George de Rue Meiklejohn | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nebraska 4 | Eugene Jerome Hainer | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nebraska 5 | William A. McKeighan | Populist | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Nebraska 6 | Omer Madison Kem | Populist | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nevada[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Nevada at-large | Francis G. Newlands | Silver | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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New Hampshire[edit]
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New Jersey[edit]
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New Mexico[edit]
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New York[edit]
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North Carolina[edit]
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North Dakota[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
North Dakota at-large | Martin N. Johnson | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[27] | |
Ohio 1 | Bellamy Storer | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Ohio 2 | Jacob H. Bromwell | Republican | 1894 (s) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 3 | Paul J. Sorg | Democratic | 1894 (s) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 4 | Fernando C. Layton | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 5 | Dennis D. Donovan | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Ohio 6 | George W. Hulick | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 7 | George W. Wilson | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 8 | Luther M. Strong | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 9 | Byron F. Ritchie | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Ohio 10 | Hezekiah S. Bundy | Republican | 1893 (s) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Ohio 11 | Charles H. Grosvenor | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 12 | Joseph H. Outhwaite | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Ohio 13 | Darius D. Hare | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Ohio 14 | Michael D. Harter | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Ohio 15 | H. Clay Van Voorhis | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 16 | Albert J. Pearson | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Ohio 17 | James A. D. Richards | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Ohio 18 | George P. Ikirt | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Ohio 19 | Stephen A. Northway | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 20 | William J. White | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Ohio 21 | Tom L. Johnson | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Oregon[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Oregon 1 | Binger Hermann | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Oregon 2 | William R. Ellis | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Pennsylvania[edit]
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Rhode Island[edit]
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South Carolina[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
South Carolina 1 | James F. Izlar | Democratic | 1894(special) | Incumbent retired. Democratic loss. |
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George W. Murray Redistricted from the 7th district |
Republican | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. Murray successfully challenged Elliott's election and was awarded the seat on June 4, 1896.[31] | ||
South Carolina 2 | W. Jasper Talbert | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 3 | Asbury Latimer | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 4 | George W. Shell | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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South Carolina 5 | Thomas J. Strait | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 6 | John L. McLaurin | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 7 | None (New district) | New district. Democratic gain. The election was voided on June 1, 1896, due to electoral fraud. |
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South Dakota[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
South Dakota at-large 2 seats |
John Pickler | Republican | 1889 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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William V. Lucas | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
Tennessee[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Tennessee 1 | Alfred A. Taylor | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Tennessee 2 | John C. Houk | Republican | 1891(special) | Incumbent lost re-election as an Independent Republican. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Tennessee 3 | Henry C. Snodgrass | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Tennessee 4 | Benton McMillin | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 5 | James D. Richardson | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 6 | Joseph E. Washington | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 7 | Nicholas N. Cox | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 8 | Benjamin A. Enloe | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Tennessee 9 | James C. McDearmon | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 10 | Josiah Patterson | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Texas 1 | Joseph C. Hutcheson | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas 2 | Samuel B. Cooper | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas 3 | Constantine B. Kilgore | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Texas 4 | Benton McMillin | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas 5 | Joseph W. Bailey | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas 6 | Jo Abbott | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. | |
Texas 7 | George C. Pendleton | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas 8 | Charles K. Bell | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas 9 | Joseph D. Sayers | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas 10 | Walter Gresham | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Texas 11 | William H. Crain | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas 12 | Thomas M. Paschal | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Texas 13 | Jeremiah V. Cockrell | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Vermont[edit]
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Virginia[edit]
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Washington[edit]
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West Virginia[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
West Virginia 1 | John O. Pendleton | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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West Virginia 2 | William Lyne Wilson | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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West Virginia 3 | John D. Alderson | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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West Virginia 4 | James Capehart | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Wisconsin[edit]
Wisconsin elected ten members of congress on Election Day, November 6, 1894.[8][60]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Wisconsin 1 | Henry Allen Cooper | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Wisconsin 2 | Charles Barwig | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Wisconsin 3 | Joseph W. Babcock | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Wisconsin 4 | Peter J. Somers | Democratic | 1893 | Incumbent declined re-nomination. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Wisconsin 5 | George H. Brickner | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent declined re-nomination. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Wisconsin 6 | Owen A. Wells | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Wisconsin 7 | George B. Shaw | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent died August 27, 1894. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Wisconsin 8 | Lyman E. Barnes | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Wisconsin 9 | Thomas Lynch | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Wisconsin 10 | Nils P. Haugen | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent declined re-nomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Wyoming[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Wyoming at-large | Henry A. Coffeen | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Non-voting delegates[edit]
Oklahoma Territory[edit]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Oklahoma Territory at-large | Dennis T. Flynn | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
- ^Three states held early elections between June 4 and September 10.
- ^Not including special elections
- ^abIncludes late elections.
- ^Includes two vacancies.
- ^abcdefghMartis's figure includes Utah, which held its election in 1895 and is therefore not covered in this article.[1]
- ^abcDubin (p. 312) counts 244 Republicans, 105 Democrats, 7 Populists, and 1 Silver at the opening of the54th Congress,before the results of several contested elections were overturned in favor of Republican (and a few Populist) candidates. Dubin counts 253 Republicans, 93 Democrats, 9 Populists, and 1 Silver at the start of the 2nd session of the 54th Congress, which closely matches Martis' figure (pp. 148–49). Dubin's figure includes Utah, which held its election in 1895 and is therefore not covered in this article.
- ^Includes five vacancies.
- ^Populists won 9 seats and Silver won 1.
- ^abcElections held early.
- ^Full name unavailable.
References[edit]
- ^Martis, pp. 148–49.
- ^"Senate and House Secured; Republican Control in the Next Congress Assured".The New York Times.November 9, 1894. p. 5.
- ^"African-Americans and Populism".Archived fromthe originalon June 22, 2006.RetrievedJuly 2,2010.
- ^Murphy, Paul (1974).Political Parties In American History, Volume 3, 1890-present.G. P. Putnam's Sons.
- ^Jensen (1971), Chap. 9.
- ^"Our Campaigns - VA - District 07 Special Election Race - Jan 30, 1894".Our Campaigns.
- ^"NY - District 14 - History".Our Campaigns.
- ^ab"Wisconsin U.S. House Election Results"(PDF).Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on April 5, 2012.RetrievedMarch 8,2022– viaWayback Machine.
- ^"Our Campaigns - DE District At Large Race - Nov 06, 1894".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 30,2023.
- ^"ID At Large".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 4,2021.
- ^"MS - District 01".Our Campaigns.RetrievedMarch 14,2021.
- ^"MS - District 02".Our Campaigns.RetrievedMarch 14,2021.
- ^"MS - District 03".Our Campaigns.RetrievedMarch 14,2021.
- ^"MS - District 04".Our Campaigns.RetrievedMarch 14,2021.
- ^"MS - District 05".Our Campaigns.RetrievedMarch 14,2021.
- ^"MS - District 06".Our Campaigns.RetrievedMarch 14,2021.
- ^"MS - District 07".Our Campaigns.RetrievedMarch 14,2021.
- ^"MT At-Large".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 5,2021.
- ^"Our Campaigns - NE - District 01 Race - Nov 6, 1894".www.ourcampaigns.com.RetrievedSeptember 26,2021.
- ^"Our Campaigns - NE - District 02 Race - Nov 6, 1894".www.ourcampaigns.com.RetrievedSeptember 26,2021.
- ^"Our Campaigns - NE - District 03 Race - Nov 6, 1894".www.ourcampaigns.com.RetrievedSeptember 26,2021.
- ^"Our Campaigns - NE - District 04 Race - Nov 6, 1894".www.ourcampaigns.com.RetrievedSeptember 26,2021.
- ^"Our Campaigns - NE - District 05 Race - Nov 6, 1894".www.ourcampaigns.com.RetrievedSeptember 26,2021.
- ^"Our Campaigns - NE - District 06 Race - Nov 6, 1894".www.ourcampaigns.com.RetrievedSeptember 26,2021.
- ^"Our Campaigns - NV At-Large Race - Nov 6, 1894".www.ourcampaigns.com.RetrievedMay 1,2023.
- ^"ND At Large".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 6,2021.
- ^Smith, Joseph P, ed. (1898).History of the Republican Party in Ohio.Vol. I. Chicago: the Lewis Publishing Company. pp. 656–57.
- ^"Our Campaigns - OR - District 01 Race - Jun 04, 1894".www.ourcampaigns.com.RetrievedNovember 20,2021.
- ^"Our Campaigns - OR - District 02 Race - Jun 04, 1894".www.ourcampaigns.com.RetrievedNovember 20,2021.
- ^"Our Campaigns - SC - District 01 Race - Nov 06, 1894".www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^"Our Campaigns - SC - District 01 Race - Nov 06, 1894".www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^"SD At Large".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 8,2021.
- ^"TN - District 01".Our Campaigns.RetrievedFebruary 27,2021.
- ^"TN - District 02".Our Campaigns.RetrievedFebruary 27,2021.
- ^"TN - District 03".Our Campaigns.RetrievedFebruary 27,2021.
- ^"TN - District 04".Our Campaigns.RetrievedFebruary 27,2021.
- ^"TN - District 05".Our Campaigns.RetrievedFebruary 27,2021.
- ^"TN - District 06".Our Campaigns.RetrievedFebruary 27,2021.
- ^"TN - District 07".Our Campaigns.RetrievedFebruary 27,2021.
- ^"TN - District 08".Our Campaigns.RetrievedFebruary 27,2021.
- ^"TN - District 09".Our Campaigns.RetrievedFebruary 27,2021.
- ^"TN - District 10".Our Campaigns.RetrievedFebruary 27,2021.
- ^"TX - District 01".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 7,2024.
- ^"TX - District 02".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 7,2024.
- ^"TX - District 03".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 7,2024.
- ^"TX - District 04".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 7,2024.
- ^"TX - District 05".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 7,2024.
- ^"TX - District 06".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 7,2024.
- ^"TX - District 07".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 7,2024.
- ^"TX - District 08".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 7,2024.
- ^"TX - District 09".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 7,2024.
- ^"TX - District 10".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 7,2024.
- ^"TX - District 11".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 7,2024.
- ^"TX- District 12".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 7,2024.
- ^"TX - District 13".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 7,2024.
- ^"WV District 01".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 20,2021.
- ^"WV District 02".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 20,2021.
- ^"WV District 03".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 20,2021.
- ^"WV District 04".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 20,2021.
- ^Casson, Henry, ed. (1895)."Biographical Sketches"(PDF).The Blue Book of the State of Wisconsin(Report).Madison, Wisconsin:State of Wisconsin. pp. 658–660.RetrievedMarch 8,2022.
- ^"WY At-Large".Our Campaigns.RetrievedApril 12,2021.
- ^"Our Campaigns - OK Territorial Delegate Race - Nov 06, 1894".www.ourcampaigns.com.
Bibliography[edit]
- Republican Congressional Committee,Republican Campaign Text Book: 1894(1894).
- Jensen, Richard.The Winning of the Midwest: Social and Political Conflict, 1888–1896(1971).
- Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998).United States Congressional Elections, 1788–1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses.McFarland and Company.ISBN978-0786402830.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989).The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989.Macmillan Publishing Company.ISBN978-0029201701.
- Moore, John L., ed. (1994).Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections(Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc.ISBN978-0871879967.
- "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives 1789–Present".Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives.RetrievedJanuary 21,2015.
External links[edit]
- Office of the Historian(Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)