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Overview of the events of 1983 in science
The year1983 in science and technology involved many significant events, as listed below.
Astronomy and space science [ edit ] June 13 –Pioneer 10 Neptune ,becoming the first man-made object to travel beyond the major planets of theSolar System .
September 26 – TheSoyuz T-10-1 Baikonur Cosmodrome ,when a pad fire occurs at the base of theSoyuz U rocket during the launch countdown. The escape tower system, attached to the top of the capsule containing the crew andSoyuz spacecraft ,fires immediately pulling the crew safe from the vehicle, six seconds before the rocket explodes, destroying the launch complex. January 1 – TheARPANET officially changes to use theInternet Protocol ,creating the Internet.
August – Specification for aMusical Instrument Digital Interface (originally devised byDave Smith ofSequential Circuits ) published.[6]
September 27 –Richard Stallman announces theGNU Project .[7]
October 25 –Word processor softwareMulti-Tool Word ,soon to becomeMicrosoft Word ,is released.[8] [9] [10] Richard Brodie andCharles Simonyi .Free demonstration copies on disk are distributed with the November issue ofPC World [11]
November 10 –Fred Cohen demonstrates a self-replicatingsource code which his academic adviser at theUniversity of Southern California ,Leonard Adleman ,likens to avirus .[12]
December –Yugoslav popular science magazineGalaksija releases a special (January 1984) issue, "Računari u vašoj kući", with complete instructions on how to build a full-featured home computer,Galaksija .
Thesuffix automaton data structure is introduced.[13]
TheUS Federal Government standardizesAda (programming language) ,a strongly typed, comb-structuredcomputer language ,withexception handlers ,for general-purpose programming. Spain re-joinsCERN after having left in 1969 (originally joined for the first time in 1961).February 27 –Nikolai Aleksandrovich Kozyrev ,Russianastronomer andastrophysicist (b.1908 )
March 18 –Ivan Vinogradov ,Russianmathematician (b.1891 )
April 15 –Vera Faddeeva ,Russian mathematician (b.1906 )
May 22 –Albert Claude ,Belgian biologist ,co-recipient of theNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1974 (b.1898 )
August 2 –Edmund Jaeger ,American naturalist (b.1887 )
October 7 –George O. Abell ,American astronomer (b.1927 )
October 19 –Dorothy Stuart Russell ,Australian-born British pathologist (b.1895 )
October 24 –Elie Carafoli ,Romanian aeronautical engineer (b.1901 )
October 26 –Alfred Tarski ,Polish American logician and mathematician (b.1901 )
December 6 –Bruce Irons ,English-born engineer and mathematician (b.1924 ;suicide)
^ Barre-Sinoussi, F.; Chermann, J.C.; Rey, F.; Nugeyre, M.T.; Chamaret, S.; Gruest, J.; Dauguet, C.; Axler-Blin, C.; Vezinet-Brun, F.; Rouzioux, C.; Rozenbaum, W.; Montagnier, L. (1983). "Isolation of a T-lymphotropic retrovirus from a patient at risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)".Science 220 (4599): 868–871.Bibcode :1983Sci...220..868B .doi :10.1126/science.6189183 .PMID 6189183 .S2CID 390173 . ^ Greener, Mark (2005). "MAbs Turn 30".The Scientist .19 (3): 14–16. ^ Klotz S.A.; Drutz D.J.; Tam M.R.; Reed K.H. (1983). "Hemorrhagic proctitis due to lymphogranuloma venereum serogroup L2: Diagnosis by fluorescent monoclonal antibody".The New England Journal of Medicine 308 (26): 1563–1565.doi :10.1056/NEJM198306303082604 .PMID 6602293 . ^ Hanukoglu I, Fuchs E (July 1983)."The cDNA sequence of a Type II cytoskeletal keratin reveals constant and variable structural domains among keratins" .Cell .33 (3): 915–924.doi :10.1016/0092-8674(83)90034-X .PMID 6191871 .S2CID 21490380 . ^ Streb, H.; Irvine, R. F.; Berridge, M. J.; Schulz, I. (November 3, 1983). "Release of Ca2+ from a nonmitochondrial intracellular store in pancreatic acinar cells by inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate".Nature 306 (5938): 67–9.Bibcode :1983Natur.306...67S .doi :10.1038/306067a0 .PMID 6605482 .S2CID 4359904 . ^ Chadabe, Joel (May 1, 2000)."The Electronic Century, Part IV: The Seeds of the Future" .Electronic Musician .16 (5). Penton Media. Archived fromthe original on September 28, 2012.RetrievedNovember 28, 2012 .^ On the net.unix-wizards and net.usoftnewsgroups .
^ Allen, Roy A. (2001)."Chapter 12: Microsoft in the 1980s" (PDF) .A History of the Personal Computer: the People and the Technology ISBN 978-0-9689108-0-1 .RetrievedNovember 7, 2010 . ^ "Microsoft Office online, Getting to know you...again: The Ribbon" .Archived fromthe original on May 11, 2011.RetrievedJune 8, 2011 .^ "The history of branding, Microsoft history" .Archived fromthe original on May 28, 2009.RetrievedJune 8, 2011 .^ Pollack, Andrew (August 25, 1983)."Computerizing Magazines" .The New York Times Archived from the original on May 12, 2011.RetrievedJune 8, 2011 . ^ Zetter, Kim (November 10, 2009)."This Day in Tech – Nov. 10, 1983: Computer 'Virus' Is Born" .Wired .RetrievedJanuary 28, 2012 .^ Maxime Crochemore ;Renaud Vérin (1997).On compact directed acyclic word graphs Lecture Notes in Computer Science .pp. 192–211.CiteSeerX 10.1.1.13.6892 doi :10.1007/3-540-63246-8_12 .ISBN 978-3-540-69242-3 Wikidata Q90413885 .^ Gorenstein, Daniel (1983).The classification of finite simple groups. Vol. 1. Groups of noncharacteristic 2 type .The University Series in Mathematics. New York: Plenum Press.ISBN 978-0-306-41305-6 MR 0746470 . ^ "About" .UCSF .RetrievedJune 10, 2020 .^ Charig, A. J.; Milner, A. C. (1986). "Baryonyx ,a remarkable new theropod dinosaur ".Nature .324 (6095): 359–361.Bibcode :1986Natur.324..359C .doi :10.1038/324359a0 .PMID 3785404 .S2CID 4343514 . ^ Chang, Kenneth (July 5, 2022)."Fields Medals in Mathematics Won by Four Under Age 40" .The New York Times Archived from the original on July 5, 2022.RetrievedJuly 5, 2022 .
