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1985 World Series

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1985 World Series
Team (Wins)Manager(s)Season
Kansas City Royals(4)Dick Howser91–71,.562, GA: 1
St. Louis Cardinals(3)Whitey Herzog101–61,.623, GA: 3
DatesOctober 19–27
VenueRoyals Stadium(Kansas City)
Busch Stadium(St. Louis)
MVPBret Saberhagen(Kansas City)
UmpiresDon Denkinger(AL),Billy Williams(NL),Jim McKean(AL),Bob Engel(NL),John Shulock(AL),Jim Quick(NL)
Hall of FamersRoyals:
John Schuerholz(GM)
George Brett
Cardinals:
Whitey Herzog(manager)
Ozzie Smith
Broadcast
TelevisionABC
TV announcersAl Michaels,Jim PalmerandTim McCarver
RadioCBS
WIBW(KC)
KMOX(STL)
Radio announcersJack BuckandSparky Anderson(CBS, KMOX)
Denny MatthewsandFred White(WIBW)
ALCSKansas City RoyalsoverToronto Blue Jays(4–3)
NLCSSt. Louis CardinalsoverLos Angeles Dodgers(4–2)
1984 World Series 1986

The1985 World Serieswas thechampionship seriesofMajor League Baseball's (MLB)1985 season.The 82nd edition of the World Series, it was abest-of-seven playoffplayed between theAmerican League(AL) championKansas City Royalsand theNational League(NL) championSt. Louis Cardinals.The Royals upset the heavily favored Cardinals in seven games. The Series was popularly known as the "Show-Me Series"or the"I-70 Showdown Series,"as both cities are in the state ofMissouriwhich is nicknamed the "Show Me State" and are connected byInterstate 70.

The Cardinals won theNL Eastdivision by three games over theNew York Mets,then defeated theLos Angeles Dodgersfour games to two in theNL Championship Series.The Royals won theAL Westdivision by one game over theCalifornia Angels,then defeated theToronto Blue Jaysfour games to three in theAL Championship Series.

The Cardinals were seeking to win their NL-leading 10th World Series title, while the Royals were seeking their first World Series title. The Royals were completing one of the most successful decades by any expansion team, with six division titles and two pennants from 1976 to 1985. This was the first World Series in which all games were played at night. Also, this was the second all-Missouri World Series; the first in1944was all-St. Louis series between theCardinalsandBrowns(a decade later, they became theBaltimore Orioles). This was the second of five World Series played completely onartificial turf;the first was in1980and the others were in1987,1993and2020.

This is the most recent World Series in which thedesignated hitterwas not used in an AL baseball park. From1976to 1985, the DH was used in all games in even-numbered years. In odd-numbered years, like this World Series, the pitchers from both were required to bat for themselves throughout the series, as in the National League. Beginning with thenextWorld Series, the DH rule was used only at the AL representative's park.[1]

The 1985 World Series is best remembered foran incorrect safe callmade by first base umpireDon Denkingerin Game 6. With St. Louis leading the World Series 3-2 and in possession of a 1-0 lead in the bottom of the ninth inning, Denkinger incorrectly calledJorge Ortasafe. The Royals won the game 2-1 on a two-runwalk-off singleand then won Game 7 by a score of 11-0.[2]

The 1985 World Series marked the fifth time in World Series history that a team came back from a three games to one deficit to win a championship, and the first in which that team lost the first two games of the series at home (in the following year's Series, theNew York Metswon after losing the first two series games at home).Bret Saberhagen's victories in Games 3 and 7, allowing only a single run across his two starts, earned him theWorld Series Most Valuable Player Award.

In their 17th season, the Royals won their first World Series title; their next appearance was 29 years later in2014against theSan Francisco Giants,but they lost in seven games. Ayear later,theRoyalswon their second title, over theNew York Mets.

Summary

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ALKansas City Royals(4) vs. NLSt. Louis Cardinals(3)

Game Date Score Location Time Attendance
1 October 19 St. Louis Cardinals– 3, Kansas City Royals – 1 Royals Stadium 2:48 41,650[3]
2 October 20 St. Louis Cardinals– 4, Kansas City Royals – 2 Royals Stadium 2:44 41,656[4]
3 October 22 Kansas City Royals– 6, St. Louis Cardinals – 1 Busch Stadium 2:59 53,634[5]
4 October 23 Kansas City Royals – 0,St. Louis Cardinals– 3 Busch Stadium 2:19 53,634[6]
5 October 24 Kansas City Royals– 6, St. Louis Cardinals – 1 Busch Stadium 2:52 53,634[7]
6 October 26 St. Louis Cardinals – 1,Kansas City Royals– 2 Royals Stadium 2:47 41,628[8]
7 October 27 St. Louis Cardinals – 0,Kansas City Royals– 11 Royals Stadium 2:46 41,658[9]

Matchups

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Game 1

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Saturday, October 19, 1985 7:35 pm (CT) atRoyals StadiuminKansas City,Missouri57 °F (14 °C), overcast
Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
St. Louis 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 3 7 1
Kansas City 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 8 0
WP:John Tudor(1–0)LP:Danny Jackson(0–1)Sv:Todd Worrell(1)

WhenLonnie Smithled off for the Royals, he became the first player in MLB history to be traded from a team (theSt. Louis Cardinals) during a season and play against that team in the World Series the same season.[3][10]

John Tudorscattered seven hits in6+23innings for the Cards and won with relief help fromTodd Worrell.The Royals struck first in the second onSteve Balboni's RBI single with runners on first and second, but the Cardinals tied it off ofDanny Jacksonin the third onWillie McGee's RBI groundout with runners on second and third. Next inning,Tito Landrumdoubled with one out, then scored on late-season acquisitionCésar Cedeño's RBI double to give Jackson the loss despite Jackson throwing seven innings of two-run ball. The Cardinals padded their lead in the ninth off ofDan QuisenberrywhenTom Herrsingled to lead off and scored onJack Clark's double.[11]

This was the first Saturday night game in World Series history. The Series began on a Saturday from1969through1976,and again from 1985 through2006(with the exception of1990,which began on a Tuesday night).

Game 2

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Sunday, October 20, 1985 7:30 pm (CT) atRoyals Stadium in Kansas City, Missouri 58 °F (14 °C), overcast
Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
St. Louis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 6 0
Kansas City 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 9 0
WP:Ken Dayley(1–0)LP:Charlie Leibrandt(0–1)Sv:Jeff Lahti(1)

The Royals went up 2–0 in the fourth off ofDanny CoxwhenWillie Wilsonhit a leadoff single that was followed by back-to-back RBI doubles byGeorge BrettandFrank White.HoweverCharlie Leibrandtcontinued a history of tough luck in the postseason. The previous year, he had lost Game 3 of the1984 ALCS,1–0, to theDetroit Tigerswhen he pitched a three-hit complete game. He lost Game 4 in the 1985 ALCS in the ninth inning. Clinging to a two-run lead in the ninth of this game, managerDick Howseropted to not send in his relief aceDan Quisenberryto close out the game. Leibrandt allowed a leadoff double toWillie McGee,then was only one out from tying the series at one apiece when he allowed an RBI single toJack Clark.After a double and walk loaded the bases,Terry Pendletoncleared them with a double and gave the Cardinals a 4–2 lead. Quisenberry came in and after he walkedDarrell Porterhe got out of the inning.Jeff Lahtiearned a save with a scoreless bottom of the inning. The Cardinals' four run ninth would be the only inning in the series in which they scored more than one run.

Game 3

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Tuesday, October 22, 1985 7:35 pm (CT) atBusch StadiuminSt. Louis,Missouri 64 °F (18 °C), partly cloudy
Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
Kansas City 0 0 0 2 2 0 2 0 0 6 11 0
St. Louis 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 0
WP:Bret Saberhagen(1–0)LP:Joaquín Andújar(0–1)
Home runs:
KC:Frank White(1)
STL: None

The Royals got back into the series by riding aceBret Saberhagento a 6–1 victory against twenty-game winnerJoaquín Andújar.Saberhagen flashed messages on the television screen to his pregnant wife who was due to give birth any day. She eventually gave birth on October 26 (in Game 6). The Royals went up 2–0 in the fourth onLonnie Smith's two-run double that scoredJim SundbergandBuddy Biancalana,who had walked and singled, respectively. Royals second basemanFrank Whitemade history by becoming the first second baseman in the history of the World Series to hit in the clean-up spot in the batting order. White came through with a two-run home run off of Andújar in the fifth afterGeorge Brettgot on base. The Cardinals scored their only run of the game in the sixth off ofBret Saberhagenon consecutive singles byOzzie Smith,Tom Herr,andJack Clark.The Royals padded their lead in the seventh off ofRicky HortonwhenGeorge Brettdrew a leadoff walk, moved to second on a balk, then scored on White's double. Two outs later, White scored onBuddy Biancalana's single to cap the scoring.

Game 4

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Wednesday, October 23, 1985 7:25 pm (CT) atBusch Stadium in St. Louis, Missouri 70 °F (21 °C), haze
Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
Kansas City 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 1
St. Louis 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 X 3 6 0
WP:John Tudor(2–0)LP:Bud Black(0–1)
Home runs:
KC: None
STL:Tito Landrum(1),Willie McGee(1)

John Tudor's complete game shutout put the Cardinals on the verge of winning their second World Series in four years.Tito Landrum,only playing due to a tarp injury toVince Coleman,continued to make his case for series MVP with a home run in the second off ofBud Black.Next inning,Willie McGeehomered also to make it 2–0 Cardinals, who added to their lead in the fifth whenTerry Pendletontripled with one out and scored on Black's throwing error onTom Nieto's bunt attempt. The best chance for the Royals to score was in the seventh inning, when they loaded the bases on two singles and a walk. With pinch-hitterHal McRaeup for Buddy Biancalana, he grounded to the third baseman to end the threat. Tudor allowed just five hits in a complete game while striking out eight with one walk while Black went just five innings and allowing three runs on four hits and three walks.

Game 5

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Thursday, October 24, 1985 7:25 pm (CT) atBusch Stadium in St. Louis, Missouri 70 °F (21 °C), clear
Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
Kansas City 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 6 11 2
St. Louis 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 1
WP:Danny Jackson(1–1)LP:Bob Forsch(0–1)

Entering this game, the Royals were 3–0 in must-win games in playoff elimination games. They improved their record to 4–0 with a decisive victory over the Cardinals, again by the score of 6–1. The Royals struck first onFrank White's groundout with runners on second and third in the top of the first off ofBob Forsch,but the Cardinals tied it off ofDanny Jacksonin the bottom half on back-to-back two-out doubles byTom HerrandJack Clark.However, they would not score after that. The Royals broke the game open in the second whenBuddy Biancalanasingled to scoreJim Sundberg,who doubled with one out. AfterLonnie Smithwalked,Willie Wilsontripled home both runs to make it 4–1. The Royals added to their lead in the eighth off ofJeff Lahtion shortstopOzzie Smith's throwing error on Danny Jackson's ground ball, then in the ninth onPat Sheridan's RBI double. Jackson was the winning pitcher, following the same formula and pitching rotation as the Royals did in the ALCS where Jackson also won Game 5. Jackson threw animmaculate inningin the 7th, becoming the only pitcher to do so during a postseason game to date.[12]Jackson scattered five hits, allowing only one run in acomplete game.

Game 6

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Saturday, October 26, 1985 7:25 pm (CT) atRoyals Stadium in Kansas City, Missouri 65 °F (18 °C), partly cloudy
Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
St. Louis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 5 0
Kansas City 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 10 0
WP:Dan Quisenberry(1–0)LP:Todd Worrell(0–1)

A pitcher's duel unfolded betweenDanny CoxandCharlie Leibrandt,the tough-luck loser in Game 2. The game was marked by controversy. In the fourth inning of the scoreless game, the Royals'Frank Whitemay have stolen second base, but was ruled out in a close call.[13]The batter,Pat Sheridan,hit a single to right field two pitches later. If White had been on base when Sheridan singled, the Royals would have likely taken a 1–0 lead. Instead, Leibrandt and Cox traded scoreless innings until the eighth, when pinch-hitterBrian Harpersingled homeTerry Pendleton,who had singled earlier, to give the Cardinals a 1–0 lead.

The Cardinals' 1–0 lead entering the bottom of the eighth was the result of St. Louis taking the upper hand after two situations that were mirror images of each other: In consecutive half-innings – the bottom of the seventh and the top of the eighth – both teams had runners on first and second with their respective starting pitcher coming to bat. Kansas City managerDick Howseropted to leave Leibrandt in the game to bat, but the Royals starter struck out to end the inning. In contrast,Whitey Herzogpulled Cardinals starter Cox for pinch hitter Harper, who then had the game's first hit with runners in scoring position to put St. Louis ahead 1–0.

In the bottom of the ninth, Herzog called on rookie relieverTodd Worrellto relieve setup manKen Dayley,who had pitched the eighth and would have been the winner had the Cardinals won. The first batter, pinch-hitterJorge Orta,sent a chopping bouncer to the right ofJack Clark.He tossed the ball to Worrell, who tagged the bag ahead of Orta, but Clark's toss was behind Worrell, causing the running Orta to come between umpireDon Denkingerand his view of the lunging Worrell's glove. Denkinger called Orta safe. TV replays – not used by officials for play review until 2008 – indicated that Orta should have been called out, and an argument ensued on the field. The Cardinals argued briefly,[14]but as crew chief and believing he had made the correct call, Denkinger did not reverse it. Orta remained at first. In his bookYou're Missing a Great Game,Herzog wrote that he later wished he had asked CommissionerPeter Ueberroth,who was in attendance, to overrule the call and declare Orta out. If Ueberroth had refused to do so, Herzog would have pulled his team from the field and forfeited the game.

Instead of one out and no one on, the Royals now had no outs and a runner on first for batterSteve Balboni.Balboni lifted a pop-up in foul territory along the edge of the first base dugout. Jack Clark, who had only recently made the transition from right field to first base that season, lost track of the ball as he looked to find the dugout and the ball dropped on the top step of the dugout. Balboni then singled two pitches later, putting runners at first and second with nobody out.Onix Concepciónwas sent in as a pinch runner for the slow-footed Balboni. CatcherJim Sundbergattempted to sacrifice the runners over, but he failed. With two strikes, he bunted anyway, and sent it back to Worrell, who threw to third to force out Orta, the only out the Cardinals would record. Porter then allowed a passed ball, advancing Concepción and Sundberg to third and second, respectively.

With first base now open and two runners in scoring position, Herzog then chose to walk Royals pinch hitterHal McRaeto set up a potential double play. McRae was replaced by the fasterJohn Wathanto pinch-run to avoid a potential double play. With the bases loaded and one out, Royals pinch hitterDane Iorg(a former Cardinal who had won a championship ring with them in1982) blooped a single to right field. Concepción scored the tying run and Sundberg approached the plate with the winning run. Right fielderAndy Van Slyke's throw was on target, but Sundberg slid home safely with the game-winning run.

The Royals celebrated the rally, and mobbed home plate. The Cardinals went to their dressing rooms, only to find champagne waiting for them and plastic over their lockers in anticipation for the celebration that never came. Denkinger stated that he still believed he had made the right call until he later met with CommissionerPeter Ueberrothafter the game and had the opportunity to see the replay himself. He would later claim that he was waiting to hear the ball land in Worrell's glove while watching the bag for Orta's foot. Due to the crowd noise in Royals Stadium, he ruled Orta safe because he never heard Worrell catch the ball. "I was in good position, but Worrell is tall, the throw was high, and I couldn't watch his glove and his feet at the same time," Denkinger toldSports Illustrated."It was a soft toss, and there was so much crowd noise, I couldn't hear the ball hit the glove."[15]ABC showed the play from three different angles; two were high above the field and one was from behind third base, all with what Denkinger claimed he didn't get: a clear view of Clark's throw and Worrell's catch. Denkinger was scheduled to be the home plate umpire in Game 7.

Game 7

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Sunday, October 27, 1985 7:30pm (CT) atRoyals Stadium in Kansas City, Missouri 61 °F (16 °C), overcast
Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
St. Louis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0
Kansas City 0 2 3 0 6 0 0 0 X 11 14 0
WP:Bret Saberhagen(2–0)LP:John Tudor(2–1)
Home runs:
STL: None
KC:Darryl Motley(1)

One night after becoming a father,Bret Saberhagentossed a five-hitter and got all the offense he needed whenDarryl Motleyhomered to left offJohn Tudorin the second inning, after a walk toSteve Balboni.In the third,Lonnie Smithled off with a walk, and with one outGeorge Bretthit an infield single. After a double steal, Tudor issued walks toFrank Whiteto load the bases andJim Sundbergto force in Smith, making it 3–0. Tudor was replaced withBill Campbellafter only2+13innings. Balboni singled to left off Campbell to score Brett and White to make it 5–0. Tudor walked four and was charged with all five runs. In the dugout, he angrily punched an electrical fan, cutting his pitching hand.

The Royals blew the game open in the bottom of the fifth. A succession of five Cardinal pitchers allowed six Royals runs, five coming after two were out. Campbell gave up a single to Sundberg and was immediately replaced byJeff Lahti,who allowed four hits to score four runs before being replaced byRicky Horton.After Horton gave up a single to Brett and fell behind on the count 2-0 toFrank White,Herzog replaced him withJoaquín Andújar,normally a starter but pressed into relief. Andújar allowed an RBI single to White, increasing the Royals lead to 10–0. With Sundberg at the plate (the Royals had batted around), Andújar twice charged home plate umpire Denkinger to disagree with his strike zone. First, Denkinger called an Andújar pitch a ball. Herzog, who had been berating Denkinger for most of the game, rushed from the dugout to defend Andújar, and was ejected — reportedly after saying to Denkinger,"We wouldn't even be here if you hadn't missed the fucking call last night!"[16]According to Denkinger, he replied, "Well, if you guys weren't hitting.120 in this World Series, we wouldn't be here." The next pitch was also called a ball to walk Sundberg, and Denkinger ejected Andújar, who then charged at Denkinger. It took three teammates to restrain him and get him off the field. Andújar was suspended for the first ten games of the 1986 season for his outburst. Although it has been rumored that Herzog sent in Andújar specifically to bait Denkinger, Herzog himself has said several times that Andújar was the only pitcher who still had anything left in his arm. After Game 5 loserBob Forsch's first pitch was wild to score Brett, he got out of the fifth-inning nightmare. He pitched a clean sixth inning andKen Dayleykept the Royals off the scoreboard for the last two innings, but it was not enough as the Cardinals could not score against Saberhagen.

The Cardinals'.185batting averagewas the lowest for a seven-gameWorld Seriesuntil theNew York Yankeeshit.183 in the2001 World Seriesagainst theArizona Diamondbacks.The Cardinals also scored only thirteen total runs—an all-time low for a seven-game series—scoring only once in the final 26 innings of the series. If they had held on for the win in Game 6, they still would have been outscored in the series 15–13.

This was Kansas City's second major professional sports championship, joining theChiefs' victory inSuper Bowl IVin January 1970. These franchises have since added four more championships, with the Royals winning the2015 World Series,and the Chiefs winning Super BowlsLIV,LVIIandLVIII.

Composite box

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1985 World Series(4–3):Kansas City Royals(A.L.)overSt. Louis Cardinals(N.L.)

Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
Kansas City Royals 1 6 3 4 8 0 2 1 3 28 68 3
St. Louis Cardinals 1 1 2 1 1 1 0 1 5 13 40 2
Total attendance:327,494Average attendance:46,785
Winning player's share:$76,342Losing player's share:$54,922[17]

Broadcasting

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ABCtelevised the series, with play-by-play announcerAl Michaelsand color commentatorsJim PalmerandTim McCarver.This was the first World Series broadcast for McCarver, who would go on to call a record 24 World Series telecasts with ABC,CBSandFox.Howard Cosellwas originally scheduled to be in the booth with Michaels and Palmer, but was removed from his assignment just prior to Game 1 because of the controversy surrounding his bookI Never Played the Game.[18]

CBS Radiobroadcast the series nationally, withJack Buckon play-by-play andSparky Andersonproviding color commentary. Locally, Royals' flagship stationWIBW(Topeka) aired the games in Kansas City withDenny MatthewsandFred Whitealternating on play-by-play and color, while in St. Louis the Cardinals' flagshipKMOXsimulcastthe CBS Radio coverage due to Buck's status as the team's primary local announcer during the regular season, although regular analystMike Shannonwas sidelined in favor of Anderson.

Aftermath

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The Royals became the first team ever to win the World Series after losing the first two games at home. The following year, the New York Mets accomplished the same feat by defeating the Boston Red Sox in seven games in theWorld Series.In the1996 World Series,the New York Yankees lost their first two games at home against the defending1995 World Serieschampion Atlanta Braves before winning four straight to claim the title. The Royals also were the fifth team in MLB history to come back from a 3–1 deficit to win a best-of-seven World Series, the previous teams being the1925 Pittsburgh Pirates,1958 New York Yankees,1968 Detroit Tigers,and the1979 Pittsburgh Pirates.The 1985 Royals had also come back from a three games to one deficit to win theAmerican League Championship Seriesagainst theToronto Blue Jays,making them the first and so far only team to do so (the championship series had changed from a best-of-five to a best-of-seven format in 1985). The six elimination games won by the Royals represent a Major League record for a single postseason, a record which would later be equaled by the2012 San Francisco Giants.The Royals also became the first team to win two Game 7s in one postseason. The2017 Houston Astrosare the only other team to achieve this feat.[19]

In the immediate aftermath of the 1985 World Series, umpireDon Denkingerreceived many hateful letters from Cardinals fans due to his blown call in Game 6 that essentially cost the Cardinals a World Series.[20]Denkinger contacted Major League Baseball Security, which in turn contacted theFBI,when he received a particularly menacing letter with no return address that said that if the writer saw Denkinger in person, he would "blow him away" with a.357 Magnum.According to Denkinger, FBI agents visited the letter writer and told him, "You're done. This is the end of it. You will not correspond with him in any manner, and life will go on."[21]

Denkinger had other big umpiring assignments after the 1985 Series. He was behind the plate for the All-Star Game the following season, and he was named crew chief for the1988 ALCS,1991 World Series,and1992 ALCS.He retired in 1998, ironically with his last game being atKauffman Stadiumon June 2, 1998. After retirement, Denkinger would lean into his fame of the blown call, regularly appearing at sports memorabilia shows (including ones in St. Louis) willing to autograph photos depicting "The Call".[22]Nevertheless, many publications consider his blown call in Game 6 of the 1985 one of the biggest umpire blunders in MLB history.[23][24][25]

In1987,theCardinalswon theNLCSin seven games over theSan Francisco Giants.In theWorld Seriesagainst theMinnesota Twins,after having fallen behind 2-0 at theHubert H. Humphrey Metrodome,they won their next three games at home. However, back at the Metrodome, they lost the last two and again fell one game short of a World Series title. It would be the Cardinals' last World Series appearance until2004.

The Royals did not play in another postseason game until the2014 American League Wild Card Gameand did not win another World Series until the following season, in2015.

The introduction ofinterleagueplay to major league baseball in1997allowed theI-70 Seriesto be revived in regular season games each year. Through the 2022 season, the Cardinals lead the regular-season interleague series, 73-47, though the Kansas City still holds the World Series win over St. Louis, as it was the last and only time the two teams have faced off in the postseason.

Notes

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  1. ^Miller, Stuart (October 28, 2009)."In the D.H., No Obvious Advantage".New York Times.RetrievedFebruary 11,2018.From 1976 through 1985, in a policy seemingly inspired by that era's gasoline shortages, the even-numbered years featured a D.H. in every World Series game and the odd-numbered years had no D.H. at all.
  2. ^Blum, Ronald (May 13, 2023)."Don Denkinger, umpire whose stellar career was overshadowed by blown call, dead at 86".Associated Press.
  3. ^ab"1985 World Series Game 1 – St. Louis Cardinals vs. Kansas City Royals".Retrosheet.RetrievedSeptember 13,2009.
  4. ^"1985 World Series Game 2 – St. Louis Cardinals vs. Kansas City Royals".Retrosheet.RetrievedSeptember 13,2009.
  5. ^"1985 World Series Game 3 – Kansas City Royals vs. St. Louis Cardinals".Retrosheet.RetrievedSeptember 13,2009.
  6. ^"1985 World Series Game 4 – Kansas City Royals vs. St. Louis Cardinals".Retrosheet.RetrievedSeptember 13,2009.
  7. ^"1985 World Series Game 5 – Kansas City Royals vs. St. Louis Cardinals".Retrosheet.RetrievedSeptember 13,2009.
  8. ^"1985 World Series Game 6 – St. Louis Cardinals vs. Kansas City Royals".Retrosheet.RetrievedSeptember 13,2009.
  9. ^"1985 World Series Game 7 – St. Louis Cardinals vs. Kansas City Royals".Retrosheet.RetrievedSeptember 13,2009.
  10. ^Chass, Murray (October 20, 1985)."In the D.H., No Obvious Advantage".New York Times.RetrievedFebruary 11,2018.Smith, Kansas City's left fielder, is one of five players in the Series who have played for both the Royals and the St. Louis Cardinals. But he is the only one to have played for both teams this year, spending the first six weeks with the Cardinals, then moving to the Royals May 17 in a trade for the minor-league outfielder John Morris. That makes him the first player in major league history to play in the World Series against the team he started the season with.
  11. ^Kansas City Royals History: 1985 Team Opens World Series,Kings of Kauffman, Fansided, Nicholas Sullivan, 2017.
  12. ^"October 24, 1985 World Series Game 5, Royals at Cardinals Play by Play and Box Score".Baseball-Reference.com.Sports Reference LLC. October 24, 1985.RetrievedApril 16,2013.
  13. ^James, Bill (1986).The Bill James Baseball Abstract 1986.Ballantine Books.p. 61.
  14. ^"Royals Win to Force Series into 7th Game".Oxnard Press-Courier.Vol. 49, no. 104.Thomson Newspapers.October 27, 1985. p. 21.RetrievedJuly 30,2012.
  15. ^DiGiovanna, Mike."When sports crowds get loud, game outcomes get altered There's a long history of crowd noise affecting game outcomes. Monday's incident, when".Los Angeles Times.RetrievedApril 20,2013.
  16. ^Peterson, Richard, ed. (September 30, 2006).The St. Louis Baseball Reader(Hardcover).University of Missouri Press. p. 411.ISBN978-0-8262-1687-8.RetrievedDecember 21,2009.We wouldn't even be here if you hadn't missed the call last night!
  17. ^"World Series Gate Receipts and Player Shares".Baseball Almanac.Archivedfrom the original on May 2, 2009.RetrievedJune 14,2009.
  18. ^"Less of Howard Cosell Marked a New Era in TV Sports".Daily News.Vol. 15, no. 1. Kingsport, Inc. January 2, 1986. p. 8.RetrievedJuly 30,2012.
  19. ^"Astros beat Dodgers in Game 7 for first World Series title in franchise history".Ben Walker.Denver Post.November 1, 2017.RetrievedOctober 27,2021.
  20. ^Shouler, Kenneth (2007)."Fans Behaving Badly".Cigar Aficionado.RetrievedMarch 8,2010.
  21. ^"Ump struggles knowing he blew call".ESPN.com.September 14, 2010.
  22. ^"After THE CALL".Sports Illustrated.October 26, 2015.
  23. ^"10 biggest gaffes in baseball history".MLB.com.
  24. ^Schoch, Josh."MLB Power Rankings: The 10 Biggest Blown Calls in MLB History (Video Included)".Bleacher Report.
  25. ^Schindler, Stephen (October 25, 2013)."10 Worst Calls in MLB Playoff History".AthlonSports.com | Expert Predictions, Picks, and Previews.

See also

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References

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  • Angell, Roger (1988).Season Ticket: A Baseball Companion.Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.ISBN0-395-38165-7.
  • Neft, David S., and Richard M. Cohen. The World Series. 1st ed. New York: St Martins, 1990. (Neft and Cohen 407–411)
  • Forman, Sean L."1985 World Series".Baseball-Reference.com – Major League Statistics and Information.Archivedfrom the original on November 30, 2007.RetrievedDecember 9,2007.
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