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1998 Major League Baseball season

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1998 MLB season
LeagueMajor League Baseball
SportBaseball
DurationMarch 31 – October 21, 1998
Number of games162
Number of teams30
TV partner(s)Fox/FSN,ESPN,NBC
Draft
Top draft pickPat Burrell
Picked byPhiladelphia Phillies
Regular Season
SeasonMVPAL:Juan González(TEX)
NL:Sammy Sosa(CHC)
Postseason
ALchampionsNew York Yankees
AL runners-upCleveland Indians
NLchampionsSan Diego Padres
NL runners-upAtlanta Braves
World Series
ChampionsNew York Yankees
Runners-upSan Diego Padres
World SeriesMVPScott Brosius(NYY)
MLB seasons

The1998 Major League Baseball seasonended with theNew York Yankeessweeping theSan Diego Padresin theWorld Series,after they had won a thenALrecord 114 regular season games. The Yankees finished with 125 wins for the season (regular season and playoffs combined), which remains the MLB record.

The 1998 season was marked by MLB’sexpansionto 30 teams (16 in theNL,14 in theAL), with two new teams–theArizona Diamondbacksin the National League, and theTampa Bay Devil Raysin the American League–added. To keep the leagues with even numbers of teams[1]while allowing both leagues to have a new team, theMilwaukee Brewerswere moved from the American League Central Division to the National League Central Division. TheDetroit Tigerswere shifted from the American League East to the American League Central, while the Devil Rays were added to the American League East. The Diamondbacks were added to the National League West, making the NL have more teams than the AL for the first time (this arrangement would last until the end of the 2012 season, when the Houston Astros moved from the National to the American League for 2013, giving each league 15 teams).

The biggest story of the season was thehistoric chase of the single-season home run recordheld at the time byRoger Maris.Initially, theSt. Louis Cardinals'Mark McGwireandKen Griffey Jr.of theSeattle Marinersstarted the season on a pace to both break Maris' record. In June, the chase was joined by theChicago Cubs'Sammy Sosa,who broke the decades-old record ofRudy Yorkfor most home runs in a calendar month with 20 that month. Eventually, Griffey fell off the record pace, but still ended with 56 homers. Both McGwire and Sosa broke the record in September, with McGwire ultimately finishing with 70 homers to Sosa's 66. McGwire's record would last only three years, withBarry Bondshitting 73 in 2001. The 1998 season was also the first in MLB history with four playershitting 50 or more homers,withGreg Vaughnof theSan Diego Padreshitting 50. In a postscript to the record chase, both McGwire and Sosa have since been widely accused ofhaving used performance-enhancing drugsduring that period, and McGwire would admit in 2010 that he had used steroids during the record-setting season.[2]

The defending World Series champions Florida Marlins finished last in the NL East Division at 54–108, making it the first, and only, time that a team went from winning the World Series one year to finishing with 100 or more losses and last in their division the following year.

New commissioner

[edit]

On July 9, 1998, Major League Baseball Executive Council chairmanBud Seligofficially became the 9th commissioner of baseball, though he had been thede factocommissioner for nearly 6 years. During that time, the owners had tried to find a replacement for previous commissionerFay Vincentwho was forced to step down by the owners towards the end of 1992 season mainly due to the lockout he intervened in during the 1990 season.

Standings

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American League

[edit]
AL East
Team W L Pct. GB Home Road
(1)New York Yankees 114 48 .704 62‍–‍19 52‍–‍29
(4)Boston Red Sox 92 70 .568 22 51‍–‍30 41‍–‍40
Toronto Blue Jays 88 74 .543 26 51‍–‍30 37‍–‍44
Baltimore Orioles 79 83 .488 35 42‍–‍39 37‍–‍44
Tampa Bay Devil Rays 63 99 .389 51 33‍–‍48 30‍–‍51
AL Central
Team W L Pct. GB Home Road
(2)Cleveland Indians 89 73 .549 46‍–‍35 43‍–‍38
Chicago White Sox 80 82 .494 9 44‍–‍37 36‍–‍45
Kansas City Royals 72 89 .447 16½ 29‍–‍51 43‍–‍38
Minnesota Twins 70 92 .432 19 35‍–‍46 35‍–‍46
Detroit Tigers 65 97 .401 24 32‍–‍49 33‍–‍48
AL West
Team W L Pct. GB Home Road
(3)Texas Rangers 88 74 .543 48‍–‍33 40‍–‍41
Anaheim Angels 85 77 .525 3 42‍–‍39 43‍–‍38
Seattle Mariners 76 85 .472 11½ 42‍–‍39 34‍–‍46
Oakland Athletics 74 88 .457 14 39‍–‍42 35‍–‍46

National League

[edit]
NL East
Team W L Pct. GB Home Road
(1)Atlanta Braves 106 56 .654 56‍–‍25 50‍–‍31
New York Mets 88 74 .543 18 47‍–‍34 41‍–‍40
Philadelphia Phillies 75 87 .463 31 40‍–‍41 35‍–‍46
Montreal Expos 65 97 .401 41 39‍–‍42 26‍–‍55
Florida Marlins 54 108 .333 52 31‍–‍50 23‍–‍58
NL Central
Team W L Pct. GB Home Road
(2)Houston Astros 102 60 .630 55‍–‍26 47‍–‍34
(4)Chicago Cubs 90 73 .552 12½ 51‍–‍31 39‍–‍42
St. Louis Cardinals 83 79 .512 19 48‍–‍34 35‍–‍45
Cincinnati Reds 77 85 .475 25 39‍–‍42 38‍–‍43
Milwaukee Brewers 74 88 .457 28 38‍–‍43 36‍–‍45
Pittsburgh Pirates 69 93 .426 33 40‍–‍40 29‍–‍53
NL West
Team W L Pct. GB Home Road
(3)San Diego Padres 98 64 .605 54‍–‍27 44‍–‍37
San Francisco Giants 89 74 .546 49‍–‍32 40‍–‍42
Los Angeles Dodgers 83 79 .512 15 48‍–‍33 35‍–‍46
Colorado Rockies 77 85 .475 21 42‍–‍39 35‍–‍46
Arizona Diamondbacks 65 97 .401 33 34‍–‍47 31‍–‍50

Postseason

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This was the first season in which teams were seeded by their respective win–loss record within their respective leagues.[3][4]

  • Division Champions were seeded 1–3.
  • Wild Cards were automatically seeded 4 (regardless of having a better record than a Division Champion).
  • The team with the better regular season record in the first two rounds had home-field advantage, with the wild card never having home-field until theWorld Series.
  • TheDivision Seriespitted the No. 1 seeded Division Champion against the No. 4 seeded Wild Card, while the No. 2 seeded faced the No. 3 seeded Division Champion.
    • If the No. 1 seeded Division Champion and the Wild Card were in the same division, the No. 1 seeded Division Champion would instead face the No. 3 seeded Division Champion while the No. 2 seeded Division Champion would face the No. 4 seeded Wild Card.
  • Home-field advantage in the World Series was still based on yearly rotation at this time (until that changed in2003).
  • This was also the first season in which the Division Series was conducted under a 2–2–1 format. The higher seed hosted Games 1–2, and 5 (if necessary). The lower seeded team would host Games 3 and 4 (Game 4, if necessary). Previously, the team with home-field advantage in all best-of-5 postseason series (LCS from 1969–1984, LDS from 1981, 1995–1997) were conducted in a 2–3 format where the team with home-field advantage would have to open on the road for the first two games, while hosting the final three games (if Games 4 & 5 are necessary).

Bracket

[edit]
Division Series
(ALDS,NLDS)
League Championship Series
(ALCS,NLCS)
World Series
1 NY Yankees 3
3 Texas 0
1 NY Yankees 4
American League
2 Cleveland 2
2 Cleveland 3
4 Boston 1
AL1 NY Yankees 4
NL3 San Diego 0
1 Atlanta 3
4 Chicago Cubs 0
1 Atlanta 2
National League
3 San Diego 4
2 Houston 1
3 San Diego 3

Awards and honors

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Baseball Writers' Association of AmericaAwards
BBWAA Award National League American League
Rookie of the Year Kerry Wood(CHC) Ben Grieve(OAK)
Cy Young Award Tom Glavine(ATL) Roger Clemens(TOR)
Manager of the Year Larry Dierker(HOU) Joe Torre(NYY)
Most Valuable Player Sammy Sosa(CHC) Juan González(TEX)
Gold Glove Awards
Position National League American League
Pitcher Greg Maddux(ATL) Mike Mussina(BAL)
Catcher Charles Johnson(FLA) Iván Rodríguez(TEX)
First Baseman J. T. Snow(SF) Rafael Palmeiro(BAL)
Second Baseman Bret Boone(CIN) Roberto Alomar(CLE)
Third Baseman Scott Rolen(PHI) Robin Ventura(CWS)
Shortstop Rey Ordonez(NYM) Omar Vizquel(CLE)
Outfielders Barry Bonds(SF) Bernie Williams(NYY)
Larry Walker(COL) Jim Edmonds(LAA)
Andruw Jones(ATL) Ken Griffey Jr.(SEA)
Silver Slugger Awards
Pitcher/Designated Hitter Tom Glavine(ATL) Jose Canseco(TOR)
Catcher Mike Piazza(NYM) Iván Rodríguez(TEX)
First Baseman Mark McGwire(STL) Rafael Palmeiro(BAL)
Second Baseman Craig Biggio(HOU) Damion Easley(DET)
Third Baseman Vinny Castilla(COL) Dean Palmer(KC)
Shortstop Barry Larkin(CIN) Alex Rodriguez(SEA)
Outfielders Moisés Alou(HOU) Albert Belle(CWS)
Sammy Sosa(CHC) Juan González(TEX)
Greg Vaughn(SD) Ken Griffey Jr.(SEA)

Other awards

[edit]

Player of the Month

[edit]
Month American League National League
April Iván Rodríguez Mark McGwire
May Bernie Williams Mark McGwire
June Rafael Palmeiro Sammy Sosa
July Albert Belle Vladimir Guerrero
August Derek Jeter Jeff Kent
September Albert Belle Mark McGwire

Pitcher of the Month

[edit]
Month American League National League
April Chuck Finley Tom Glavine
May Hideki Irabu Orel Hershiser
June Bartolo Colón Greg Maddux
July David Cone Chan Ho Park
August Roger Clemens Randy Johnson
September Rick Helling Randy Johnson

MLB statistical leaders

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Statistic American League National League
AVG Bernie WilliamsNYY .339 Larry WalkerCOL .363
HR Ken Griffey Jr.SEA 56 Mark McGwireSTL 70
RBI Juan GonzálezTEX 157 Sammy SosaCHC 158
Wins Roger Clemens1TOR
David ConeNYY
Rick HellingTEX
20 Tom GlavineATL 20
ERA Roger Clemens1TOR 2.65 Greg MadduxATL 2.22
SO Roger Clemens1TOR 271 Curt SchillingPHI 300
SV Tom GordonBOS 46 Trevor HoffmanSD 53
SB Rickey HendersonOAK 66 Tony WomackPIT 58

1American League Triple Crownpitching winner

Managers

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American League

[edit]
Team Manager Notes
Anaheim Angels Terry Collins
Baltimore Orioles Ray Miller
Boston Red Sox Jimy Williams
Chicago White Sox Jerry Manuel
Cleveland Indians Mike Hargrove
Detroit Tigers Buddy Bell,Larry Parrish Bell (52–85,.380), Parrish (13–12,.520)
Kansas City Royals Tony Muser
Minnesota Twins Tom Kelly
New York Yankees Joe Torre Won theWorld Series
Oakland Athletics Art Howe
Seattle Mariners Lou Piniella
Tampa Bay Devil Rays Larry Rothschild Expansion team
Texas Rangers Johnny Oates
Toronto Blue Jays Tim Johnson

National League

[edit]
Team Manager Notes
Arizona Diamondbacks Buck Showalter Expansion team
Atlanta Braves Bobby Cox
Chicago Cubs Jim Riggleman
Cincinnati Reds Jack McKeon
Colorado Rockies Don Baylor
Florida Marlins Jim Leyland
Houston Astros Larry Dierker
Los Angeles Dodgers Bill Russell,Glenn Hoffman Russell (36–38,.486), Hoffman (47–41,.534)
Milwaukee Brewers Phil Garner
Montreal Expos Felipe Alou
New York Mets Bobby Valentine
Philadelphia Phillies Terry Francona
Pittsburgh Pirates Gene Lamont
St. Louis Cardinals Tony La Russa
San Diego Padres Bruce Bochy Won National League pennant
San Francisco Giants Dusty Baker

Home field attendance & payroll

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Team name Wins Home attendance Per game Est. payroll
Colorado Rockies[5] 77 -7.2% 3,792,683 -2.5% 46,823 $50,484,648 15.9%
Baltimore Orioles[6] 79 -19.4% 3,684,650 -0.7% 45,490 $72,525,634 23.9%
Arizona Diamondbacks[7] 65 3,610,290 44,571 $32,347,000
Cleveland Indians[8] 89 3.5% 3,467,299 1.8% 42,806 $61,718,166 8.7%
Atlanta Braves[9] 106 5.0% 3,360,860 -3.0% 41,492 $61,186,000 17.0%
St. Louis Cardinals[10] 83 13.7% 3,195,691 21.3% 38,972 $54,672,521 20.3%
Los Angeles Dodgers[11] 83 -5.7% 3,089,222 -6.9% 38,139 $48,820,000 7.6%
New York Yankees[12] 114 18.8% 2,955,193 14.5% 36,484 $66,806,867 7.3%
Texas Rangers[13] 88 14.3% 2,927,399 -0.6% 36,141 $56,752,095 6.2%
Seattle Mariners[14] 76 -15.6% 2,651,511 -16.9% 32,735 $54,802,036 31.9%
Chicago Cubs[15] 90 32.4% 2,623,194 19.8% 31,990 $50,838,000 20.6%
San Diego Padres[16] 98 28.9% 2,555,874 22.3% 31,554 $46,861,500 25.4%
Anaheim Angels[17] 85 1.2% 2,519,280 42.5% 31,102 $41,791,000 34.2%
Tampa Bay Devil Rays[18] 63 2,506,293 30,942 $27,280,000
Houston Astros[19] 102 21.4% 2,458,451 20.1% 30,351 $42,374,000 21.8%
Toronto Blue Jays[20] 88 15.8% 2,454,303 -5.2% 30,300 $51,376,000 9.1%
Boston Red Sox[21] 92 17.9% 2,314,704 4.0% 28,577 $56,927,000 30.7%
New York Mets[22] 88 0.0% 2,287,948 29.5% 28,246 $52,247,999 31.3%
San Francisco Giants[23] 89 -1.1% 1,925,364 13.9% 23,770 $42,738,334 20.1%
Milwaukee Brewers[24] 74 -5.1% 1,811,593 25.5% 22,365 $34,139,904 44.3%
Cincinnati Reds[25] 77 1.3% 1,793,649 0.4% 22,144 $23,005,000 -53.8%
Florida Marlins[26] 54 -41.3% 1,730,384 -26.8% 21,363 $41,864,667 -14.0%
Philadelphia Phillies[27] 75 10.3% 1,715,722 15.1% 21,182 $36,297,500 -1.0%
Pittsburgh Pirates[28] 69 -12.7% 1,560,950 -5.8% 19,271 $15,065,000 39.9%
Kansas City Royals[29] 72 7.5% 1,494,875 -1.5% 18,686 $38,097,500 9.4%
Detroit Tigers[30] 65 -17.7% 1,409,391 3.2% 17,400 $24,265,000 40.5%
Chicago White Sox[31] 80 0.0% 1,391,146 -25.4% 16,965 $39,850,000 -31.0%
Oakland Athletics[32] 74 13.8% 1,232,343 -2.5% 15,214 $21,473,000 -10.6%
Minnesota Twins[33] 70 2.9% 1,165,976 -17.4% 14,395 $28,097,500 -17.5%
Montreal Expos[34] 65 -16.7% 914,909 -38.9% 11,295 $10,641,500 -44.8%

Television coverage

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This was the third season under the five-year rights agreements withESPN,Fox,andNBC.ESPN continued to airSunday Night BaseballandWednesday Night Baseball.Fox's coverage includedFox Saturday Baseballbroadcasts, Thursday night games onFox Sports Net,and Saturday primetime games onFX.NBC aired theAll-Star Game.During thepostseason,ESPN, Fox, and NBC split the four Division Series. NBC then televised theAmerican League Championship Serieswhile Fox aired both theNational League Championship Seriesand theWorld Series.

Events

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January–March

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April–June

[edit]
  • April 1 – The expansion Tampa Bay Devil Rays win their first game in franchise history, beating the Tigers 11–8.Fred McGriffhas four RBI on three hits.
  • April 2 – By hitting a home run in Colorado's 6–4 win over Arizona atBank One Ballpark,Rockies outfielderEllis Burkssets a major league record by having homered in 33 different stadiums.
  • April 5 – The Arizona Diamondbacks win their first game in franchise history 3–2, over theSan Francisco Giants.Andy Benesgets the win for the 1–5 D'backs.
  • April 10 – TheLos Angeles Dodgers'Mike Piazzabecomes the fifth NL player in history to hitgrand slamsin consecutive games by homering in a 7–2 win over theHouston Astros.Piazza also homered with the bags full, while driving in six runs, in last night's 7–2 win over Arizona. He'll hit another on April 24 to tie the major-league record for slams in a month.
  • April 13 – TheSeattle Mariners'Ken Griffey Jr.slugs two home runs in a 6–5 loss to theCleveland Indians.In doing so, he becomes the second–youngest player in big league history to reach 300 homers for his career, at 28 years and 143 days.Jimmie Foxx,at 27 years 328 days, was younger.
  • May 3 – TheSeattle Mariners'Dan Wilsonbecomes just the seventh catcher in major league history to hit aninside-the-parkgrand slam,asSeattledefeats Detroit 10–6. It's a first for the Mariners and the first in the AL sinceMike Greenwelldid it on September 1, 1990.
  • May 6 – In one of the finest pitching efforts ever,Chicago Cubsrookie right-handerKerry Woodfans 20Houston Astrosin a 2–0, one-hit victory to tie the major league mark for strikeouts in a nine-inning game. The 20-year-old ties the record held byRoger Clemens,who performed the feat twice. The only Houston baserunners come from an infield single toRicky Gutiérrezin the 3rd inning and a hit batter. Wood also becomes the second pitcher in baseball history to record a single-game strikeout total equal to his age (in 1936, 17-year-oldBob Fellerstruck out 17 batters). Wood strikes out the first five batters of the game, and seven in a row between the 7th and 9th innings, tyingJamie Moyer's Cubs record for most consecutive strikeouts.
  • May 11 – In a 4–2 win over Arizona, Kerry Wood strikes out 13 Diamondbacks in seven innings. By doing so, Wood sets a major league record with 33 strikeouts over two consecutive games.
  • May 13 – TheAtlanta Bravesset an NL record by homering in their 25th straight game, a 10–2 win over theSt. Louis Cardinals.This ties the major league mark held by the1941 Yankeesand the1994 Tigers.The streak will be stopped by the Cardinals the next day.
  • May 15 – In one of the biggest trades in recent years, the Dodgers send All-Star catcherMike Piazzaand third basemanTodd Zeileto theFlorida Marlinsin exchange for outfieldersGary SheffieldandJim Eisenreich,catcherCharles Johnson,third basemanBobby Bonilla,and pitcherManuel Barrios.On May 22, the Mets will acquire Piazza from the Marlins in exchange for outfielderPreston Wilson,pitcherEd Yarnalland a minor league player.
  • May 17 – Yankees pitcherDavid Wellshurls the 15thperfect gamein modern major league history with a 4–0 win over theMinnesota Twins.Wells fans 11 batters in his masterpiece.Bernie Williamsstrokes three hits for New York, including a home run.
  • May 18 – TheOakland Athletics'Mike Blowershits for the cycleand drives home four runs in theA's14–0 win over theWhite Sox.Blowers become only the second player in franchise history to accomplish the feat.
  • May 19 – The Cardinals'Mark McGwirehits three home runs in a game for the second time this season, leading St. Louis to a 10–8 victory over the Philadelphia Phillies. He is only the 12th player in history to have a pair of 3–HR games in the same season. McGwire drives in six of the Cardinal runs as he reaches the 20 home run mark faster than other player in history.
  • May 25 – Cleveland'sDavid Bellbecomes the third player in major league history to play against a team managed by his father. Bell's two–run double brings home the go–ahead run in the Indians 7–4 win overBuddy Bell's Detroit Tigers.Bump WillsandMoisés Alouare the only other players to appear in games against their fathers (Maury WillsandFelipe Alou).
  • May 28 – With Arizona leading the Giants, 8–6, in the bottom of the 9th with the bases loaded, managerBuck Showalterorders relieverGregg Olsonto intentionally walkBarry Bondsto bring home the Giants' 7th run. It is only the fourth bases–loaded intentional walk in major league history, and the first sinceBill "Swish" Nicholsonon July 23, 1944.
  • June 6 – Hall of Fame second basemanJoe Morganhas his uniform number 8 retired by theCincinnati Redsin a ceremony atCinergy Field.

July–September

[edit]

October–December

[edit]
  • October 3 – TheChicago Cubsare defeated by theAtlanta Bravesin the National League Divisional Series.
  • October 21 – TheNew York Yankeeswin theWorld Series,sweeping theSan Diego Padresin four straight games. Yankees third basemanScott Brosiusis named the Series MVP. The Yankees end the season with a major league record 125 combined regular season and postseason wins.
  • Tom Glavineof theAtlanta Braveswins his second National LeagueCy Young Awardin an extremely close vote over twoSan Diego Padrespitchers:Trevor HoffmanandKevin Brown.Glavine, who receives 11 first-place votes to Hoffman's 13 (Brown receives the remaining 8), becomes the first National League pitcher since the league instituted its four-vote system in 1970 to win the award despite receiving fewer first-place votes than another player. Glavine tallied 99 points (Hoffman – 88, Brown – 76), with 5 points being awarded for each first place vote, 3 for each second-place vote, 2 for third, and 1 for fourth. Another oddity is the fact that Hoffman, Brown, andRod Beck(who did not receive a single point in the Cy Young Award voting) finished higher than Glavine in the MVP voting, despite Glavine's Braves finishing with the best record in the National League.[36]
  • November 9 – It is revealed that Hall of Fame pitcherJim "Catfish" Hunteris suffering fromamyotrophic lateral sclerosis,the progressive, ultimately fatal neurological condition better known asLou Gehrig's disease.
  • November 30 – TheArizona Diamondbackssign free agentRandy Johnsonto a four-year contract worth approximately $50 million.[37]
  • December 12 – The Dodgers set the salary bar higher by signing free agentKevin Brownto a seven-year, $105 million contract, the largest in the majors.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^With anoddnumber of teams (15), only seven games would be able to be scheduled in each league on any given day during the intra-league portion of the regular season. Thus, one team in each league would have had to be idle on any given day. This would have made it difficult for scheduling, in terms of travel days and the need to end the regular season before October.SeeMajor League Baseball#League organization.If each league had wished to remain at fifteen teams, the schedule would have had to include one inter-league game during each day of intra-league play. Instead, with each league now having an even number of teams,interleaguegames occur only in certain parts of the regular season.
  2. ^"McGwire apologizes to La Russa, Selig".ESPN.com.January 11, 2010.RetrievedJanuary 11,2010.
  3. ^Castrovince, Anthony (October 4, 2022)."Complete history of baseball's postseason formats".MLB.com.RetrievedNovember 11,2023.
  4. ^Archives, L. A. Times (March 20, 1998)."Change in Playoff Format Becomes a Matter of Record".Los Angeles Times.RetrievedNovember 11,2023.
  5. ^"Colorado Rockies Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  6. ^"Baltimore Orioles Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  7. ^"Arizona Diamondbacks Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  8. ^"Cleveland Indians Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  9. ^"Atlanta Braves Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  10. ^"St. Louis Cardinals Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  11. ^"Los Angeles Dodgers Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  12. ^"New York Yankees Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  13. ^"Texas Rangers Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  14. ^"Seattle Mariners Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  15. ^"Chicago Cubs Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  16. ^"San Diego Padres Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  17. ^"Los Angeles Angels Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  18. ^"Tampa Bay Rays Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  19. ^"Cleveland Indians Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  20. ^"Toronto Blue Jays Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  21. ^"Boston Red Sox Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  22. ^"New York Mets Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  23. ^"San Francisco Giants Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  24. ^"Milwaukee Brewers Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  25. ^"Cincinnati Reds Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  26. ^"Florida Marlins Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  27. ^"Oakland Athletics Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  28. ^"Pittsburgh Pirates Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  29. ^"Kansas City Royals Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  30. ^"Detroit Tigers Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  31. ^"Chicago White Sox Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  32. ^"Oakland Athletics Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  33. ^"Minnesota Twins Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  34. ^"Washington Nationals Attendance, Stadiums and Park Factors".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedSeptember 8,2020.
  35. ^"Riggleman reflects on Kerry Wood's 1998 season".suntimes.com.June 18, 2006.RetrievedJuly 13,2014.
  36. ^"1998 Awards Voting - Baseball-Reference.com".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedMarch 17,2018.
  37. ^"Randy Johnson Stats - Baseball-Reference.com".Baseball-Reference.com.RetrievedMarch 17,2018.
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