2010 Philippine presidential election
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Turnout | 74.34%2.0% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Results according to the final congressional canvass. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2010 Philippine vice presidential election | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Map showing the official results taken from provincial and city certificates of canvass. The inset showsMetro Manila. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Philippines portal |
The2010 Philippine presidential and vice presidential electionswere held on Monday, May 10, 2010. The incumbentPresident of the Philippines,Gloria Macapagal Arroyo,was ineligible to seek re-election as per the1987 Constitution.
IncumbentVice-PresidentNoli de Castrowas allowed to seek re-election, though he could have possibly sought the presidency. As he didn't offer himself in any manner of candidacy at the election, his successor was determined as the 13thVice President of the Philippines.Although most presidential candidates haverunning mates,the president and vice president are elected separately, and the winning candidates may be of different political parties.
This election was also the first time that theCommission of Elections(COMELEC) implemented full automation of elections, pursuant to Republic Act 9369, "An Act Authorizing The Commission on Elections To Use An Automated Election System In The May 11, 1998 National or Local Elections and In Subsequent National And Local Electoral Exercises".[1]
The results of thecongressional canvassingshowed that SenatorBenigno Aquino IIIof theLiberal Partywon by aplurality,although he had won with the highest percentage of votes since1986,but not enough to have the largest margin of victory, even in elections held after 1986.
Meanwhile, in the election for the vice-presidency,MakatiMayorJejomar Binayof thePartido Demokratiko Pilipino-Lakas ng Bayan(PDP-Laban) defeated SenatorMar Roxasof the Liberal Party in the third-narrowest margin in the history of vice presidential elections. Aquino and Binay were proclaimed in a joint session of Congress on June 9, andtook their oathson June 30, 2010. Roxas filed anelectoral protestto the Presidential Electoral Tribunal (PET; theSupreme Court) on July 10, 2010.[2]
Electoral system
[edit]The election is held every six years after 1992, on the second Monday of May. The incumbent president is term limited. The incumbent vice president may run for two consecutive terms. AsJoseph Estrada,who waselected in 1998,was able to run in 2010, it is undetermined if the term limit is for life, or is only limited to the incumbent.
Theplurality voting systemis used to determine the winner: the candidate with the highest number of votes, whether or not one has a majority, wins the presidency. The vice presidential election is a separate election, is held on the same rules, and voters may split their ticket. Both winners will serve six-year terms commencing on the noon of June 30, 2010, and ending on the same day six years later.
The candidates are determined via political conventions of the different political parties. As most political parties in the Philippines are loosely structured, with most politicians switching parties from time to time, a person not nominated by a party may either run as an independent, get drafted by another party, or form their own party. The candidacy process is supervised by theCommission on Elections(usually referred by its abbreviation "COMELEC" ) which also regulates and holds the elections. It is not uncommon for the commission to disqualify certain candidates as "nuisance candidates" or those candidates who have no capacity to mount a nationwide campaign. This usually limits the candidates to a small number. The campaign will run for three months, beginning in early February 2010 and ending on the eve of the election.The Vote Counting Machines was tested and booted up at 5 am and the shading of candidates started at 7:30 am[citation needed]
The counting of votes is initially held in the individual voting precincts, which are all then tabulated for the different municipalities and cities, then to the provinces, and finally toCongress,which is the final canvasser of the votes. Election protests are handled by theSupreme Court,when it sits as thePresidential Electoral Tribunal.
Timeline
[edit]The COMELEC-mandated election period for this election was from January 10 to June 9
2008
[edit]- August 26 - Then-Metro Manila Development Authority ChairmanBayani Fernandoannounces bid for presidency.[3]
- September 4 - SenatorManny Villarannounces bid for presidency.[4]
- November 11 - Makati MayorJejomar Binayannounces bid for presidency.[5]
- November 26 - SenatorMar Roxasis elected as party president of theLiberal Partyand is nominated to be thestandard-bearer.[6]
2009
[edit]- March 12 - Former Defense SecretaryGilbert Teodoro Jr.announces bid for presidency.[7]
- April 25 - SenatorRichard Gordonannounces bid for presidency.[8]
- May 12 - SenatorPanfilo Lacsonannouncesbid for presidency.[9]
- June 6 - Senator Lacson withdraws from presidential race.[10]
- June 17 - EnvironmentalistNicanor Perlasannounces bid for presidency.[11]
- July 14 - SenatorLoren Legardaannounces bid for presidency.[12]
- July 31 - SenatorJamby Madrigalannounces bid for presidency.[13]
- August 1 - Former Philippine PresidentCorazon Aquinodies fromcolorectal cancer.The countrydescends intoa five-day period of mourning and grieffor the late President.
- August 21 - EvangelistEddie Villanuevaannounces bid for presidency.[14]
- August 30 -Ang KapatirannamesOlongapo CitycouncilorJohn Carlos de los Reyesas its standard-bearer.[15]
- September 1 - Senator Roxas withdraws and supports fellow SenatorBenigno Aquino III.;[16]Jejomar Binaywithdraws and supports Former PresidentJoseph Estrada.[17]
- September 4 - Pampanga GovernorEd Panlilioand Isabela GovernorGrace Padacawithdraws and supports Aquino.[18]
- September 9 - SenatorBenigno Aquino IIIannouncesbid for presidency.[19]
- September 21 -Liberal Partycompletes tandem: Roxas accepts vice presidential offer of Aquino.[20]
- September 26 - Ousted PresidentJoseph Estradaannounces bid for presidency[21]
- October 23 - Interior and Local Government Secretary Ronaldo Puno withdraws vice presidential bid.[22]
- October 24 - Legarda slides to vice president.[23]
- October 28 - Amid pressures to run for president, SenatorFrancis Joseph G. EscuderoleavesNPC[24]
- November 13 -Lakas-Kampi-CMDcompletes tandem: TV personalityEdu Manzanoruns for vice president with Teodoro.[25]
- November 16 -Nacionalista Partycompletes tandem: Villar picks Legarda for Vice President.[26]
- November 19 - Lakas-Kampi-CMD National Convention nominates Teodoro and Manzano.[27]
- November 23 - De los Reyes andDominador Chipeco, Jr.(Ang Kapatiran) file certificates of candidacy for president and VP, respectively.[28]
- November 24 - SenatorEscuderowithdraws from the presidential race[29]
- November 26 - Supreme Court allows "early campaigning".[30]
- November 28 - Aquino and Roxas (Liberal Party) file Certificates of Candidacy.[31]
- November 29 -Nicanor Perlas(Independent) files certificate of candidacy for president.[32]
- November 30 - Villar and Legarda (Nacionalista Party) and;[33]Estrada and Binay (Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino).;[34]Villanueva andPerfecto Yasay, Jr.(Bangon Pilipinas) file Certificates of Candidacy for Pres and VP, respectively[35]file certificates of candidacy.Hermogenes Ebdanewithdraws presidential bid[36]
- December 1–2 Teodoro and Manzano (Lakas-Kampi-CMD) file Certificates of Candidacy for President and Vce President, respectively. file;[37]Jamby Madrigal(Independent) files for president alone;[38]Gordon and Fernando (Bagumbayan-VNP);[39]Jose Sonza(KBL) files for vice president.[40]
- December 2 -ANCPresidential Forum: Analysts and viewers say Aquino gave "strong performance" and sounded "credible" (42%). Teodoro close second (37%); flip-flops on Reproductive Health Bill position. Villar was absent.[41]
- December 11 - Outgoing Vice PresidentNoli De Castroendorses Roxas for vice president.[42]
- December 15 -Commission on Electionsreleases list of 16 approved candidates for president and vice-president.[43]
- December 21 - Perlas protests disqualification at COMELEC.[44]
- December 28 - COMELEC hears appeal and petition of disqualified candidates.[45]
- December 21–22 -Pulse AsiaDec 2009 polls: Aquino solidifies lead in(45%)[46]and BW-SWS (46%)[47]presidential surveys. Legarda (37%) and Roxas (39%) are statistically tied in first place for the Pulse Asia vice-presidency survey.[46]
2010
[edit]Election period
[edit]- January 10 -Social Weather StationsDecember 2009 Survey (Zamora commissioned): Villar (33%) cuts Aquino (44%) lead.[48]
- January 14 - Perlas reinstated by COMELEC. Relatively unknown Vetellano Acosta (KBL) is also reinstated as a candidate.[49][50]
- January 14 -GMA NetworkVice-Presidential Forum.[51]
- January 20 - Estrada is allowed to run after the COMELEC threw out all three disqualification cases against him.[52]
- January 29 -De La Salle UniversityandANC2010 Presidential Youth Forum Youth 2010: Audience members say Aquino, Gordon, Teodoro "made a favorable impression". Madrigal attends for the first time. Estrada absent.[53]
- February 8 - TheInquirer1st Edition Presidential Debate with all candidates attending except Acosta and Estrada, with the latter citing "bias" against him.[54]
- February 9 - Official election campaign starts
- February 9 - Campaign kickoff rallies occur at Antipolo (Lakas-Kampi-CMD), Calamba (NP), Imus (Bagumbayan-VNP), Olongapo (Ang Kapatiran), Quiapo (PMP),Rizal Park(Bangon Pilipinas Party), and Tarlac (Liberal Party).[55]
- March 4 - COMELEC disqualifies Vetellano Acosta.[56]His name, however, would remain in the ballot although votes that would be cast for him will be considered invalid.[57]
- March 21 -ABS-CBNandANCVice-Presidential Debate: Analysts and viewers say that Roxas is seen as "most credible candidate" (54%) with Binay, Fernando tie in second (13%) and Yasay (11%); Legarda fared poorly (4%). Absent was Chipeco and Manzano whose absence drew comments on social-networking sites.[58]Analysts point out also not "to belittle" the underdogs and praised Binay, Yasay and Sonza.[59]
- March 28 - A number ofLakas-Kampi-CMDstalwarts leave party to support Villar. The Liberal Party says these defections are "completing the Villarroyo [Villar-Arroyo] puzzle". Malacañang downplays defections and denies alliance with Villar.[60]
- March 30 - Teodoro resigns as Lakas-Kampi-CMD Chairman to focus on campaign. This fuels further speculation that President Arroyo is dropping her financial support for her party in exchange of new support in Villar due to "winnability".[61]Sarangani Governor and party president Miguel Dominguez and secretary-general Francis Manglapus follows in less than 24 hours. Malacañang denies speculations that the resignations have something to do with rumors that Pres. Arroyo has decided to support another presidential candidate.[62]
- April 6 -Pulse AsiaMarch 2010 survey: Villar (25%) falls 4 points as Aquino (37%) widens lead.According to Pulse Asia, this was mainly due to the Villarroyo issue.[63]This came at the heels of talks that Villar is the "secret candidate" of Pres. Arroyo, a charge that he denies.[64]
- April 10 – May 10 – Overseas absentee voting continuing until May 10 (Election day). Two polling precincts encountered technical problems in Hong Kong, raising concerns on the automation system.[65]
- April 28–30 – Local absentee voting for government officials, teachers performing election duties outside of their precincts, members of theArmed Forces of the Philippines(AFP) and operatives of thePhilippine National Police(PNP) starts.[66]
- April 29 – COMELEC rejects proposals of a parallel manual count aside from the official tabulation.[67]
- First Week of May -Smartmatic-TIM recalls the Compact Flash Cards (CFC) of all Precinct Count Optical Scanner (PCOS) Machines due to the machines not counting the votes correctly due to the spacing of the ballot. These were found out after testing. By Election Day, 99% of all CF Cards were already delivered. The remaining 1% was due to some inaccessible precincts.
- May 2 – Kingdom of Jesus Christ leader pastorApollo Quiboloyfinally endorsesGilbert Teodorofor president.[68]andMar Roxasfor vice president
- May 3 -Manila Standard TodayPresidential Survey: Aquino leads with Estrada overtaking Villar.[69]
- May 5 -Iglesia ni Cristoendorses the tandem of Benigno Aquino III and Mar Roxas (Liberal Party). Voting as a block, the INC has an estimated command votes of 5-8 million.[70]
- May 8 – The Supreme Court junks petitions to postpone the elections due to the technical difficulties found with the issue of the CF Cards[71]
- May 10 — Election Day
- May 10 – COMELEC extends the voting hours until 7 pm.[72]
- May 11 – After initial election results, De los Reyes, Gordon, Teodoro, Villar and Villanueva conceded defeat to Aquino in the presidential race while Estrada says he won't concede and will wait for the congressional canvass. Chipeco, Legarda, Manzano and Yasay conceded defeat in the vice presidential race.[73][74][75][76]
- May 25 – Congress approves the rules for the canvassing of the Certificates of Canvass for the presidential and vice-presidential positions.[77]
- May 26 – The National Board of Canvassers through the Joint Canvassing Committee composed of evenly of both the Senate and the House of Representatives convene.[78]
- May 28 – Canvassing finally starts with the first certificate of canvass (COC) fromLaosto be opened.[79]
- May 31 – June 4 - The issue of null votes i.e.overvotes,undervotes,abstentions,were raised by the Aquino-Roxas Bantay Balota (Aquino and Roxas Ballot Watch). COMELEC, however, stated that the rule on null votes is equivalent on the rule on stray votes before automation, thus the rules on stray or null votes would apply even if votes were manually counted in an electoral protest.
- June 4 - Several municipalities which declared failure of Elections on May 10 hold rescheduled elections. These were mostly inLanao del Sur.
- June 8 – Canvassing ends with Aquino (15,208,678) and Binay (14,645,574) winning the presidential and vice presidential elections.[80]
- June 9 – In a speedy deliberation in a public session, the Congress approves the report of the Joint Committee officially proclaiming Aquino and Binay the winners. Through a speech read by his son SenatorJinggoy Estrada,Estrada concedes and promises to support Aquino.[81]
- June 9 - Congress proclaims SenatorBenigno Aquino IIIas president-elect and Makati MayorJejomar Binayas vice president-elect of the Republic of the Philippines.[81]
Post-election period
[edit]- June 30 - Aquino and Binay inaugurated as president and vice president of the Philippines.
- July 10 – Roxas files an electoral protest against Binay at thePresidential Electoral Tribunal(PET). Binay's camp shrugged off the protest and says that tribunal will "uphold his victory".[2]
- July 12 – The Presidential Electoral Tribunal (PET) declares the electoral protest of Roxas "sufficient in form and substance". The PET issues summons to Binay to respond to the protest within ten days.[82]
Candidates
[edit]In the Philippines, themulti-party systemis implemented. Sometimes acoalitionof different parties are made. Notable this year is thePwersa ng Masang Pilipino–PDP–LabanandNacionalista Party–NPCcoalitions. Each party hosts candidates who go through a process to determine thepresidential nomineefor that party.
TheCommission on Electionsreleased its list of 16 approved candidates for president and vice-president on December 15.[83]One disqualified candidate, Perlas, was reinstated.[84]
This is arranged by the presidential candidates' surname.
Presidential candidate | Vice presidential candidate | Campaign | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Image | Candidate name and party | Most recent political position | Image | Candidate name and party | Most recent political position | |||
Benigno Aquino III Liberal |
Senator (Incumbent since 2007) |
Mar Roxas Liberal |
Senator (Incumbent since 2004) |
(Campaign) | ||||
John Carlos de los Reyes Ang Kapatiran |
Member of theOlongapoCity Council (Incumbent since 2007; 1995–1998) |
Dominador Chipeco Jr. Ang Kapatiran |
none | |||||
Joseph Estrada PMP |
FormerPresident (1998 – 2001) |
Jejomar Binay PDP–Laban |
Mayor of Makati (Incumbent since 2001) |
|||||
Dick Gordon Bagumbayan–VNP |
Senator (Incumbent since 2004) |
Bayani Fernando Bagumbayan–VNP |
Chairperson of the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (2002 – 2009) |
|||||
Jamby Madrigal Independent |
Senator (Incumbent since 2004) |
none | ||||||
Nicanor Perlas Independent |
none | |||||||
Gilberto Teodoro Lakas–CMD |
Secretary of National Defense (2004 – 2010) |
Edu Manzano Lakas–CMD |
Chairman of theOptical Media Board(2004 – 2009) | |||||
Eddie Villanueva Bangon Pilipinas |
none | Perfecto Yasay Jr. Bangon Pilipinas |
Chairperson of theSecurities and Exchange Commission (1995 – 2000) |
|||||
Manny Villar Nacionalista |
Senate President(2006 – 2008) | Loren Legarda NPC |
Senator (Incumbent since 2007) |
|||||
none[a] | Jay Sonza KBL |
none |
- ^Vetellano Acosta, Jay Sonza's running mate, was disqualified.
Opinion polls
[edit]The Philippines has two primary opinion polling companies:Social Weather Stations(SWS) andPulse Asia.
For president
[edit]Plotted as a 3-periodmoving averageof the surveys.
For vice president
[edit]Plotted as a 3-periodmoving averageof the surveys.
Exit poll
[edit]SWS conducted an exit poll. SWS's 2004 exit poll missed by a large margin the result.[85]
According to the SWS exit poll, 45% of Muslims voted for Binay, while only 17% chose Roxas and 28% for Legarda. About 75% of the members of theIglesia ni Cristovoted for Roxas. Despite having the endorsement of several Catholic bishops, de los Reyes only got 0.2% of the Catholic vote, while Aquino, despite being branded by some Catholic organizations as not pro-life, got 44%.[86]
President
[edit]Poll source | Date(s) conducted | Sample size |
Margin of error |
Aquino | De los Reyes | Estrada | Gordon | Madrigal | Perlas | Teodoro | Villanueva | Villar |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SWS[87] | May 10 | 52,573 | ±1% | 43.34 | 0.15 | 26.38 | 1.40 | 0.23 | 0.13 | 10.25 | 3.40 | 14.73 |
Vice President
[edit]Poll source | Date(s) conducted | Sample size |
Margin of error |
Binay | Chipeco | Fernando | Legarda | Manzano | Roxas | Sonza | Yasay |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SWS[87] | May 10 | 52,573 | ±1% | 42.52 | 0.43 | 2.92 | 11.51 | 1.81 | 39.17 | 0.20 | 1.43 |
Results
[edit]The candidate in each position withthe highest number of votesis declared the winner; there is norunoff.Congressshall canvass the votes in joint public session.
When there are two or more candidates who have the highest and an equal number of votes, Congress, voting separately via majority vote will choose from these candidates, who have the highest and equal number of votes, who is to be the president.
TheSupreme Courtshall "be the sole judge of all contests relating to the election, returns, and qualifications of the President or Vice President".
There are several parallel tallies, with the congressional canvass the official tally. The COMELEC used the election returns from the polling precincts; the Congress as the national board of canvassers will base their official tally from the certificates of canvass from the provinces and cities, which were derived from the election returns. The accredited citizen's arm, theParish Pastoral Council for Responsible Voting(PPCRV) also used the election returns from the polling precincts. In theory, all tallies must be identical.
For president
[edit]Congress injoint sessionas the National Board of Canvassers convened in theBatasang Pambansa ComplexinQuezon City,the home of theHouse of Representatives.Only a committee canvassed the votes, with the same number of members from both theSenateand the House of Representatives.
On June 8, Congress finished canvassing all of the votes, with the final canvass showing that Aquino and Binay had won. Aquino and Binay were proclaimed as president-elect and vice president-elect in a joint session on June 9. The president-elect and vice president-elect were inaugurated onJune 30, 2010.[88]Aquino, son of the 11th presidentCorazon Aquino,became the second child of a former president to become president themselves after his immediate predecessorGloria Macapagal Arroyo,whose father was the 9th presidentDiosdado Macapagal.
In case a president has not been determined by June 30, the vice president-elect shall act as president until a president has been determined. If both positions have not yet been determined, thePresident of the Senate,or theSpeaker of the House of Representativesif the former is unable to do so, shall act as president. Congress shall enact a law on who acts as president if neither of the officials already stated are unable to do so.
Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Benigno Aquino III | Liberal Party | 15,208,678 | 42.08 | |
Joseph Estrada | Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino | 9,487,837 | 26.25 | |
Manny Villar | Nacionalista Party | 5,573,835 | 15.42 | |
Gilbert Teodoro | Lakas Kampi CMD | 4,095,839 | 11.33 | |
Eddie Villanueva | Bangon Pilipinas | 1,125,878 | 3.12 | |
Dick Gordon | Bagumbayan–VNP | 501,727 | 1.39 | |
Nicanor Perlas | Independent | 54,575 | 0.15 | |
Jamby Madrigal | Independent | 46,489 | 0.13 | |
John Carlos de los Reyes | Ang Kapatiran | 44,244 | 0.12 | |
Total | 36,139,102 | 100.00 | ||
Valid votes | 36,139,102 | 94.73 | ||
Invalid/blank votes[a] | 2,010,269 | 5.27 | ||
Total votes | 38,149,371 | 100.00 | ||
Registered voters/turnout | 51,317,073 | 74.34 | ||
Source:COMELEC |
- ^Includes 181,985 votes for Vetellano Acosta (Kilusang Bagong Lipunan) who was disqualified after the ballots were printed.
By region
[edit]Region | Aquino | Estrada | Villar | Teodoro | Villanueva | Gordon | Perlas | Madrigal | de los Reyes | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | |
Ilocos Region | 714,120 | 32.56 | 481,263 | 21.94 | 665,290 | 30.34 | 231,785 | 10.57 | 71,611 | 3.27 | 21,304 | 0.97 | 1,995 | 0.09 | 3,674 | 0.17 | 1,970 | 0.09 |
Cordillera Administrative Region | 188,354 | 29.14 | 150,363 | 23.27 | 125,373 | 19.40 | 126,215 | 19.53 | 43,028 | 6.66 | 9,267 | 1.43 | 1,372 | 0.21 | 1,418 | 0.22 | 905 | 0.14 |
Cagayan Valley | 375,851 | 28.95 | 486,244 | 37.46 | 265,475 | 20.45 | 114,155 | 8.79 | 43,001 | 3.31 | 8,867 | 0.68 | 1,718 | 0.13 | 1,552 | 0.12 | 1,319 | 0.11 |
Central Luzon | 1,812,958 | 43.29 | 1,069,923 | 25.55 | 515,775 | 12.32 | 505,045 | 12.06 | 158,974 | 3.80 | 112,960 | 2.70 | 3,593 | 0.08 | 4,281 | 0.10 | 4,010 | 0.10 |
National Capital Region | 1,882,188 | 45.08 | 1,170,772 | 28.04 | 381,122 | 9.13 | 436,141 | 10.44 | 139,232 | 3.34 | 148,070 | 3.54 | 6,480 | 0.16 | 5,965 | 0.14 | 5,285 | 0.13 |
Calabarzon | 2,274,684 | 47.57 | 1,442,722 | 30.17 | 415,630 | 8.69 | 356,952 | 7.47 | 183,190 | 3.83 | 91,485 | 1.91 | 5,773 | 0.12 | 6,360 | 0.13 | 5,164 | 0.11 |
Mimaropa | 407,309 | 38.97 | 371,799 | 35.57 | 153,067 | 14.64 | 49,874 | 4.77 | 52,420 | 5.01 | 6,351 | 0.61 | 1,627 | 0.16 | 1,285 | 0.12 | 1,517 | 0.15 |
Bicol Region | 1,049,766 | 48.84 | 487,467 | 22.68 | 347,029 | 16.15 | 188,171 | 8.75 | 50,415 | 2.35 | 15,517 | 0.72 | 3,381 | 0.15 | 4,182 | 0.20 | 3,523 | 0.16 |
Western Visayas | 1,524,571 | 52.57 | 287,038 | 9.90 | 661,077 | 22.80 | 334,673 | 11.54 | 61,418 | 2.12 | 16,977 | 0.59 | 6,211 | 0.21 | 3,712 | 0.13 | 4,216 | 0.14 |
Central Visayas | 1,575,389 | 54.91 | 177,101 | 6.17 | 449,199 | 15.66 | 581,806 | 20.28 | 52,998 | 1.85 | 17,703 | 0.62 | 6,216 | 0.22 | 3,555 | 0.11 | 5,184 | 0.18 |
Eastern Visayas | 693,987 | 40.18 | 427,689 | 24.76 | 327,623 | 18.97 | 212,439 | 12.30 | 45,583 | 2.64 | 10,922 | 0.63 | 3,605 | 0.21 | 2,695 | 0.15 | 2,699 | 0.16 |
Zamboanga Peninsula | 430,448 | 36.88 | 370,835 | 31.77 | 234,221 | 20.07 | 97,925 | 8.39 | 24,985 | 2.14 | 3,965 | 0.34 | 2,251 | 0.19 | 1,078 | 0.10 | 1,389 | 0.12 |
Northern Mindanao | 551,868 | 32.30 | 621,467 | 36.37 | 231,218 | 13.53 | 247,867 | 14.51 | 41,128 | 2.41 | 7,871 | 0.46 | 3,041 | 0.18 | 1,592 | 0.09 | 2,510 | 0.15 |
Davao Region | 501,263 | 29.38 | 815,308 | 47.78 | 160,107 | 9.38 | 172,199 | 10.09 | 44,571 | 2.61 | 7,539 | 0.44 | 2,262 | 0.13 | 1,417 | 0.08 | 1,623 | 0.11 |
Soccsksargen | 306,646 | 23.27 | 791,130 | 60.05 | 113,060 | 8.58 | 67,978 | 5.15 | 31,443 | 2.39 | 3,983 | 0.30 | 1,689 | 0.13 | 893 | 0.07 | 718 | 0.06 |
Caraga | 371,665 | 36.74 | 194,002 | 19.18 | 168,581 | 16.66 | 218,583 | 21.61 | 49,726 | 4.92 | 4,701 | 0.47 | 2,006 | 0.20 | 1,205 | 0.12 | 1,180 | 0.10 |
ARMM | 461,314 | 42.48 | 126,407 | 11.64 | 341,631 | 31.46 | 133,877 | 12.33 | 12,434 | 1.15 | 7,143 | 0.65 | 1,126 | 0.10 | 1,369 | 0.12 | 791 | 0.07 |
For vice president
[edit]The candidate with the highest number of votes wins the vice presidency. In case when two or more candidates have the highest number of votes, one of them shall be chosen by the vote of a majority of all the members of both Houses of the Congress, voting separately.
Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Jejomar Binay[a] | PDP–Laban | 14,645,574 | 41.65 | |
Mar Roxas | Liberal Party | 13,918,490 | 39.58 | |
Loren Legarda[b] | Nationalist People's Coalition | 4,294,664 | 12.21 | |
Bayani Fernando | Bagumbayan–VNP | 1,017,631 | 2.89 | |
Edu Manzano | Lakas Kampi CMD | 807,728 | 2.30 | |
Perfecto Yasay Jr. | Bangon Pilipinas | 364,652 | 1.04 | |
Jay Sonza[c] | Kilusang Bagong Lipunan | 64,230 | 0.18 | |
Dominador Chipeco Jr. | Ang Kapatiran | 52,562 | 0.15 | |
Total | 35,165,531 | 100.00 | ||
Valid votes | 35,165,531 | 92.18 | ||
Invalid/blank votes | 2,983,840 | 7.82 | ||
Total votes | 38,149,371 | – | ||
Registered voters/turnout | 51,317,073 | 74.34 | ||
Source:COMELEC |
- ^Running mate ofJoseph Estrada(Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino)
- ^Running mate ofManny Villar(Nacionalista Party)
- ^Running mate of Vetellano Acosta (Kilusang Bagong Lipunan) who was disqualified
By region
[edit]Region | Binay | Roxas | Legarda | Fernando | Manzano | Yasay | Sonza | Chipeco | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | |
Ilocos Region | 812,386 | 37.76 | 758,863 | 35.27 | 485,821 | 22.58 | 49,922 | 2.32 | 23,350 | 1.09 | 16,444 | 0.76 | 2,598 | 0.12 | 2,083 | 0.10 |
Cordillera Administrative Region | 230,159 | 36.83 | 211,930 | 33.92 | 133,719 | 21.40 | 21,094 | 3.38 | 13,753 | 2.20 | 12,270 | 1.96 | 1,081 | 0.17 | 852 | 0.14 |
Cagayan Valley | 683,359 | 53.68 | 337,018 | 26.48 | 205,333 | 16.13 | 22,857 | 1.80 | 12,136 | 0.95 | 8,709 | 0.68 | 1,471 | 0.12 | 2,042 | 0.16 |
Central Luzon | 1,702,473 | 41.32 | 1,666,679 | 40.45 | 464,009 | 11.26 | 169,045 | 4.10 | 59,666 | 1.45 | 45,583 | 1.11 | 9,585 | 0.23 | 3,379 | 0.08 |
National Capital Region | 2,150,806 | 51.62 | 1,476,192 | 35.43 | 187,979 | 4.51 | 254,019 | 6.10 | 35,239 | 0.85 | 50,184 | 1.20 | 9,210 | 0.22 | 2,860 | 0.07 |
Calabarzon | 2,455,951 | 51.89 | 1,686,331 | 35.63 | 328,983 | 6.95 | 151,775 | 3.21 | 39,310 | 0.83 | 55,353 | 1.17 | 8,417 | 0.18 | 6,548 | 0.14 |
Mimaropa | 375,338 | 37.06 | 369,350 | 36.46 | 205,133 | 20.25 | 28,181 | 2.78 | 19,137 | 1.89 | 12,714 | 1.26 | 1,564 | 0.15 | 1,481 | 0.15 |
Bicol Region | 869,160 | 42.03 | 811,999 | 39.26 | 262,741 | 12.70 | 51,077 | 2.47 | 47,685 | 2.31 | 16,851 | 0.82 | 3,787 | 0.18 | 4,802 | 0.23 |
Western Visayas | 566,181 | 20.08 | 1,808,541 | 64.13 | 305,495 | 10.83 | 52,357 | 1.86 | 54,475 | 1.93 | 22,569 | 0.80 | 5,464 | 0.19 | 5,174 | 0.18 |
Central Visayas | 704,523 | 25.57 | 1,595,165 | 57.89 | 266,850 | 9.69 | 45,217 | 1.64 | 109,162 | 3.96 | 23,256 | 0.84 | 5,283 | 0.19 | 5,966 | 0.22 |
Eastern Visayas | 655,360 | 41.00 | 591,243 | 36.98 | 218,123 | 13.64 | 30,028 | 1.88 | 80,740 | 5.05 | 16,337 | 1.02 | 2,923 | 0.18 | 3,879 | 0.25 |
Zamboanga Peninsula | 526,162 | 48.06 | 378,429 | 34.57 | 125,045 | 11.42 | 17,311 | 1.58 | 35,786 | 3.27 | 7,360 | 0.67 | 1,726 | 0.16 | 2,905 | 0.27 |
Northern Mindanao | 643,423 | 39.28 | 593,417 | 36.22 | 274,661 | 16.77 | 28,382 | 1.73 | 75,746 | 4.62 | 16,621 | 1.01 | 3,028 | 0.19 | 2,910 | 0.18 |
Davao Region | 845,958 | 50.77 | 576,205 | 34.59 | 156,137 | 9.37 | 28,891 | 1.73 | 35,768 | 2.15 | 17,846 | 1.07 | 2,810 | 0.17 | 2,445 | 0.15 |
Soccsksargen | 611,724 | 47.60 | 408,656 | 31.80 | 190,652 | 14.84 | 23,365 | 1.82 | 37,699 | 2.93 | 9,740 | 0.76 | 1,533 | 0.12 | 1,553 | 0.13 |
Caraga | 306,778 | 31.77 | 389,764 | 40.36 | 135,683 | 14.05 | 19,523 | 2.02 | 93,729 | 9.71 | 16,492 | 1.71 | 1,715 | 0.18 | 1,949 | 0.20 |
ARMM | 474,309 | 46.32 | 170,272 | 16.63 | 328,813 | 32.11 | 13,943 | 1.36 | 31,045 | 3.03 | 2,866 | 0.28 | 1,250 | 0.12 | 1,488 | 0.15 |
Close provinces/cities
[edit]Results of provincial canvasses for the presidential election | |
---|---|
Aquino |
Estrada |
Villar |
Teodoro |
Results of provincial canvasses for the vice presidential election | |
Binay |
Roxas |
Legarda |
Margin of victory is less than 5% for the presidential election:
- Guimaras:0.08% (Nacionalista win)
- Lanao del Norte:0.31% (Liberal win)
- Nueva Vizcaya:1.20% (PMP win)
- San Juan:1.53% (Liberal win)
- Abra:1.99% (PMP win)
- Sulu:3.33% (Liberal win)
- Palawan:3.35% (PMP win)
- Cagayan:3.78% (PMP win)
- Agusan del Sur:4.85% (Liberal win)
Margin of victory is less than 5% for the vice presidential election:
- Ilocos Sur:0.48% (Liberal win)
- Absentee voters: 0.64% (Liberal win)
- Marinduque:2.07% (Liberal win)
- Palawan: 2:30% (PDP-Laban)
- South Cotabato:3.36% (PDP-Laban win)
- Zamboanga del Norte:3.82% (Liberal win)
- Albay:4.07% (Liberal win)
- Agusan del Norte:4.44% (Liberal win)
- Quezon:4.54% (PDP-Laban win)
- Zamboanga City:4.62% (PDP-Laban win)
- Camarines Norte:4.72% (PDP-Laban win)
Unofficial tallies
[edit]COMELEC
[edit]The COMELEC originally released results for president and vice president based from election returns but stopped in order not to preempt Congress. The COMELEC held their tally at thePhilippine International Convention CenterinPasay.
2010 Philippine presidential election, COMELEC tally | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Candidate | Party | Results | ||
Votes | % | |||
Benigno Aquino III | Liberal | 12,233,002 | 42.16% | |
Joseph Estrada | PMP | 7,749,597 | 26.71% | |
Manuel Villar | Nacionalista | 4,329,215 | 14.92% | |
Gilbert Teodoro | Lakas Kampi CMD | 3,243,688 | 11.18% | |
Eddie Villanueva | Bangon Pilipinas | 916,543 | 3.16% | |
Richard J. Gordon | Bagumbayan-VNP | 431,954 | 1.49% | |
Nicanor Perlas | Independent | 42,205 | 0.15% | |
Jamby Madrigal | Independent | 37,119 | 0.13% | |
John Carlos de los Reyes | Ang Kapatiran | 34,833 | 0.12% | |
Total valid votes cast | 29,018,156 | 56.57% | ||
Registered voters | 51,292,465 | 100.00% | ||
Clustered precincts reporting | 59,965 | 78.41% |
2010 Philippine vice presidential election, COMELEC tally | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Candidate | Party | Results | ||
Votes | % | |||
Jejomar Binay | PDP-Laban | 12,025,429 | 42.45% | |
Mar Roxas | Liberal | 11,213,563 | 39.59% | |
Loren Legarda | NPC | 3,808,944 | 11.51% | |
Bayani Fernando | Bagumbayan-VNP | 847,100 | 2.99% | |
Edu Manzano | Lakas Kampi CMD | 593,653 | 2.10% | |
Perfecto Yasay | Bangon Pilipinas | 295,558 | 1.04% | |
Jay Sonza | KBL | 50,722 | 0.18% | |
Dominador Chipeco Jr. | Ang Kapatiran | 40,335 | 0.14% | |
Total valid votes cast | 28,326,323 | 55.23% | ||
Registered voters | 51,292,465 | 55.84% | ||
Clustered precincts reporting | 59,965 | 78.41% |
PPCRV
[edit]The PPCRV held their tally at the Pope Pius Center inManila.
2010 Philippine presidential election, PPCRV-KBP count | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Candidate | Party | Results | ||
Votes | % | |||
Noynoy Aquino | Liberal | 14,012,761 | 42.10% | |
Joseph Estrada | PMP | 8,860,076 | 26.62% | |
Manuel Villar | Nacionalista | 5,073,824 | 15.24% | |
Gilbert Teodoro | Lakas Kampi CMD | 3,709,681 | 11.14% | |
Eddie Villanueva | Bangon Pilipinas | 1,029,406 | 3.09% | |
Richard J. Gordon | Bagumbayan-VNP | 470,131 | 1.41% | |
Nicanor Perlas | Independent | 49,362 | 0.15% | |
Jamby Madrigal | Independent | 42,657 | 0.13% | |
John Carlos de los Reyes | Ang Kapatiran | 40,430 | 0.12% | |
Total valid votes cast | 33,288,328 | 64.90% | ||
Registered voters | 51,292,465 | 100.00% | ||
Clustered precincts reporting | 69,001 | 90.23% |
2010 Philippine vice presidential election, PPCRV-KBP count | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Candidate | Party | Results | ||
Votes | % | |||
Jejomar Binay | PDP-Laban | 13,653,873 | 42.11% | |
Mar Roxas | Liberal | 12,823,404 | 39.55% | |
Loren Legarda | NPC | 3,856,989 | 11.89% | |
Bayani Fernando | Bagumbayan-VNP | 944,584 | 2.91% | |
Edu Manzano | Lakas Kampi CMD | 712,996 | 2.20% | |
Perfecto Yasay | Bangon Pilipinas | 327,501 | 1.01% | |
Jay Sonza | KBL | 58,202 | 0.18% | |
Dominador Chipeco Jr. | Ang Kapatiran | 47,799 | 0.15% | |
Total valid votes cast | 32,455,348 | 63.28% | ||
Registered voters | 51,292,465 | 100.00% | ||
Clustered precincts reporting | 69,001 | 90.23% |
Voter demographics
[edit]President
[edit]2010 presidential vote by demographic subgroup | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic subgroup | Aquino | Estrada | Villar | Other | % of total vote | ||
Total vote | 41 | 29 | 16 | 14 | 100 | ||
Location | |||||||
NCR | 43 | 31 | 10 | 16 | 10 | ||
Balance Luzon | 43 | 31 | 16 | 10 | 44 | ||
Visayas | 53 | 10 | 19 | 18 | 20 | ||
Mindanao | 33 | 40 | 16 | 11 | 27 | ||
Community | |||||||
Urban | 44 | 28 | 13 | 15 | 44 | ||
Rural | 39 | 30 | 18 | 13 | 56 | ||
Socio-economic class | |||||||
ABC | 52 | 17 | 13 | 18 | 8 | ||
D | 43 | 27 | 15 | 15 | 60 | ||
E | 35 | 35 | 18 | 12 | 32 | ||
Gender | |||||||
Male | 39 | 32 | 15 | 14 | 46 | ||
Female | 43 | 27 | 17 | 13 | 54 | ||
Age | |||||||
18-24 | 37 | 30 | 18 | 15 | 12 | ||
25-34 | 40 | 30 | 17 | 13 | 24 | ||
35-44 | 41 | 30 | 16 | 13 | 23 | ||
45-54 | 42 | 29 | 15 | 14 | 20 | ||
55-64 | 45 | 26 | 16 | 13 | 12 | ||
65 & up | 43 | 28 | 14 | 16 | 9 | ||
Education | |||||||
Some elementary/elementary graduate | 38 | 32 | 18 | 12 | 30 | ||
Some high school | 35 | 36 | 18 | 11 | 14 | ||
High school graduate | 41 | 31 | 16 | 12 | 25 | ||
Vocational | 45 | 29 | 13 | 13 | 6 | ||
Some college | 45 | 24 | 14 | 17 | 12 | ||
College graduate/post-college graduate | 50 | 15 | 13 | 22 | 12 | ||
Working status | |||||||
Employed | 41 | 29 | 15 | 15 | 56 | ||
Unemployed | 41 | 29 | 17 | 13 | 44 | ||
Religion | |||||||
Roman Catholic | 41 | 31 | 16 | 12 | 80 | ||
Islam | 48 | 12 | 30 | 10 | 5 | ||
Iglesia ni Cristo | 85 | 10 | 1 | 4 | 4 | ||
Aglipayan | 38 | 27 | 22 | 13 | 1 | ||
Others | 24 | 34 | 16 | 26 | 10 | ||
Ethnic groups | |||||||
Tagalog | 43 | 34 | 11 | 12 | 35 | ||
Cebuano | 39 | 31 | 14 | 16 | 26 | ||
Ilocano | 28 | 33 | 26 | 13 | 8 | ||
Ilonggo | 48 | 20 | 17 | 15 | 8 |
Source:Exit polls conducted byPulse Asia[89]
Vice President
[edit]2010 vice presidential vote by demographic subgroup | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic subgroup | Binay | Roxas | Legarda | Other | % of total vote | ||
Total vote | 43 | 37 | 14 | 6 | 100 | ||
Location | |||||||
NCR | 54 | 33 | 5 | 8 | 10 | ||
Balance Luzon | 46 | 34 | 15 | 5 | 44 | ||
Visayas | 25 | 55 | 13 | 7 | 20 | ||
Mindanao | 47 | 31 | 15 | 7 | 27 | ||
Community | |||||||
Urban | 48 | 38 | 9 | 5 | 47 | ||
Rural | 39 | 37 | 17 | 7 | 56 | ||
Socio-economic class | |||||||
ABC | 41 | 45 | 7 | 7 | 8 | ||
D | 43 | 39 | 12 | 6 | 60 | ||
E | 42 | 33 | 18 | 7 | 32 | ||
Gender | |||||||
Male | 45 | 36 | 13 | 6 | 46 | ||
Female | 41 | 39 | 14 | 6 | 54 | ||
Age | |||||||
18-24 | 46 | 33 | 15 | 6 | 12 | ||
25-34 | 45 | 34 | 16 | 6 | 24 | ||
35-44 | 44 | 37 | 14 | 6 | 23 | ||
45-54 | 44 | 40 | 11 | 5 | 20 | ||
55-64 | 38 | 43 | 12 | 7 | 12 | ||
65 & up | 33 | 45 | 14 | 8 | 9 | ||
Education | |||||||
Some elementary/elementary graduate | 38 | 35 | 19 | 8 | 30 | ||
Some high school | 43 | 35 | 16 | 6 | 14 | ||
High school graduate | 45 | 38 | 12 | 5 | 25 | ||
Vocational | 50 | 40 | 7 | 3 | 6 | ||
Some college | 46 | 39 | 11 | 4 | 12 | ||
College graduate/post-college graduate | 42 | 43 | 7 | 8 | 12 | ||
Working status | |||||||
Employed | 43 | 37 | 14 | 6 | 56 | ||
Unemployed | 42 | 38 | 14 | 6 | 44 | ||
Religion | |||||||
Roman Catholic | 45 | 37 | 13 | 5 | 80 | ||
Islam | 40 | 19 | 36 | 5 | 5 | ||
Iglesia ni Cristo | 9 | 86 | 3 | 2 | 4 | ||
Aglipayan | 29 | 44 | 19 | 8 | 1 | ||
Others | 44 | 30 | 15 | 11 | 10 | ||
Ethnic groups | |||||||
Tagalog | 52 | 34 | 9 | 5 | 35 | ||
Cebuano | 41 | 41 | 11 | 7 | 26 | ||
Ilocano | 41 | 30 | 24 | 5 | 8 | ||
Ilonggo | 29 | 56 | 9 | 6 | 8 |
Source:Exit polls conducted byPulse Asia[89]
Campaign expenses
[edit]According to the Fair Elections Act, the COMELEC's cap on spending is 10 pesos per voter for each candidate and another 5 pesos per voter for one's political party; since there are about 50 million voters, a candidate can spend up to 500 million pesos and a party can spend an additional 250 million pesos.
The following is a list of published campaign expenses; the COMELEC has no ability to confirm if these were true.[90][91][92][93]
Candidate (Party) | Amount raised (PHP) | Amount spent (PHP) | Votes | Spent per vote (PHP) | Spent per voter (PHP) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Benigno Aquino III(LP) | 440,050,000 (approx.) | 403,119,981.81 | 15,208,678 | 26.51 | 7.86 |
Joseph Estrada(PMP) | 8,000,000 (approx.) | 227,500,000 | 9,487,837 | 23.98 | 4.44 |
Manny Villar(NP) | 431,557,816 | 431,557,816 | 5,573,835 | 77.43 | 8.41 |
Gilbert Teodoro(Lakas-Kampi) | 64,688.88 | 3,463,307.21 | 4,095,839 | 0.85 | 0.07 |
Jamby Madrigal(I) | 55,182,264 | 55,182,264 | 46,489 | 1,187.00 | 1.08 |
Jejomar Binay(PDP-Laban) | 231,480,000 (approx.) | 217,938,289 | 14,645,574 | 14.88 | 4.25 |
Mar Roxas(LP) | 246,000,000 (approx.) | 279,351,224 | 13,918,490 | 20.07 | 5.45 |
Loren Legarda(NPC) | N/A | 210,280,000 | 4,294,664 | 48.96 | 4.10 |
Bayani Fernando(B-VNP) | 61,000,000 (approx.) | 80,081,865.61 | 1,017,631 | 78.69 | 1.56 |
See also
[edit]- Naging Mahirap,Manuel Villar's campaign jingle
Literature
[edit]- Reyes, Vicente (2013), "The impact of automation on elections: Case study of the May 2010 Philippine presidential contests",Journal of Developing Societies,29(3): 259–285,doi:10.1177/0169796X13494276
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External links
[edit]- Official Congressional Results
- Congressional Canvass Tally Board– Main Site
- Partial and Unofficial Results
- Philippines 2010 Election Results- Main Site
- Philippines 2010 Election Results- Alternate Site
- PPCRV Map Viewer- PPCRV Encoded Site
- PPCRV Map Viewer[permanent dead link]- PPCRV Site
- NAMFREL - 2010 PARALLEL COUNT- NAMFREL Site
- HALALAN 2010: Latest Comelec official results- ABS-CBN Site
- ELEKSYON 2010: National Election Results Tally- GMA Site
- ELEKSYON 2010: Regional Election Results Tally- GMA Site
- Auto-Vote 2010: Presidential Election Results- Hatol ng Bayan Site
- Auto-Vote 2010: Vice-Presidential Election Results- Hatol ng Bayan Site
- The Vote 2010 Election Results Tally- Bombo Radyo Site
- NGOs
- Official website of National Movement for Free Elections (NAMFREL)
- Official website of the Parish Pastoral Council for Responsible Voting (PPCRV)
- Media websites
- Halalan 2010- Election coverage byABS-CBN
- Eleksyon 2010- Election coverage byGMA Network
- Pagbabago 2010- Election coverage byTV5
- Hatol ng Bayan Auto Vote 2010- Election coverage by Government Media Group (NBN, RPN, IBC, PBS, PNA, PIA, BCS)