2016 United States presidential election in Kentucky
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Elections in Kentucky |
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The2016 United States presidential election in Kentuckywas held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016, as part of the2016 United States presidential electionin which all 50 states plus theDistrict of Columbiaparticipated.Kentuckyvoters chose electors to represent them in theElectoral Collegevia a popular vote, pitting theRepublican Party's nominee, businessmanDonald Trump,and running mateIndiana GovernorMike PenceagainstDemocratic Partynominee, formerSecretary of StateHillary Clinton,and her running mate VirginiaSenatorTim Kaine.Kentucky has eight electoral votes in the Electoral College.[2]
Although Kentucky was won twice by southern DemocratBill Clintonin1992and1996,Trump easily carried the state with 62.52% of the vote to Hillary Clinton's 32.68%, a margin of 29.84%. Trump won Kentucky by the largest margin of any Republican in history, and he swept counties across the state.[3]Clinton's performance was also the worst for any Democratic nominee in history. She carried only the state's two most urban and populous counties:Jefferson County,home toLouisville;andFayette County,home toLexington,both of which traditionally vote Democratic. Kentucky was also one of eleven states to have twice voted for Bill Clinton but against his wife Hillary in 2016.
Trump's victory in Kentucky made it his fifth-strongest state in the 2016 election afterWest Virginia,Wyoming,Oklahoma,andNorth Dakota.[4]Most notably, Trump endedElliott County's nearly 150-year tradition of voting Democratic in every presidential election, winning with 2,000 votes to Clinton's 740, or 70%–26%. Nevertheless, he became the first Republican sinceWarren G. Hardingin1920to win theWhite Housewithout carrying Fayette County.
Caucuses[edit]
Republican caucus[edit]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/2016_KY_GOP_Presidential_primary.svg/220px-2016_KY_GOP_Presidential_primary.svg.png)
- 30–40%
- 40–50%
- 50–60%
- 60–70%
- 20–30%
- 30–40%
- 40–50%
- 50–60%
- 60–70%
Delegates were awarded to candidates who got 5% or more of the vote proportionally.
In order to avoid a local law forbidding one candidate to run for two offices in the same primary,Rand Paulpaid to have a presidential caucus, which took place on March 5. Paul dropped out prior to this.[5]
Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Actual delegate count | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bound | Unbound | Total | |||
Donald Trump | 82,493 | 35.92% | 17 | 0 | 17 |
Ted Cruz | 72,503 | 31.57% | 15 | 0 | 15 |
Marco Rubio | 37,579 | 16.36% | 7 | 0 | 7 |
John Kasich | 33,134 | 14.43% | 7 | 0 | 7 |
Ben Carson(withdrawn) | 1,951 | 0.85% | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Rand Paul(withdrawn) | 872 | 0.38% | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Uncommitted | 496 | 0.22% | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Jeb Bush(withdrawn) | 305 | 0.13% | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Mike Huckabee(withdrawn) | 174 | 0.08% | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Chris Christie(withdrawn) | 65 | 0.03% | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Carly Fiorina(withdrawn) | 64 | 0.03% | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Rick Santorum(withdrawn) | 31 | 0.03% | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total: | 229,667 | 100.00% | 40 | 0 | 40 |
Source:The Green Papers,Republican Party of Kentucky |
Democratic primary[edit]
Four candidates appeared on the Democratic presidential primary ballot:
Kentucky Democratic primary, May 17, 2016 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Candidate | Popular vote | Estimated delegates | |||
Count | Percentage | Pledged | Unpledged | Total | |
Hillary Clinton | 212,534 | 46.76% | 28 | 2 | 30 |
Bernie Sanders | 210,623 | 46.33% | 27 | 0 | 27 |
Martin O'Malley(withdrawn) | 5,713 | 1.26% | |||
Roque "Rocky" De La Fuente | 1,594 | 0.35% | |||
Uncommitted | 24,104 | 5.30% | 0 | 3 | 3 |
Total | 454,568 | 100% | 55 | 5 | 60 |
Source:The Green Papers,Kentucky Secretary of State |
General Election[edit]
Polling[edit]
Predictions[edit]
The following are final 2016 predictions from various organizations for Kentucky as of Election Day.
Source | Ranking | As of |
---|---|---|
Los Angeles Times[6] | Safe R | November 6, 2016 |
CNN[7] | Safe R | November 8, 2016 |
Sabato's Crystal Ball[8] | Safe R | November 7, 2016 |
NBC[9] | Likely R | November 7, 2016 |
RealClearPolitics[10] | Safe R | November 8, 2016 |
Fox News[11] | Safe R | November 7, 2016 |
ABC[12] | Safe R | November 7, 2016 |
Statewide results[edit]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Donald Trump | 1,202,971 | 62.52% | |
Democratic | Hillary Clinton | 628,854 | 32.68% | |
Libertarian | Gary Johnson | 53,752 | 2.79% | |
Independent | Evan McMullin(write-in) | 22,780 | 1.18% | |
Green | Jill Stein | 13,913 | 0.72% | |
Write-in | 1,879 | 0.10% | ||
Total votes | 1,924,149 | 100.00% |
Results by county[edit]
County | Donald Trump Republican |
Hillary Clinton Democratic |
Various candidates Other parties |
Margin | Total | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
# | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | ||
Adair | 6,637 | 80.61% | 1,323 | 16.07% | 273 | 3.32% | 5,314 | 64.54% | 8,233 |
Allen | 6,466 | 79.87% | 1,349 | 16.66% | 281 | 3.47% | 5,117 | 63.21% | 8,096 |
Anderson | 8,242 | 72.16% | 2,634 | 23.06% | 546 | 4.78% | 5,608 | 49.10% | 11,422 |
Ballard | 3,161 | 77.08% | 816 | 19.90% | 124 | 3.02% | 2,345 | 57.18% | 4,101 |
Barren | 13,483 | 72.93% | 4,275 | 23.12% | 730 | 3.95% | 9,208 | 49.81% | 18,488 |
Bath | 3,082 | 67.19% | 1,361 | 29.67% | 144 | 3.14% | 1,721 | 37.52% | 4,587 |
Bell | 7,764 | 79.89% | 1,720 | 17.70% | 234 | 2.41% | 6,044 | 62.19% | 9,718 |
Boone | 39,082 | 67.83% | 15,026 | 26.08% | 3,510 | 6.09% | 24,056 | 41.75% | 57,618 |
Bourbon | 5,569 | 63.26% | 2,791 | 31.71% | 443 | 5.03% | 2,778 | 31.55% | 8,803 |
Boyd | 13,591 | 66.45% | 6,021 | 29.44% | 842 | 4.11% | 7,570 | 37.01% | 20,454 |
Boyle | 8,040 | 62.10% | 4,281 | 33.07% | 625 | 4.83% | 3,759 | 29.03% | 12,946 |
Bracken | 2,711 | 76.86% | 705 | 19.99% | 111 | 3.15% | 2,006 | 56.87% | 3,527 |
Breathitt | 3,991 | 69.55% | 1,537 | 26.79% | 210 | 3.66% | 2,454 | 42.76% | 5,738 |
Breckinridge | 6,484 | 73.90% | 1,960 | 22.34% | 330 | 3.76% | 4,524 | 51.56% | 8,774 |
Bullitt | 26,210 | 72.67% | 8,255 | 22.89% | 1,604 | 4.44% | 17,955 | 49.78% | 36,069 |
Butler | 4,428 | 79.41% | 947 | 16.98% | 201 | 3.61% | 3,481 | 62.43% | 5,576 |
Caldwell | 4,507 | 75.43% | 1,260 | 21.09% | 208 | 3.48% | 3,247 | 54.34% | 5,975 |
Calloway | 10,367 | 64.60% | 4,749 | 29.59% | 933 | 5.81% | 5,618 | 35.01% | 16,049 |
Campbell | 25,050 | 58.93% | 14,658 | 34.48% | 2,802 | 6.59% | 10,392 | 24.45% | 42,510 |
Carlisle | 2,094 | 80.51% | 432 | 16.61% | 75 | 2.88% | 1,662 | 63.90% | 2,601 |
Carroll | 2,588 | 67.13% | 1,106 | 28.69% | 161 | 4.18% | 1,482 | 38.44% | 3,855 |
Carter | 7,587 | 73.82% | 2,276 | 22.14% | 415 | 4.04% | 5,311 | 51.68% | 10,278 |
Casey | 5,482 | 85.14% | 767 | 11.91% | 190 | 2.95% | 4,715 | 73.23% | 6,439 |
Christian | 14,108 | 63.89% | 7,188 | 32.55% | 787 | 3.56% | 6,920 | 31.34% | 22,083 |
Clark | 10,710 | 66.09% | 4,706 | 29.04% | 789 | 4.87% | 6,004 | 37.05% | 16,205 |
Clay | 5,861 | 86.61% | 752 | 11.11% | 154 | 2.28% | 5,109 | 75.50% | 6,767 |
Clinton | 3,809 | 85.37% | 547 | 12.26% | 106 | 2.37% | 3,262 | 73.11% | 4,462 |
Crittenden | 3,290 | 81.50% | 617 | 15.28% | 130 | 3.22% | 2,673 | 66.22% | 4,037 |
Cumberland | 2,502 | 81.60% | 459 | 14.97% | 105 | 3.43% | 2,043 | 66.63% | 3,066 |
Daviess | 28,907 | 63.11% | 14,163 | 30.92% | 2,737 | 5.97% | 14,744 | 32.19% | 45,807 |
Edmonson | 4,135 | 78.85% | 979 | 18.67% | 130 | 2.48% | 3,156 | 60.18% | 5,244 |
Elliott | 2,000 | 70.05% | 740 | 25.92% | 115 | 4.03% | 1,260 | 44.13% | 2,855 |
Estill | 4,236 | 76.39% | 1,108 | 19.98% | 201 | 3.63% | 3,128 | 56.41% | 5,545 |
Fayette | 56,894 | 41.74% | 69,778 | 51.19% | 9,643 | 7.07% | -12,884 | -9.45% | 136,315 |
Fleming | 4,722 | 75.43% | 1,348 | 21.53% | 190 | 3.04% | 3,374 | 53.90% | 6,260 |
Floyd | 11,993 | 72.51% | 4,015 | 24.27% | 532 | 3.22% | 7,978 | 48.24% | 16,540 |
Franklin | 11,819 | 49.52% | 10,717 | 44.91% | 1,329 | 5.57% | 1,102 | 4.61% | 23,865 |
Fulton | 1,549 | 65.03% | 774 | 32.49% | 59 | 2.48% | 775 | 32.54% | 2,382 |
Gallatin | 2,443 | 73.19% | 749 | 22.44% | 146 | 4.37% | 1,694 | 50.75% | 3,338 |
Garrard | 5,904 | 77.45% | 1,453 | 19.06% | 266 | 3.49% | 4,451 | 58.39% | 7,623 |
Grant | 7,268 | 76.03% | 1,910 | 19.98% | 381 | 3.99% | 5,358 | 56.05% | 9,559 |
Graves | 12,671 | 76.30% | 3,308 | 19.92% | 627 | 3.78% | 9,363 | 56.38% | 16,606 |
Grayson | 8,219 | 77.71% | 1,959 | 18.52% | 398 | 3.77% | 6,260 | 59.19% | 10,576 |
Green | 4,372 | 81.98% | 832 | 15.60% | 129 | 2.42% | 3,540 | 66.38% | 5,333 |
Greenup | 11,546 | 70.93% | 4,146 | 25.47% | 585 | 3.60% | 7,400 | 45.46% | 16,277 |
Hancock | 2,788 | 64.91% | 1,244 | 28.96% | 263 | 6.13% | 1,544 | 35.95% | 4,295 |
Hardin | 26,971 | 62.50% | 13,944 | 32.31% | 2,241 | 5.19% | 13,027 | 30.19% | 43,156 |
Harlan | 9,129 | 84.87% | 1,372 | 12.75% | 256 | 2.38% | 7,757 | 72.12% | 10,757 |
Harrison | 5,435 | 69.85% | 2,031 | 26.10% | 315 | 4.05% | 3,404 | 43.75% | 7,781 |
Hart | 5,320 | 73.24% | 1,730 | 23.82% | 214 | 2.94% | 3,590 | 49.42% | 7,264 |
Henderson | 12,159 | 61.69% | 6,707 | 34.03% | 844 | 4.28% | 5,452 | 27.66% | 19,710 |
Henry | 4,944 | 69.16% | 1,828 | 25.57% | 377 | 5.27% | 3,116 | 43.59% | 7,149 |
Hickman | 1,657 | 76.82% | 449 | 20.82% | 51 | 2.36% | 1,208 | 56.00% | 2,157 |
Hopkins | 15,277 | 75.09% | 4,310 | 21.18% | 758 | 3.73% | 10,967 | 53.91% | 20,345 |
Jackson | 4,889 | 88.87% | 482 | 8.76% | 130 | 2.37% | 4,407 | 80.11% | 5,501 |
Jefferson | 143,768 | 40.72% | 190,836 | 54.05% | 18,496 | 5.23% | -47,068 | -13.33% | 353,100 |
Jessamine | 15,474 | 66.34% | 6,144 | 26.34% | 1,708 | 7.32% | 9,330 | 40.00% | 23,326 |
Johnson | 8,043 | 84.03% | 1,250 | 13.06% | 279 | 2.91% | 6,793 | 70.97% | 9,572 |
Kenton | 42,958 | 59.67% | 24,214 | 33.63% | 4,826 | 6.70% | 18,744 | 26.04% | 71,998 |
Knott | 4,357 | 75.60% | 1,245 | 21.60% | 161 | 2.80% | 3,112 | 54.00% | 5,763 |
Knox | 9,885 | 82.29% | 1,761 | 14.66% | 366 | 3.05% | 8,124 | 67.63% | 12,012 |
LaRue | 4,799 | 75.37% | 1,278 | 20.07% | 290 | 4.56% | 3,521 | 55.30% | 6,367 |
Laurel | 20,592 | 82.92% | 3,440 | 13.85% | 801 | 3.23% | 17,152 | 69.07% | 24,833 |
Lawrence | 4,816 | 79.71% | 1,045 | 17.30% | 181 | 2.99% | 3,771 | 62.41% | 6,042 |
Lee | 2,151 | 80.65% | 444 | 16.65% | 72 | 2.70% | 1,707 | 64.00% | 2,667 |
Leslie | 4,015 | 89.38% | 400 | 8.90% | 74 | 1.72% | 3,615 | 80.48% | 4,492 |
Letcher | 7,293 | 79.84% | 1,542 | 16.88% | 299 | 3.28% | 5,751 | 62.96% | 9,134 |
Lewis | 4,363 | 82.35% | 785 | 14.82% | 150 | 2.83% | 3,578 | 67.53% | 5,298 |
Lincoln | 7,338 | 76.75% | 1,865 | 19.51% | 358 | 3.74% | 5,473 | 57.24% | 9,561 |
Livingston | 3,570 | 76.86% | 887 | 19.10% | 188 | 4.04% | 2,683 | 57.76% | 4,645 |
Logan | 7,778 | 71.36% | 2,755 | 25.28% | 366 | 3.36% | 5,023 | 46.08% | 10,899 |
Lyon | 2,789 | 70.39% | 1,045 | 26.38% | 128 | 3.23% | 1,744 | 44.01% | 3,962 |
McCracken | 20,774 | 66.36% | 9,134 | 29.18% | 1,399 | 4.46% | 11,640 | 37.18% | 31,307 |
McCreary | 5,012 | 86.77% | 664 | 11.50% | 100 | 1.73% | 4,348 | 75.27% | 5,776 |
McLean | 3,381 | 74.05% | 988 | 21.64% | 197 | 4.31% | 2,393 | 52.41% | 4,566 |
Madison | 23,431 | 62.70% | 11,793 | 31.56% | 2,147 | 5.74% | 11,638 | 31.14% | 37,371 |
Magoffin | 3,824 | 74.75% | 1,172 | 22.91% | 120 | 2.34% | 2,652 | 51.84% | 5,116 |
Marion | 5,122 | 63.15% | 2,679 | 33.03% | 310 | 3.82% | 2,443 | 30.12% | 8,111 |
Marshall | 12,322 | 73.79% | 3,672 | 21.99% | 704 | 4.22% | 8,650 | 51.80% | 16,698 |
Martin | 3,503 | 88.62% | 363 | 9.18% | 87 | 2.20% | 3,140 | 79.44% | 3,953 |
Mason | 4,944 | 68.49% | 1,970 | 27.29% | 305 | 4.22% | 2,974 | 41.20% | 7,219 |
Meade | 8,660 | 70.80% | 3,026 | 24.74% | 545 | 4.46% | 5,634 | 46.06% | 12,231 |
Menifee | 2,010 | 72.33% | 700 | 25.19% | 69 | 2.48% | 1,310 | 47.14% | 2,779 |
Mercer | 7,740 | 73.12% | 2,395 | 22.63% | 450 | 4.25% | 5,345 | 50.49% | 10,585 |
Metcalfe | 3,491 | 75.56% | 976 | 21.13% | 153 | 3.31% | 2,515 | 54.43% | 4,620 |
Monroe | 4,278 | 85.71% | 601 | 12.04% | 112 | 2.25% | 3,677 | 73.67% | 4,991 |
Montgomery | 7,856 | 68.60% | 3,158 | 27.58% | 438 | 3.82% | 4,698 | 41.02% | 11,452 |
Morgan | 3,628 | 75.98% | 1,006 | 21.07% | 141 | 2.95% | 2,622 | 54.91% | 4,775 |
Muhlenberg | 9,393 | 71.92% | 3,272 | 25.05% | 395 | 3.03% | 6,121 | 46.87% | 13,060 |
Nelson | 13,431 | 64.57% | 6,434 | 30.93% | 937 | 4.50% | 6,997 | 33.64% | 20,802 |
Nicholas | 1,957 | 68.88% | 787 | 27.70% | 97 | 3.42% | 1,170 | 41.18% | 2,841 |
Ohio | 7,942 | 76.38% | 2,080 | 20.00% | 376 | 3.62% | 5,862 | 56.38% | 10,398 |
Oldham | 20,469 | 62.30% | 10,268 | 31.25% | 2,116 | 6.45% | 10,201 | 31.05% | 32,853 |
Owen | 3,745 | 74.89% | 1,062 | 21.24% | 194 | 3.87% | 2,683 | 53.65% | 5,001 |
Owsley | 1,474 | 83.80% | 256 | 14.55% | 29 | 1.65% | 1,218 | 69.25% | 1,759 |
Pendleton | 4,604 | 76.64% | 1,164 | 19.38% | 239 | 3.98% | 3,440 | 57.26% | 6,007 |
Perry | 8,158 | 77.17% | 2,136 | 20.20% | 278 | 2.63% | 6,022 | 56.97% | 10,572 |
Pike | 19,747 | 80.06% | 4,280 | 17.35% | 638 | 2.59% | 15,467 | 62.71% | 24,665 |
Powell | 3,513 | 70.87% | 1,272 | 25.66% | 172 | 3.47% | 2,241 | 45.21% | 4,957 |
Pulaski | 22,902 | 81.67% | 4,208 | 15.01% | 931 | 3.32% | 18,694 | 66.66% | 28,041 |
Robertson | 759 | 74.93% | 222 | 21.92% | 32 | 3.15% | 537 | 53.01% | 1,013 |
Rockcastle | 5,609 | 83.83% | 915 | 13.68% | 167 | 2.49% | 4,694 | 70.15% | 6,691 |
Rowan | 5,174 | 58.48% | 3,295 | 37.24% | 379 | 4.28% | 1,879 | 21.24% | 8,848 |
Russell | 6,863 | 83.96% | 1,093 | 13.37% | 218 | 2.67% | 5,770 | 70.59% | 8,174 |
Scott | 15,052 | 62.20% | 7,715 | 31.88% | 1,433 | 5.92% | 7,337 | 30.32% | 24,200 |
Shelby | 13,196 | 64.12% | 6,276 | 30.50% | 1,108 | 5.38% | 6,920 | 33.62% | 20,580 |
Simpson | 5,077 | 67.41% | 2,144 | 28.47% | 310 | 4.12% | 2,933 | 38.94% | 7,531 |
Spencer | 7,196 | 75.63% | 1,921 | 20.19% | 398 | 4.18% | 5,275 | 55.44% | 9,515 |
Taylor | 8,320 | 73.59% | 2,553 | 22.58% | 433 | 3.83% | 5,767 | 51.01% | 11,306 |
Todd | 3,612 | 75.58% | 1,042 | 21.80% | 125 | 2.62% | 2,570 | 53.78% | 4,779 |
Trigg | 4,931 | 73.04% | 1,587 | 23.51% | 233 | 3.45% | 3,344 | 49.53% | 6,751 |
Trimble | 2,771 | 72.96% | 879 | 23.14% | 148 | 3.90% | 1,892 | 49.82% | 3,798 |
Union | 4,701 | 75.69% | 1,331 | 21.43% | 179 | 2.88% | 3,370 | 54.26% | 6,211 |
Warren | 28,673 | 59.18% | 16,966 | 35.01% | 2,815 | 5.81% | 11,707 | 24.17% | 48,454 |
Washington | 4,013 | 71.20% | 1,420 | 25.20% | 203 | 3.60% | 2,593 | 46.00% | 5,636 |
Wayne | 6,371 | 79.72% | 1,431 | 17.91% | 190 | 2.37% | 4,940 | 61.81% | 7,992 |
Webster | 4,397 | 75.75% | 1,240 | 21.36% | 168 | 2.89% | 3,157 | 54.39% | 5,805 |
Whitley | 11,312 | 82.13% | 2,067 | 15.01% | 395 | 2.86% | 9,245 | 67.12% | 13,774 |
Wolfe | 1,804 | 68.46% | 753 | 28.58% | 78 | 2.96% | 1,051 | 39.88% | 2,635 |
Woodford | 7,697 | 56.75% | 4,958 | 36.56% | 908 | 6.69% | 2,739 | 20.19% | 13,563 |
Totals | 1,202,971 | 62.52% | 628,854 | 32.68% | 92,325 | 4.80% | 574,117 | 29.84% | 1,924,150 |
Counties that flipped from Democratic to Republican[edit]
- Elliot(largest city:Sandy Hook)
- Franklin(largest city:Frankfort)
By congressional district[edit]
Trump won 5 of 6 congressional districts.
District | Trump | Clinton | Representative |
---|---|---|---|
1st | 72% | 24% | Ed Whitfield |
James Comer | |||
2nd | 68% | 28% | Brett Guthrie |
3rd | 40% | 55% | John Yarmuth |
4th | 65% | 29% | Thomas Massie |
5th | 80% | 18% | Hal Rogers |
6th | 55% | 39% | Andy Barr |
See also[edit]
- Democratic Party presidential debates, 2016
- Democratic Party presidential primaries, 2016
- Republican Party presidential debates, 2016
- Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
- ^Voter Turnout by Age and SexArchivedJuly 1, 2017, at theWayback Machine
- ^"Distribution of Electoral Votes".National Archives and Records Administration.RetrievedNovember 25,2020.
- ^"Presidential General Election Results Comparison - Kentucky".Uselectionatlas.org.RetrievedOctober 19,2021.
- ^"2016 Presidential Election Statistics".Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.RetrievedMarch 5,2018.
- ^"Kentucky caucus moves forward without Rand Paul | News".Richmondregister.com.February 14, 2016.RetrievedNovember 13,2016.
- ^"Our final map has Clinton winning with 352 electoral votes. Compare your picks with ours".Los Angeles Times.November 6, 2016.RetrievedNovember 13,2016.
- ^"Road to 270: CNN's general election map - CNNPolitics.com".Cnn.com.November 8, 2016.RetrievedNovember 13,2016.
- ^"Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball » 2016 President".Centerforpolitics.org.November 7, 2016.RetrievedNovember 13,2016.
- ^Todd, Chuck."NBC's Final Battleground Map Shows Clinton With a Significant Lead".NBC News.RetrievedNovember 13,2016.
- ^"2016 Election Maps - Battle for White House".RealClearPolitics.RetrievedNovember 13,2016.
- ^"Electoral Scorecard: Map shifts again in Trump's favor, as Clinton holds edge".Fox News.November 7, 2016.RetrievedNovember 13,2016.
- ^"The Final 15: The Latest Polls in the Swing States That Will Decide the Election".Abcnews.go.com.November 7, 2016.RetrievedNovember 13,2016.
- ^Federal Election Commission