March 31
(Redirected from31 March)
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| 2018 (Saturday) |
| 2017 (Friday) |
| 2016 (Thursday) |
| 2015 (Tuesday) |
March 31is the 90th day of the year (91st inleap years) in theGregorian calendar;275 days remain until the end of the year.
Events[edit]
Pre-1600[edit]
- 307– After divorcing his wifeMinervina,ConstantinemarriesFausta,daughter of the retiredRoman emperorMaximian.[1]
- 1146–Bernard of Clairvauxpreaches his famous sermon in a field atVézelay,urging the necessity of aSecond Crusade.Louis VIIis present, and joins the Crusade.[2]
- 1492– QueenIsabella of Castileissues theAlhambra Decree,ordering her 150,000JewishandMuslimsubjects to convert toChristianityor face expulsion.
- 1521–Ferdinand Magellanandfifty of his mencame ashore to present-dayLimasawato participate in thefirst Catholic mass in the Philippines.[3]
1601–1900[edit]
- 1657– TheLong Parliamentpresents theHumble Petition and AdviceofferingOliver Cromwellthe British throne, which he eventually declines.[4]
- 1706– The last session of history of theCatalan Courts,the parliamentary body of thePrincipality of Catalonia,ends.Catalonia'sconstitutionalmodernisation passed by the Courts aims to improve the guarantee of individual, political and economic rights (among them, thesecrecy of correspondence).[5]
- 1717– A sermon on "The Nature of the Kingdom of Christ" byBenjamin Hoadly,theBishop of Bangor,preached in the presence of KingGeorge I of Great Britain,provokes theBangorian Controversy.[6]
- 1761– The1761 Lisbon earthquakestrikes off theIberian Peninsulawith an estimatedmagnitudeof 8.5, six years after another quake destroyed the city.[7]
- 1774–American Revolution:TheKingdom of Great Britainorders the port ofBoston,Massachusettsclosed pursuant to theBoston Port Act.
- 1814– TheSixth Coalitionoccupies ParisafterNapoleon'sGrande Arméecapitulates.[8]
- 1854–CommodoreMatthew Perrysigns theConvention of Kanagawawith theTokugawa Shogunate,opening the ports ofShimodaandHakodateto American trade.
- 1885– TheUnited Kingdomestablishes theBechuanaland Protectorate.
- 1889– TheEiffel Toweris officially opened.[9]
- 1899–Malolos,capital of theFirst Philippine Republic,is captured by American forces.[10]
1901–present[edit]
- 1901–RusalkabyAntonín Dvořákpremieres at the National Opera House in Prague.[11]
- 1905–Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germanydeclares his support for Moroccan independence inTangier,beginning theFirst Moroccan Crisis.[12]
- 1906– The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (later theNational Collegiate Athletic Association) is established to set rules forcollege sports in the United States.
- 1909– Serbia formally withdraws its opposition to Austro-Hungarian actions in theBosnian Crisis.
- 1913– The Vienna Concert Society rioted during a performance ofmodernist musicbyArnold Schoenberg,Alban Berg,Alexander von Zemlinsky,andAnton von Webern,causing a premature end to the concert due to violence; this concert became known as theSkandalkonzert.
- 1917– According to the terms of theTreaty of the Danish West Indies,the islands become American possessions.
- 1918–Massacre of ethnic Azerbaijanisis committed by allied armed groups ofArmenian Revolutionary FederationandBolsheviks.Nearly 12,000AzerbaijaniMuslims are killed.
- 1918 –Daylight saving timegoes into effect in the United States for the first time.
- 1921– TheRoyal Australian Air Forceis formed.
- 1930– TheMotion Picture Production Codeis instituted, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion and violence in film, in the U.S., for the next thirty-eight years.
- 1931– Anearthquake in NicaraguadestroysManagua;killing 2,000.
- 1931 – ATranscontinental & Western Air airliner crashesnearBazaar, Kansas,killing eight, includingUniversity of Notre Damehead football coachKnute Rockne.
- 1933– TheCivilian Conservation Corpsis established with the mission of relieving rampant unemployment in theUnited States.
- 1939–Events preceding World War II in Europe:Prime MinisterNeville Chamberlainpledges British military support to theSecond Polish Republicin the event of an invasion byNazi Germany.[13]
- 1942–World War II:Japanese forces invade Christmas Island,then a British possession.
- 1945– World War II: A defectingGermanpilot delivers aMesserschmitt Me 262A-1,the world's first operationaljet-poweredfighter aircraft,to the Americans, the first to fall into Allied hands.
- 1949– TheDominion of Newfoundlandjoins theCanadian Confederationand becomes the 10thProvince of Canada.
- 1951–Remington Randdelivers the firstUNIVAC Icomputer to theUnited States Census Bureau.
- 1957–Elections to the Territorial Assemblyof the French colonyUpper Voltaare held. After the electionsPDUandMDVform a government.
- 1958– In theCanadian federal election,theProgressive Conservatives,led byJohn Diefenbaker,win the largest percentage of seats in Canadian history, with 208 seats of 265.
- 1959– The14th Dalai Lama,crosses the border into India and is grantedpolitical asylum.
- 1964– Brazilian GeneralOlímpio Mourão Filhoorders his troops tomove towards Rio de Janeiro,beginning thecoup d'étatand 21 years ofmilitary dictatorship.
- 1966– TheSoviet UnionlaunchesLuna 10which later becomes the firstspace probeto enter orbit around the Moon.
- 1966 – TheLabour PartyunderHarold Wilsonwins the1966 United Kingdom general election.[14]
- 1968– AmericanPresidentLyndon B. Johnsonspeaks to the nation of "Steps to Limit the War in Vietnam" in a television address. At the conclusion of his speech, he announces: "I shall not seek, and I will not accept, the nomination of my party for another term as your President."[15]
- 1970–Explorer 1re-enters theEarth's atmosphereafter 12 years in orbit.
- 1980– TheChicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroadoperates its final train after being ordered toliquidateits assets because ofbankruptcyanddebtsowed tocreditors.
- 1986–Mexicana de Aviación Flight 940crashes into theSierra Madre Orientalmountain range near the Mexican town ofMaravatío,killing 167.[16]
- 1990– Approximately200,000 protesters take to the streets of Londonto protest against the newly introducedPoll Tax.
- 1991–Georgian independence referendum:Nearly 99 percent of the voters support the country's independence from theSoviet Union.
- 1991 – TheWarsaw Pactformally disbands.[17]
- 1992– TheUSSMissouri,the last activeUnited States Navybattleship,is decommissioned inLong Beach, California.
- 1992 – TheTreaty of Federationis signed inMoscow.
- 1993– TheMacao Basic Lawis adopted by theEighth National People's Congress of Chinato take effect December 20, 1999.Resumption by China of the Exercise of Sovereignty over Macao
- 1995–Selenaismurderedby her fan club presidentYolanda Saldívarat aDays InninCorpus Christi, Texas.
- 1995 –TAROM Flight 371,anAirbus A310-300,crashes nearBalotesti,Romania,killing all 60 people on board.
- 1998–NetscapereleasesMozillasource code under an open source license.
- 2004–Iraq War in Anbar Province:InFallujah,Iraq, four Americanprivate military contractorsworking forBlackwater USA,are killed after beingambushed.
- 2005– Thedwarf planetMakemakeis discovered by a team led by astronomerMichael E. Brownat thePalomar Observatory.[18]
- 2016–NASAastronautScott KellyandRoscosmoscosmonautMikhail Kornienkoreturn to Earth after ayearlong missionat theInternational Space Station.[19]
- 2018– Start of the2018 Armenian revolution.
- 2023– Ahistoric tornado outbreakoccurs in the American Midwest and its northern South[20][21]
Births[edit]
Pre-1600[edit]
- 1360–Philippa of Lancaster(d. 1415)
- 1499–Pope Pius IV(d. 1565)[22]
- 1504–Guru Angad,Indian religious leader (d. 1552)
- 1519–Henry II of France(d. 1559)[23]
- 1536–Ashikaga Yoshiteru,Japanese shōgun (d. 1565)
- 1596–René Descartes,French mathematician and philosopher (d. 1650)[24]
1601–1900[edit]
- 1601–Jakov Mikalja,Italian linguist and lexicographer (d. 1654)
- 1621–Andrew Marvell,English poet and politician (d. 1678)
- 1651–Charles II, Elector Palatine,German husband ofPrincess Wilhelmine Ernestine of Denmark(d. 1685)
- 1675–Pope Benedict XIV(d. 1758)
- 1685–Johann Sebastian Bach,German composer (d. 1750)[25]
- 1718–Mariana Victoria of Spain(d. 1781)
- 1723–Frederick V of Denmark(d. 1766)
- 1730–Étienne Bézout,French mathematician and theorist (d. 1783)
- 1732–Joseph Haydn,Austrian pianist and composer (d. 1809)
- 1740–Panoutsos Notaras,Greek politician (d. 1849)
- 1747–Johann Abraham Peter Schulz,German pianist and composer (d. 1800)
- 1777–Charles Cagniard de la Tour,French physicist and engineer (d. 1859)
- 1778–Coenraad Jacob Temminck,Dutch zoologist and ornithologist (d. 1858)
- 1794–Thomas McKean Thompson McKennan,American lawyer and politician, 2ndUnited States Secretary of the Interior(d. 1852)
- 1809–Edward FitzGerald,English poet and translator (d. 1883)
- 1809 –Otto Lindblad,Swedish composer (d. 1864)
- 1813–Félix María Zuloaga,Mexican general and unconstitutional interim president (1858 and 1860–1862) (d. 1898)[26]
- 1819–Chlodwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst(d. 1901)
- 1823–Mary Boykin Chesnut,American author (d. 1886)
- 1833–Mary Abigail Dodge,American writer and essayist (d. 1896)
- 1835–John La Farge,American artist (d. 1910)
- 1847–Hermann de Pourtalès,Swiss sailor (d. 1904)
- 1847 –Yegor Ivanovich Zolotarev,Russian mathematician and theorist (d. 1878)
- 1851–Francis Bell,New Zealand lawyer and politician, 20thPrime Minister of New Zealand(d. 1936)
- 1855–Alfred E. Hunt,American businessman (d. 1899)
- 1859–Emil Fenyvessy,Hungarian actor and screenwriter (d. 1924)
- 1865–Anandi Gopal Joshi,Indian physician (d. 1887)
- 1871–Arthur Griffith,Irish journalist and politician, 3rdPresident of Dáil Éireann(d. 1922)
- 1872–Sergei Diaghilev,Russian ballet manager and critic, founded theBallets Russes(d. 1929)
- 1874–Benjamín G. Hill,Mexican revolutionary general, governor of Sonora (d. 1920)
- 1874 –Henri Marteau,French violinist and composer (d. 1934)
- 1876–Borisav Stanković,Serbian author (d. 1927)
- 1878–Jack Johnson,American boxer (d. 1946)
- 1884–Adriaan van Maanen,Dutch-American astronomer and academic (d. 1946)
- 1885–Pascin,Bulgarian-American painter and illustrator (d. 1930)
- 1890–Ben Adams,American jumper (d. 1961)
- 1890 –William Lawrence Bragg,Australian-English physicist and academic,Nobel Prizelaureate (d. 1971)
- 1891–Victor Varconi,Hungarian-American actor and director (d. 1976)
- 1893–Clemens Krauss,Austrian conductor and manager (d. 1954)
- 1893 –Herbert Meinhard Mühlpfordt,German physician and historian (d. 1982)
- 1895–Vardis Fisher,American author and academic (d. 1968)
- 1900–Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester(d. 1974)
1901–present[edit]
- 1905–Robert Stevenson,English director and screenwriter (d. 1986)
- 1905 –George Treweek,Australian rugby league player (d. 1991)
- 1906–Sin-Itiro Tomonaga,Japanese physicist and academic,Nobel Prizelaureate (d. 1979)
- 1908–Red Norvo,American vibraphone player and composer (d. 1999)
- 1911–Freddie Green,American guitarist (d. 1987)
- 1911 –Elisabeth Grümmer,German soprano (d. 1986)
- 1912–William Lederer,American soldier and author (d. 2009)
- 1913–Etta Baker,African-American singer and guitarist (d. 2006)[27]
- 1914–Octavio Paz,Mexican poet and diplomat,Nobel Prizelaureate (d. 1998)
- 1914 –Dagmar Lange,Swedish author (d. 1991)
- 1915–Albert Hourani,English historian and author (d. 1993)
- 1915 –Shoichi Yokoi,Japanese sergeant (d. 1997)
- 1916–Lucille Bliss,American voice actress (d. 2012)
- 1916 –Tommy Bolt,American golfer (d. 2008)
- 1916 –John H. Wood, Jr.,American lawyer and judge (d. 1979)
- 1917–Dorothy DeLay,American violinist and educator (d. 2002)
- 1918–Ted Post,American director (d. 2013)
- 1919–Frank Akins,American football player (d. 1993)
- 1920–Deborah Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire,British aristocrat, socialite and author (d. 2014)
- 1921–Lowell Fulson,African-American blues singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1999)
- 1921 –Peggy Rea,American actress and casting director (d. 2011)
- 1921 –John Ugelstad,Norwegian chemical engineer and inventor (d. 1997)[28]
- 1922–Richard Kiley,American actor and singer (d. 1999)
- 1922 –Patrick Magee,Irish actor (d. 1982)
- 1923–Don Barksdale,American basketball player (d. 1993)[29]
- 1923 –François Sermon,Belgian footballer (d. 2013)
- 1924–Leo Buscaglia,American author and academic (d. 1998)
- 1924 –Charles Guggenheim,American director and producer (d. 2002)
- 1925–Jean Coutu,Canadian actor and director (d. 1999)
- 1926–John Fowles,English novelist (d. 2005)
- 1926 –Beni Montresor,Italian director, set designer, author, and illustrator (d. 2001)
- 1926 –Rocco Petrone,American colonel and engineer (d. 2006)
- 1927–Cesar Chavez,American labor union leader and activist (d. 1993)
- 1927 –William Daniels,American actor
- 1927 –Eduardo Martínez Somalo,Spanish cardinal (d. 2021)
- 1927 –Vladimir Ilyushin,Russian pilot (d. 2010)
- 1927 –Elmer Diedtrich,American businessman and politician (d. 2013)
- 1927 –Bud MacPherson,Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1988)
- 1928–Lefty Frizzell,American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1975)
- 1928 –Gordie Howe,Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2016)
- 1929–Liz Claiborne,Belgian-American fashion designer, foundedLiz Claiborne Inc.(d. 2007)
- 1929 –Bert Fields,American lawyer and author (d. 2022)
- 1930–Yehuda Nir,Polish-American psychiatrist (d. 2014)
- 1930 –Jim Mutscheller,American football player and coach (d. 2015)
- 1931–Miller Barber,American golfer (d. 2013)
- 1931 –Tamara Tyshkevich,Belarusian shot putter (d. 1997)
- 1932–John Jakes,American author (d. 2023)
- 1932 –Nagisa Oshima,Japanese director and screenwriter (d. 2013)
- 1933–Anita Carter,American singer-songwriter and bassist (d. 1999)
- 1933 –Nichita Stănescu,Romanian poet (d. 1983)
- 1934–Richard Chamberlain,American actor
- 1934 –Shirley Jones,American actress and singer
- 1934 –John D. Loudermilk,American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2016)
- 1934 –Grigory Nelyubov,Soviet pilot and cosmonaut (d. 1966)[30]
- 1934 –Carlo Rubbia,Italian physicist and academic,Nobel Prizelaureate
- 1934 –Kamala Surayya,Indian poet and author (d. 2009)
- 1935–Herb Alpert,American singer-songwriter, trumpet player, and producer
- 1935 –Judith Rossner,American author (d. 2005)
- 1936–Marge Piercy,American poet and novelist
- 1936 –Walter E. Williams,American economist and academic (d. 2020)
- 1938–Patrick Bateson,English biologist and academic (d. 2017)
- 1938 –Sheila Dikshit,Indian politician, 22ndGovernor of Kerala(d. 2019)
- 1938 –Antje Gleichfeld,German runner
- 1938 –Bill Hicke,Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (d. 2005)
- 1938 –Jimmy Johnson,American football player[31](d. 2024)[32]
- 1938 –Tõnno Lepmets,Estonian basketball player (d. 2005)
- 1938 –Arthur B. Rubinstein,American pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 2018)
- 1938 –David Steel,Scottish academic and politician
- 1939–Zviad Gamsakhurdia,Georgian anthropologist and politician, 1stPresident of Georgia(d. 1993)
- 1939 –Israel Horovitz,American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2020)
- 1939 –Walker David Miller,American lawyer and judge (d. 2013)
- 1939 –Volker Schlöndorff,German director and producer
- 1939 –Karl-Heinz Schnellinger,German footballer (d. 2024)
- 1940–Brian Ackland-Snow,English production designer and art director (d. 2013)
- 1940 –Barney Frank,American lawyer and politician
- 1940 –Patrick Leahy,American lawyer and politician
- 1941–Franco Bonvicini,Italian author and illustrator (d. 1995)
- 1941 –Faith Leech,Australian swimmer (d. 2013)[33]
- 1942–Ulla Hoffmann,Swedish politician
- 1942 –Hugh McCracken,American guitarist and producer (d. 2013)
- 1942 –Michael Savage,American far-right radio host and author
- 1943–Roy Andersson,Swedish director and screenwriter
- 1943 –Deirdre Clancy,English costume designer
- 1943 –Christopher Walken,American actor
- 1944–Pascal Danel,French singer-songwriter
- 1944 –Angus King,American politician
- 1944 –Mick Ralphs,English singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1945–Edwin Catmull,American computer scientist and engineer
- 1945 –Gabe Kaplan,American actor and comedian
- 1945 –Myfanwy Talog,Welsh actress (d. 1995)
- 1946–Gonzalo Márquez,Venezuelan baseball player (d. 1984)
- 1946 –Bob Russell,English politician
- 1947–Augustin Banyaga,Rwandan-American mathematician and academic
- 1947 –Wendy Overton,American tennis player
- 1947 –Kristian Blak,Danish-Faroese pianist, composer, and producer
- 1947 –Don Foster,English academic and politician
- 1947 –César Gaviria,Colombian economist and politician, 36thPresident of Colombia
- 1947 –Eliyahu M. Goldratt,Israeli physicist and economist (d. 2011)
- 1948–Gary Doer,Canadian politician and diplomat, 20thPremier of Manitoba
- 1948 –Al Gore,American soldier and politician, 45thVice President of the United StatesandNobel Prizelaureate
- 1948 –Rhea Perlman,American actress
- 1948 –Gustaaf Van Cauter,Belgian cyclist
- 1949–Gilles Gilbert,Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2023)
- 1950–András Adorján,Hungarian chess player and author (d. 2023)
- 1950 –Ed Marinaro,American football player and actor
- 1950 –Sandra Morgen,American anthropologist and academic (d. 2016)[34]
- 1953–Dennis Kamakahi,American guitarist and composer (d. 2014)
- 1955–Svetozar Marović,President of Serbia and Montenegro
- 1955 –Angus Young,Scottish-Australian guitarist and songwriter
- 1957–Alan Duncan,English businessman and politician, formerShadow Leader of the House of Commons
- 1959–Markus Hediger,Swiss poet and translator
- 1961–Ron Brown,American sprinter and football player
- 1961 –Howard Gordon,American screenwriter and producer
- 1962–Olli Rehn,Finnish footballer and politician
- 1962 –Georgios Stefanopoulos,Greek boxer[35]
- 1963–Paul Mercurio,Australian actor and dancer
- 1964–Mark Hoban,English accountant and politician
- 1965–Tom Barrasso,American ice hockey player and coach
- 1965 –Patty Fendick,American tennis player and coach
- 1965 –Jean-Christophe Lafaille,French mountaineer (d. 2006)
- 1965 –William McNamara,American actor and producer
- 1965 –Steven T. Seagle,American author and screenwriter
- 1966–Roger Black,English runner and journalist
- 1966 –Nick Firestone,American race car driver
- 1968–César Sampaio,Brazilian footballer
- 1969–Nyamko Sabuni,Burundian-Swedish politician
- 1969 –Steve Smith,American basketball player and sportscaster
- 1970–Alenka Bratušek,Slovenian politician, 7thPrime Minister of Slovenia
- 1970 –Linn Skåber,Norwegian actress and writer[36]
- 1971–Demetris Assiotis,Cypriot footballer
- 1971 –Martin Atkinson,English footballer and referee
- 1971 –Pavel Bure,Russian ice hockey player
- 1971 –Craig McCracken,American animator, producer, and screenwriter
- 1971 –Ewan McGregor,Scottish actor
- 1972–Alejandro Amenábar,Chilean-Spanish director and screenwriter
- 1972 –Andrew Bowen,American actor, producer, and screenwriter
- 1972 –Luca Gentili,Italian footballer and coach
- 1972 –Hristos Polihroniou,Greek hammer thrower[37]
- 1972 –Evan Williams,American businessman, co-foundedTwitterandPyra Labs
- 1973–Christopher Hampson,English ballet dancer and choreographer
- 1974–Benjamin Eicher,German director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1974 –Natali,Russian singer, composer and songwriter[38]
- 1974 –Stefan Olsdal,Swedish bass player
- 1974 –Jani Sievinen,Finnish swimmer
- 1975–Makis Dreliozis,Greek basketball player[39]
- 1975 –Adam Green,American director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1975 –Nathan Grey,Australian rugby player and coach
- 1975 –Cameron Murray,Scottish rugby player[40]
- 1975 –Ryan Rupe,American baseball player
- 1976–Howard Frier,American basketball player
- 1976 –Igors Sļesarčuks,Latvian-Russian footballer
- 1976 –Graeme Smith,Scottish swimmer
- 1977–Toshiya,Japanese bass player, songwriter, and producer
- 1977 –Garth Tander,Australian race car driver
- 1978–Michael Clark,Australian cricketer and footballer
- 1978 –Stephen Clemence,English footballer and manager[41]
- 1978 –Jarrod Cooper,American football player
- 1978 –Jérôme Rothen,French footballer
- 1979–Omri Afek,Israeli footballer
- 1979 –Euan Burton,Scottish martial artist and coach[42]
- 1979 –Alexis Ferrero,Argentinian footballer
- 1979 –Charlie Manning,American baseball player
- 1979 –Jonna Mendes,American skier[43]
- 1979 –Rhys Wesser,Australian rugby league player
- 1980–Martin Albrechtsen,Danish footballer
- 1980 –Karolina Lassbo,Swedish lawyer and blogger
- 1980 –Matias Concha,Swedish footballer
- 1980 –Kate Micucci,American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress
- 1980 –Michael Ryder,Canadian ice hockey player
- 1980 –Maaya Sakamoto,Japanese actress, voice actress and singer
- 1981–Ryan Bingham,American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1981 –Thomas Chatelle,Belgian footballer
- 1981 –Han Tae-you,South Korean footballer
- 1981 –Pa Dembo Touray,Gambian footballer
- 1981 –Maarten van der Weijden,Dutch swimmer
- 1982–Tal Ben Haim,Israeli footballer
- 1982 –Bam Childress,American football player
- 1982 –Brian Tyree Henry,American actor[44]
- 1982 –Audrey Kawasaki,American painter
- 1982 –Chien-Ming Wang,Taiwanese baseball player[45]
- 1983–Hashim Amla,South African cricketer
- 1983 –Ashleigh Ball,Canadian voice actress and musician
- 1983 –Sophie Hunger,Swiss-German musician
- 1983 –Vlasios Maras,Greek gymnast
- 1983 –Nigel Plum,Australian rugby league player
- 1984–David Clarkson,Canadian ice hockey player
- 1984 –Eddie Johnson,American soccer player[46]
- 1984 –James Jones,American football player
- 1984 –Martins Dukurs,Latvian sled racer
- 1984 –Kaie Kand,Estonian heptathlete
- 1984 –Alberto Junior Rodríguez,Peruvian footballer
- 1984 –Ed Williamson,English rugby player[47]
- 1985–Steve Bernier,Canadian ice hockey player
- 1985 –Jo-Lonn Dunbar,American football player
- 1985 –Jesper Hansen,Danish footballer
- 1985 –Ivan Mishyn,Ukrainian race car driver
- 1985 –Kory Sheets,American football player
- 1985 –Jalmar Sjöberg,Swedish wrestler
- 1986–Andreas Dober,Austrian footballer
- 1986 –James King,Scottish rugby player
- 1986 –Paulo Machado,Portuguese footballer
- 1987–Nordin Amrabat,Dutch footballer
- 1987 –Hugo Ayala,Mexican footballer
- 1987 –Amaury Bischoff,Portuguese footballer
- 1987 –Humpy Koneru,Indian chess player
- 1987 –Kirill Starkov,Danish ice hockey player
- 1987 –Nelli Zhiganshina,Russian figure skater
- 1988–Thomas De Corte,Belgian footballer
- 1988 –Conrad Sewell,Australian singer and songwriter
- 1988 –Dorin Dickerson,American football player
- 1988 –DeAndre Liggins,American basketball player[48]
- 1988 –Louis van der Westhuizen,Namibian cricketer
- 1989–Alberto Martín Romo García Adámez,Spanish footballer
- 1989 –Nejc Vidmar,Slovenian footballer
- 1989 –Liu Zige,Chinese swimmer[49]
- 1990–George Iloka,American football player[50]
- 1990 –Lyra McKee,Irish journalist (d. 2019)[51]
- 1990 –Sandra Roma,Swedish tennis player[52]
- 1991–Milan Milanović,Serbian footballer
- 1991 –Rodney Sneijder,Dutch footballer
- 1992–Stijn de Looijer,Dutch footballer
- 1992 –Adam Zampa,Australian cricketer
- 1993–Mikael Ishak,Swedish footballer
- 1994–Samira Asghari,Afghan member of the International Olympic Committee[53]
- 1994 –Tyler Wright,Australian surfer
- 1994 –Mads Würtz Schmidt,Danish road cyclist[54]
- 1995–Fiona Brown,footballer[55]
- 1996–Liza Koshy,American actress, comedian, and television host[56]
- 1998–Jakob Chychrun,American-born Canadian ice hockey player
- 1999–Japhet Tanganga,English footballer[57]
- 1999 –Brooke Scullion,Irish Singer[58]
- 1999 –Jens Odgaard,Danish professional footballer[59]
- 1999 –Denys Strekalin,Ukrainian-bornpair skater[60]
- 1999 –Adam Chrzanowski,Polish professional footballer[61]
- 1999 –Santiago Chocobares,Argentine rugby union player[62]
- 1999 –Ballou Tabla,Canadian professional soccer player[63]
- 1999 –Elžbieta Kropa,Lithuanianfigure skater[64]
- 1999 –Edon Zhegrova,German born professional footballer[65]
- 1999 –Shiann Salmon,Jamaican track and field athlete[66]
- 1999 –Ben Williams,Welsh professional footballer[67]
- 1999 –Luca Pizzul,Italian professional footballer[68]
- 1999 –Sander Raieste,Estonian professional basketball player[69]
- 1999 –Jonas Røndbjerg,Danish ice hockey player[70]
- 1999 –Adele Tan,Singaporeansports shooter[71]
- 1999 –Nuno Pina,Portuguese football player[72]
- 1999 –Tereza Jančová,Slovakian skier[73]
- 1999 –Maren Lutz,German femalecanoeist[74]
- 1999 –Shehana Vithana,Sri Lankan-Australian professional squash player[75]
- 1999 –Providence Cowdrill,English cricketer[76]
- 1999 –Ricardo Felipe,Brazilian footballer[77]
- 1999 –Dimitris Dalakouras,Greek professional footballer[78]
- 2004–Samson Baidoo,Austrian professional footballer[79]
- 2004 –Mateo Sanabria,Argentine professional footballer[80]
- 2004 –Alex Luna,Argentine professional footballer[81]
- 2005–Reed Baker-Whiting,American professional footballer[82]
Deaths[edit]
Pre-1600[edit]
- 32 BC–Titus Pomponius Atticus,Roman nobleman of theEquestrian order(b. 109 BC)
- 528–Xiaoming,emperor of Northern Wei (b. 510)
- 963–Abu Ja'far Ahmad ibn Muhammad,Saffarid emir (b. 906)
- 1241–Pousa,voivode of Transylvania
- 1251–William of Modena,Italian bishop and diplomat
- 1340–Ivan I of Moscow,Russian Grand Duke (b. 1288)
- 1342–Dionigi di Borgo San Sepolcro,ItalianAugustinianfriar
- 1462–Isidore II of Constantinople,patriarch of Constantinople
- 1491–Bonaventura Tornielli,Italian Roman Catholic priest (b. 1411)
- 1547–Francis I,French king (b. 1494)[83]
- 1567–Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse(b. 1504)
1601–1900[edit]
- 1621–Philip III,Spanish king (b. 1578)
- 1622–Gonzalo Méndez de Canço,Royal Governor of La Florida (b. 1554)
- 1631–John Donne,English lawyer and poet (b. 1572)
- 1671–Anne Hyde,wife ofJames II of England(b. 1637)
- 1723–Edward Hyde, 3rd Earl of Clarendon,English soldier and politician, 14thColonial Governor of New York(b. 1661)
- 1741–Pieter Burman the Elder,Dutch scholar and author (b. 1668)
- 1751–Frederick, Prince of Wales,Hanoverian-born heir to the British throne (b. 1707)[citation needed]
- 1797–Olaudah Equiano,Nigerian merchant, author, and activist (b. 1745)
- 1837–John Constable,English painter and educator (b. 1776)
- 1850–John C. Calhoun,American lawyer and politician, 7thVice President of the United States(b. 1782)
- 1855–Charlotte Brontë,English novelist and poet (b. 1816)
- 1877–Antoine Augustin Cournot,French mathematician and philosopher (b. 1801)
- 1880–Henryk Wieniawski,Polish violinist and composer (b. 1835)
- 1885–Franz Abt,German composer and conductor (b. 1819)
1901–present[edit]
- 1907–Galusha A. Grow,American lawyer and politician, 28thSpeaker of the United States House of Representatives(b. 1823)
- 1910–Jean Moréas,Greek poet, essayist and art critic (b. 1856)
- 1913–J. P. Morgan,American banker and financier (b. 1837)
- 1915–Wyndham Halswelle,English-Scottish runner and captain (b. 1882)
- 1917–Emil von Behring,German physiologist and immunologist,Nobel Prizelaureate (b. 1854)
- 1920–Abdul Hamid Madarshahi,Bengali Islamic scholar and author (b. 1869)[84]
- 1924–George Charles Haité,English painter and illustrator (b. 1855)
- 1927–Kang Youwei,Chinese scholar and political reformer (b. 1858)
- 1930–Ludwig Schüler,German politician,Mayor of Marburg(b. 1836)
- 1931–Knute Rockne,American football player and coach (b. 1888)
- 1935–Georges V. Matchabelli,Georgian-American businessman and diplomat, foundedPrince Matchabelli perfume(b. 1885)
- 1939–Ioannis Tsangaridis,Greek general (b. 1887)
- 1944–Mineichi Koga,Japanese admiral (b. 1885)
- 1945–Frank Findlay,New Zealand banker and politician (b. 1884)
- 1945 –Hans Fischer,German chemist and academic,Nobel Prizelaureate (b. 1881)
- 1950–Robert Natus,Estonian architect (b. 1890)
- 1952–Wallace H. White, Jr.,American lawyer and politician (b. 1877)
- 1956–Ralph DePalma,Italian-American race car driver and actor (b. 1884)
- 1956 –Nellah Massey Bailey,American politician and librarian (b. 1893)[85]
- 1961–Pyrros Spyromilios,officer of the Greek Navy and director of the Greek Radio Orchestra (b. 1913)[86]
- 1968–Grover Lowdermilk,American baseball player (b. 1885)
- 1970–Semyon Timoshenko,Soviet Commander during theWinter Warand theEastern Frontof World War II (b. 1894)
- 1975–Percy Alliss,English golfer (b. 1897)
- 1976–Paul Strand,American photographer and director (b. 1890)
- 1978–Astrid Allwyn,American actress (b. 1905)[87]
- 1978 –Charles Best,American-Canadian physiologist and biochemist, co-discoveredInsulin(b. 1899)
- 1980–Vladimír Holan,Czech poet and author (b. 1905)
- 1980 –Jesse Owens,American sprinter and long jumper (b. 1913)[88]
- 1981–Enid Bagnold,English author and playwright (b. 1889)
- 1983–Christina Stead,Australian author and academic (b. 1902)
- 1986–Jerry Paris,American actor and director (b. 1925)
- 1988–William McMahon,Australian lawyer and politician, 20thPrime Minister of Australia(b. 1908)
- 1991–Theofylaktos Papakonstantinou,Greek columnist, political and social analyst and historian (b. 1905)[89]
- 1993–Brandon Lee,American actor and martial artist (b. 1965)
- 1993 –Mitchell Parish,Lithuanian-American songwriter (b. 1900)
- 1995–Selena,American singer-songwriter (b. 1971)
- 1996–Dante Giacosa,Italian automobile designer and engineer (b. 1905)
- 1996 –Jeffrey Lee Pierce,American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1958)
- 1998–Bella Abzug,American lawyer, activist, and politician (b. 1920)
- 1998 –Tim Flock,American race car driver (b. 1924)
- 1998 –Joel Ryce-Menuhin,American pianist (b. 1933)
- 1999–Yuri Knorozov,Russian linguist and ethnographer (b. 1922)
- 2000–Gisèle Freund,German-born French photographer and photojournalist (b. 1908)[90]
- 2000 –Adrian Fisher,Englishguitaristand member of the band Toby (b. 1952)[91]
- 2001–David Rocastle,English footballer (b. 1967)
- 2001 –Clifford Shull,American physicist and academic,Nobel Prizelaureate (b. 1915)[92]
- 2002–Barry Took,English comedian, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1928)
- 2002 –Moturu Udayam,Indian activist and politician (b. 1924)
- 2002 –Carlos J. Gradin,Argentine Archaeologist (b. 1913)[93][94]
- 2003–Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter,English-Canadian mathematician and academic (b. 1907)
- 2003 –Anne Gwynne,American actress (b. 1918)[95]
- 2003 –Tommy Seebach,Danish singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (b. 1949)
- 2004–Scott Helvenston,American soldier (b. 1965)
- 2005–Stanley J. Korsmeyer,American oncologist and academic (b. 1951)
- 2005 –Justiniano Montano,Filipino lawyer and politician (b. 1905)
- 2005 –Frank Perdue,American businessman (b. 1920)
- 2006–Jackie McLean,American saxophonist and composer (b. 1931)
- 2007–Paul Watzlawick,Austrian-American psychologist and philosopher (b. 1921)
- 2008–Jules Dassin,American director, producer, screenwriter, and actor (b. 1911)
- 2008 –Bill Keightley,American equipment manager (b. 1926)
- 2009–Raúl Alfonsín,Argentinian lawyer and politician, 46thPresident of Argentina(b. 1927)[96]
- 2009 –Choor Singh,Indian-Singaporean lawyer and judge (b. 1911)
- 2010–Jerald terHorst,American journalist (b. 1922)[97]
- 2010 –Roger Addison,Welshrugby unionplayer (b. 1945)
- 2011–Gil Clancy,American boxer and trainer (b. 1922)
- 2011 –Alan Fitzgerald,Australian journalist and author (b. 1935)
- 2011 –Mary Greyeyes,the firstFirst Nationswoman to join theCanadian Armed Forces(b. 1920)[98]
- 2011 –Oddvar Hansen,Norwegian footballer and coach (b. 1921)
- 2011 –Ishbel MacAskill,Scottish singer and actress (b. 1941)
- 2011 –Henry Taub,American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1927)
- 2012–Judith Adams,New Zealand-Australian nurse and politician (b. 1943)
- 2012 –Dale R. Corson,American physicist and academic (b. 1914)
- 2012 –Bernard O. Gruenke,Americanstained glassartist (b. 1914)
- 2012 –Jerry Lynch,American baseball player (b. 1930)
- 2012 –Alberto Sughi,Italian painter (b. 1928)
- 2012 –Halbert White,American economist and academic (b. 1950)[99]
- 2013–Charles Amarin Brand,French archbishop (b. 1920)
- 2013 –Ernie Bridge,Australian singer and politician (b. 1936)
- 2013 –Bob Clarke,American illustrator (b. 1926)
- 2013 –Ahmad Sayyed Javadi,Iranian lawyer and politician,Iranian Minister of Interior(b. 1917)
- 2013 –Dmitri Uchaykin,Russian ice hockey player (b. 1980)
- 2014–Gonzalo Anes,Spanish economist, historian, and academic (b. 1931)
- 2014 –Roger Somville,Belgian painter (b. 1923)
- 2015–Betty Churcher,Australian painter, historian, and curator (b. 1931)
- 2015 –Cocoa Fujiwara,Japanese author and illustrator (b. 1983)
- 2015 –Carlos Gaviria Díaz,Colombian lawyer and politician (b. 1937)
- 2015 –Dalibor Vesely,Czech-English historian, author, and academic (b. 1934)
- 2016–Ronnie Corbett,Scottish comedian, actor and screenwriter (b. 1930)
- 2016 –Hans-Dietrich Genscher,German politician (b. 1927)
- 2016 –Zaha Hadid,Iraqi-born English architect and academic, designed theBridge Pavilion(b. 1950)[100]
- 2016 –Imre Kertész,Hungarian author,Nobel Prizelaureate (b. 1929)
- 2016 –Denise Robertson,British writer and television broadcaster (b. 1932)
- 2017–Gilbert Baker,American artist and LGBT rights activist (b. 1951)
- 2017 –James Rosenquist,American artist (b. 1933)
- 2018–Nick Newton,inventor of the Newton Starting Blocks (b. 1933)[101]
- 2019–Nipsey Hussle,American rapper (b. 1985)[102]
- 2020–Gita Ramjee,Ugandan-South African scientist and researcher (b. 1956)[103]
- 2021–Ken Reitz,American baseball player (b. 1951)[104]
- 2021 –Muhammad Wakkas,Bangladeshi teacher and parliamentarian (b. 1952)[105]
- 2022–Shirley Burkovich,former American All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL) player (b. 1933)
- 2022 –Patrick Demarchelier,French fashion photographer (b. 1943)[106]
- 2022 –Moana Jackson,New Zealand lawyer specialising in constitutional law (b. 1945)[107]
- 2024–Barbara Rush,American actress (b. 1927)[108]
Holidays and observances[edit]
- Cesar Chavez Day(United States)
- Christianfeast day
- Freedom Day (Malta)
- International Transgender Day of Visibility
- King Nangklao Memorial Day(Thailand)
- Thomas Mundy Peterson Day(New Jersey,United States)
- Transfer Day(US Virgin Islands)
- World Backup Day
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External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toMarch 31.