1110
Appearance
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This articlerelies largely or entirely on asingle source.(March 2019) |
Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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1110 by topic |
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Birth and death categories |
Births–Deaths |
Establishments and disestablishments categories |
Establishments–Disestablishments |
Art and literature |
1110 in poetry |
Year1110(MCX) was acommon year starting on Saturday(link will display the full calendar) of theJulian calendar.
Events
[edit]By date
[edit]- May 5:Lunar eclipse,in which the moon becomes totally dark (according to thePeterborough Chronicle), due to an earlier volcanic eruption putting aerosols into the upper atmosphere of the earth, thus cutting off theearthlight.[1]
By place
[edit]Asia
[edit]Levant
[edit]- Spring –Mawdud ibn Altuntash,Turkic ruler (atabeg) ofMosul,leads an expedition to capture the territories of the Crusaders (belonging to theCounty of Edessa) east of the riverEuphrates.He besieges the fortress city ofEdessa,but is forced to retreat when KingBaldwin I of Jerusalem(with the support of Armenian forces sent byKogh Vasil) intervenes with a Crusader relief force.[2]
- February–May– Crusaders under Baldwin Ibesiege Beirut.GenoeseandPisanships blockade the harbour;Fatimidships fromTyreandSidontry in vain to break the blockade. The Fatimid governor flees by night through the Italian fleet toCyprus.OnMay 13,Baldwin captures the city by assault and the Italians carry out a massacre among the inhabitants.[3]
- October–December– Crusaders under Baldwin I (supported by KingSigurd I) besiege Sidon. Norwegian ships blockade the harbour, but are nearly dispersed by a powerful Fatimid flotilla from Tyre. They are saved by the arrival of aVenetiansquadron under DogeOrdelafo Faliero.OnDecember 4,the city capitulates (under notable terms) to Baldwin.[4]
- December–Tancred,Italo-Norman prince ofGalilee,brings the Crusader castleKrak des ChevaliersinSyriaunder his control. He remainsregentof thePrincipality of Antiochin the name of his cousinBohemond II.
Europe
[edit]- Henry V, King of Germany,invadesItalywith a large army and concludes an agreement withPope Paschal IIatSutri.Henry renounces the right of investiture (a dispute with the formerHenry IV). In return, Paschal promises to crown him emperor and to restore to theHoly Roman Empireall the lands given to the German church (since the time ofCharlemagne).[5]
- July 25– Henry V marries 8-year-oldMatilda(daughter of KingHenry I of England). She is crownedQueen of the Romansin a ceremony atMainz.After the betrothal Matilda is placed into custody ofBruno,archbishop ofTrier,who is tasked with educating her in German culture, manners and government.[6]
- The dukedom ofBohemiais secured forVladislaus Ifollowing the death ofSvatopluk( "the Lion" ) who is assassinated. Vladislaus receives support from Henry V and will rule until1125.
- Almoravidforces under SultanAli ibn YusufoccupyZaragoza(modernSpain), bringing all ofAndalusia's Muslim states under Almoravid control.
England
[edit]- King Henry I has improvements made atWindsor Castle,including achapel,so that he can use the castle as his formal residence.
By topic
[edit]Literature
[edit]- TheRus'Primary Chronicleis completed. The work is considered to be a fundamental source in the history of theEast Slavs.[7]
- Approximate date of composition ofJayamkondar'sKalingattuparani,aTamilepic celebrating the victory ofKulottunga Chola Iover the Kalinga kingAnantavarman Chodagangain theChola invasion of Kalingathat takes place around this year.
Religion
[edit]- Construction begins onFontevraud Abbeyin the French duchy ofAnjou.
Births
[edit]- Aelred of Rievaulx,EnglishCistercianmonk andabbot(d.1167)
- Abraham ben Isaac of Narbonne,Jewishrabbiand writer (approximate date)
- Abraham ibn Daud,Jewish astronomer and historian (d.1180)
- Walter fitz Alan,Scottish High Steward (approximate date)
- Clarembald of Arras,French theologian and writer (d.1187)
- Diarmait Mac Murchada,Irish king ofLeinster(d.1171)
- Düsum Khyenpa,Tibetan spiritual leader (karmapa) (d.1193)
- Odo of Deuil(or Eudes), French abbot and historian (d.1162)
- Gertrude of Sulzbach,German queen (approximate date)
- Gilbert Foliot,English abbot and bishop (approximate date)
- Hodierna of Jerusalem,countess ofTripoli(approximate date)
- Iorwerth Goch ap Maredudd,Welsh prince (approximate date)
- John Tzetzes,Byzantinegrammarian(approximate date)
- Kirik the Novgorodian,Russian monk and chronicler (d.1156)
- Lhachen Naglug,Indian ruler ofLadakh(approximate date)
- Liu Wansu,Chinese physician of theJin dynasty(d.1200)
- Odo de St Amand(or Eudes), FrenchGrand Master of the Knights Templar(d.1179)
- Phagmo Drupa Dorje Gyalpo,TibetanBuddhistmonk (d.1170)
- Reginald de Dunstanville,1stEarl of Cornwall(d.1175)
- Robert of Torigni,Norman monk and abbot (d.1186)
- Rohese de Vere,countess ofEssex(approximate date)
- Rostislav I,Grand Prince ofKiev(approximate date)
- Vladislaus II(or Vladislav), king ofBohemia(d.1174)
- William III( "the Child" ), count ofBurgundy(d.1127)
Deaths
[edit]- July 10–Elias I, Count of Maine(de Baugency), Frenchnobleman
- November 12–Gebhard III,bishop ofConstance
- Lhachen Utpala,Indian king of Ladakh (b.1080)
- Li Jie,Chinese writer of theSong dynasty(b.1065)
- Richard of Hauteville,Italo-Norman nobleman
- Robert Scalioof Hauteville, Italo-Norman nobleman
- Thiofrid,Benedictineabbot ofEchternach
- Vijayabahu I,Sri Lankan king ofPolonnaruwa
- William Bona Anima,archbishop ofRouen
References
[edit]- ^Sébastien Guillet; et al. (April 21, 2020)."Climatic and societal impacts of a" forgotten "cluster of volcanic eruptions in 1108-1110 CE".Scientific Reports.10(1): 6715.doi:10.1038/s41598-020-63339-3.PMC7174372.PMID32317759.
- ^Steven Runciman(1952).A History of the Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem,p. 93.ISBN978-0-241-29876-3.
- ^Steven Runciman (1952).A History of the Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem,p. 74.ISBN978-0-241-29876-3.
- ^Steven Runciman (1952).A History of the Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem,pp. 74–75.ISBN978-0-241-29876-3.
- ^Comyn, Robert (1851).History of the Western Empire, from its Restoration by Charlemagne to the Accession of Charles V.Vol I.
- ^Chibnall, Marjorie (1991).Matilda of England (1102–1167), Empress, Consort of Henry V.Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, retrieved 22 December 2013.
- ^Struk, Danylo Husar (1993).Encyclopedia of Ukraine: Volume IV: Ph-Sr.University of Toronto Press. p. 522.ISBN9781442651265.