1305
(Redirected fromAD 1305)
 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification.(July 2018) |
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1305 by topic |
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| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births–Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments–Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1305 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1305 MCCCV |
| Ab urbe condita | 2058 |
| Armenian calendar | 754 ԹՎ ՉԾԴ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6055 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1226–1227 |
| Bengali calendar | 712 |
| Berber calendar | 2255 |
| English Regnal year | 33Edw. 1– 34Edw. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1849 |
| Burmese calendar | 667 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6813–6814 |
| Chinese calendar | Giáp thầnNiên (WoodDragon) 4002 or 3795 — to — Ất tị niên (WoodSnake) 4003 or 3796 |
| Coptic calendar | 1021–1022 |
| Discordian calendar | 2471 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1297–1298 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5065–5066 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| -Vikram Samvat | 1361–1362 |
| -Shaka Samvat | 1226–1227 |
| -Kali Yuga | 4405–4406 |
| Holocene calendar | 11305 |
| Igbo calendar | 305–306 |
| Iranian calendar | 683–684 |
| Islamic calendar | 704–705 |
| Japanese calendar | Kagen3 ( gia nguyên ３ niên ) |
| Javanese calendar | 1216–1217 |
| Julian calendar | 1305 MCCCV |
| Korean calendar | 3638 |
| Minguo calendar | 607 beforeROC Dân tiền 607 niên |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −163 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1847–1848 |
| Tibetan calendar | Dương mộc long niên (male Wood-Dragon) 1431 or 1050 or 278 — to — Âm mộc xà niên (female Wood-Snake) 1432 or 1051 or 279 |
Year1305(MCCCV) was acommon year starting on Friday(link will display the full calendar) of theJulian calendar.
Events
[edit]January – March
[edit]- January 12– The marriage of Bastam, the 8-year-old son (and eldest child) of the Ikhanate ruler of Iran,Oljaitu Khan,toUljay Qutlugh Khatun,the 7-year-old daughter and the only surviving child of the previous Ikhanate, the lateGhazan Khan,takes place inTabriz.The betrothal of the two children had been arranged by Ghazan and Öljaitü on September 17, 1303.
- January 16–William de Hamiltonis formally invested asLord Chancellor,the highest-ranking elected official at the time inEngland.
- January 23–Henry II Kőszegi,theBan of Slavonia,completes his conquest of Croatian territory inPožegaandValkó,and issues a charter of annexation from his encampment at Valkószentgyörgy.
- February 26– In Spain, KingJames II of Aragonand KingFerdinand IV of Castilehave a summit at theMonastery of Santa María de HuertainCastile.Attending also from Castile are Ferdinand's uncle,Prince John;Juan Núñez II de Laraof theHouse of Lara;Ferdinand's cousinJuan Manuel;andPrince Afonso of Portugal.[1]
- February 28– The 52nd English Parliament assembles.
- March 19–Amir Chupan,the Duke of Yi, is betrothed to Dowlandi Khatun, the daughter ofÖljaitü.
- March 20– King Edward dissolves the 52nd Parliament.
- March 25–Juan Manuelof Castile is made Lord of Alarcón.
April – June
[edit]- April 30– Byzantine EmperorMichael IX PalaiologosinvitesRoger de Flor,Italian nobleman and adventurer, toAdrianopleand has him assassinated there. Along with de Flor, 300 horsemen and some 1,000 foot soldiers who accompanied him are killed. The plan is executed by Alan mercenaries, who at that time are enlisted in the Byzantine army. The murder of the commander of theCatalan Companydoes not have the expected results. Not only is the Company not disbanded, but its attacks on Byzantine territory becomes more severe. The period of destruction inMacedoniaandThraceafter the murder of de Flor becomes known as the "Catalan Revenge".[2]
- May 19– In Spain, theTreaty of Elcheis signed between KingJames II of Aragonand KingFerdinand IV of Castileto revise the borders set out nine months earlier in theTreaty of Torrellas.[1]
- June 5–Pope Clement V,formerly theArchbishop of Bordeaux,succeedsPope Benedict XIas the 195th pontiff of theCatholic Church.He will reign until1314.
- June 20–Öljaitü,the new Mongol Ikhanate, marries Qutlughshah Khatun, daughter of the Kerait EmirIrinjin.
- June 21– At 14 years old,Wenceslaus IIIbecomes ruler ofHungary,Bohemia,andPolandupon the death at age 33 of his father,King Wenceslaus II.
- June 27– In recognition of the marriage of his daughter toÖljaitüthe Mongol Ikhanate, MongolIrinjinis appointed Viceroy ofAnatolia.[3]
July – September
[edit]- July 10–Battle of Apros:Byzantine forces (some 6,000 men) under Michael IX Palaiologos, consisting of a large contingent of Alans andTurcopoles(Christianized Turks), attack the Catalan Company nearApros.[4]Michael orders a general cavalry charge, but the Turcopoles deserten blocto the Catalans. During the battle, the Byzantines are defeated (with many losses from the crossbowmen) and Michael is injured but escapes the field.[5]
- July 15– King Edward of England summons a new Parliament, to assemble on September 15.
- August 3–William Wallace,Scottish rebel leader and knight, is captured nearGlasgowatRobroyston,by English troops led byJohn de Menteith.He is transported toLondonand led, crowned mockingly with laurel, in procession toWestminster Hall.
- August 23– After a three-week trial at Westminster, William Wallace is convicted oftreasonand of atrocities against civilians in war. After the trial, he is dragged through the streets ofSmithfieldinLondonandhanged, drawn and quartered– strangled byhanging– but cut down while still alive,emasculated,disemboweled (with his bowels burned before him), beheaded, and then cut into four parts. Wallace's head is placedon a spikeabove theLondon Bridge,and his limbs are displayed separately, inNewcastle,Berwick,Stirling,andPerth.[6]
- September 15– KingEdward I of Englandissues ordinances for the government of theKingdom of Scotland.King Edward issues the first commission ofTrailbaston– which empowers him to appoint judicial commissions to punish crimes (such as homicide, theft, arson, and rape) and certain trespasses. Edward adds alsoconspiracyto the list of presentments.[7]
- September 19– AtTabriz(now inIran)Öljaitüthe Mongol Ikhanate, receives the Mongol ambassador fromYuan dynastyChina.
October – December
[edit]- October 9– King Wenceslaus III marriesViola Elizabeth of Teschen,daughter of DukeMieszko I,and abandons his claim to Hungary in favor ofOtto III of Bavaria.Meanwhile,Wladyslaw II the Elbow-High,claimant to the Polish throne, begins conquering Polish territories.[8][7]
- November 24– InIndia,Mahalakadeva,King ofMalwa,is killed while attempting to flee the invaders from theDelhi Sultanate.Ayn al-Mulk Multanitakes control of the kingdom as the Sultanate's Governor of Malwa.
- December 8– AtTabriz,the Mongol IkhanateÖljaitüreceives the ambassador sent byToqta,Khan of the Golden Horde that rules territory comprising much of what is now Russia.
- December 20–Battle of Amroha:Mongol forces (some 30,000 men) invade theDelhi Sultanateagain in northernIndia.SultanAlauddin Khaljidispatches a cavalry force led by VizierGhazi Malik,to repulse the Mongols. During the battle (somewhere in theAmroha district), the Delhi forces inflict a crushing defeat upon the invaders. Many Mongols are taken prisoner and incorporated into the Delhi army.[9]
By place
[edit]Births
[edit]- June 2–Abu Sa'id Bahadur(or "Abu Sa'id" ), Mongol ruler (d.1335)
- August 18–Ashikaga Takauji,Japanese general (shogun) (d.1358)
- September 25–Al-Mahdi Ali,Yemeniimamand politician (d.1372)
- September 29–Henry XIV,Germannoblemanand co-ruler (d.1339)
- October 28–Minbyauk Thihapate,Burmese ruler ofSagaing(d.1364)
- November 5–Robert Clifford,English nobleman and knight (d.1344)
- Agnes of Bohemia,Bohemian princess (House of Přemyslid) (d.1337)
- Arnoul d'Audrehem,French nobleman, knight and marshal (d.1370)
- Elizabeth of Poland,queen consort ofHungaryandCroatia(d.1380)
- Gao Ming(or "Gao Zecheng" ), Chinese poet and playwright (d. 1370)
- Isabella of Aragon(or "Elisabeth" ), German queen consort (d.1330)
- Khatsun Namkha Lekpa Gyaltsen,Tibetan religious leader (d.1343)
- Konoe Mototsugu,Japanese nobleman (kugyō) andregent(d.1354)
- Louis the Junker,German nobleman, knight and co-ruler (d.1345)
- Peter of Aragon,Spanish prince (infante) and counsellor (d.1381)
- Peter Thomas,French monk, archbishop and theologian (d.1366)
- Philippe de Cabassoles,French bishop and papal legate (d. 1372)
- Shiba Takatsune,Japanese general and warlord (daimyo) (d.1367)
- Thomas of Frignano,Italian cardinal and Minister General (d. 1381)
- Yi Ja-heung,Korean nobleman, official and Grand Prince (d.1371)
Deaths
[edit]- January 17–Roger of Lauria,Italian nobleman and admiral (b.1245)
- March 1–Blanche of France,French princess and duchess (b.1278)
- March 7–Guy of Dampierre,French nobleman and knight (b.1226)
- April 2–Joan I of Navarre,French queen consort and regent (b.1273)[10]
- April 10–Joachim Piccolomini,Italian monk andaltar server(b.1258)
- April 30–Roger de Flor,Italian nobleman and adventurer (b.1267)
- May 17–Hōjō Tokimura,Japanese nobleman (rensho) (b.1242)
- June 21–Wenceslaus II,king ofBohemiaandPoland(b.1271)
- August 23–William Wallace,Scottish rebel leader and knight[11]
- August 26–Walter of Winterburn,English cardinal and writer
- September 4–Matteo Rosso Orsini,Italian cardinal (b.1230)
- September 10–Nicholas of Tolentino,Italian friar and mystic
- October 4
- Dietrich VII,German nobleman and knight (b.1256)
- Kameyama,Japanese emperor and priest (b.1249)
- October 9–Robert de Pontigny,Frenchabbotand cardinal
- November 11–Otto I,German nobleman and knight (b.1262)
- November 16–Albertino Morosini,Venetian nobleman and governor[12]
- November 18–John II,French nobleman and knight (b.1239)
- November 24–Mahalakadeva,ruler of India's Malwa Kingdom (killed in battle)
- Guillaume de Villaret,French knight and Grand Master (b.1235)
- John I,Piedmontese nobleman (House of Aleramici) (b.1275)
- John II van Sierck(or "Zyrick" ), Dutch archdeacon and bishop
- Qian Xuan(or "Shun Ju" ), Chinese official and painter (b. 1235)
References
[edit]- ^abPeter Such,The Chronicle of King Pedro(Oxford University Press, 2020) p.358
- ^Burns, R. Ignatius (1954). "The Catalan Company and the European Powers, 1305–1311", p. 752.Speculum, Vol. 29 (4).University of Chicago Press.
- ^Charles Melville, "Anatolia under the Mongols", inThe Cambridge History of Turkey,ed. by Kate Fleet (Cambridge University Press, 2009)
- ^Peter Lock,The Franks in the Aegean: 1204-1500(Taylor & Francis, 2014) p.322
- ^Bartusis, Mark C. (1997).The Late Byzantine Army: Arms and Society 1204–1453,pp. 79–82. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press.ISBN0-8122-1620-2.
- ^Armstrong, Pete (2003). Osprey:Stirling Bridge & Falkirk 1297–98,p. 88.ISBN1-84176-510-4.
- ^abWilliams, Hywel (2005).Cassell's Chronology of World History,p. 154. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.ISBN0-304-35730-8.
- ^Engel, Pál (2001).The Realm of St. Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895–1526,p. 129. Tauris Publishers.ISBN1-86064-061-3.
- ^Banarsi Prasad Saksena (1970). "The Khalijs: Alauddin Khalij".A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206–1526,p. 393. Vol. 5 (Second ed.). The Indian History Congress/People's Publishing House.OCLC31870180.
- ^"Joan I | Facts & Biography".Encyclopedia Britannica.RetrievedJuly 22,2018.
- ^"On this day 1305: William Wallace hanged, drawn and quartered".Scotsman.RetrievedJuly 22,2018.
- ^Bácsatyai, Dániel (2023). "A széplelkű kamaraispán és más szerencselovagok. III. András olaszai [The Belletrist Chamber Ispán and other Adventurers. The Italians of Andrew III] ".Századok(in Hungarian).157(6). Magyar Történelmi Társulat: 1183.ISSN0039-8098.