1814

This article is about the year 1814. For the New Zealand reggae band, see1814 (band).

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	18th century 19th century 20th century
Decades:	1790s 1800s 1810s 1820s 1830s
Years:	1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817

1814 in variouscalendars

Gregorian calendar	1814 MDCCCXIV
Ab urbe condita	2567
Armenian calendar	1263 ԹՎ ՌՄԿԳ
Assyrian calendar	6564
Balinese saka calendar	1735–1736
Bengali calendar	1221
Berber calendar	2764
British Regnal year	54Geo. 3– 55Geo. 3
Buddhist calendar	2358
Burmese calendar	1176
Byzantine calendar	7322–7323
Chinese calendar	Quý dậuNiên (WaterRooster) 4511 or 4304 — to — Giáp tuất niên (WoodDog) 4512 or 4305
Coptic calendar	1530–1531
Discordian calendar	2980
Ethiopian calendar	1806–1807
Hebrew calendar	5574–5575
Hindu calendars
-Vikram Samvat	1870–1871
-Shaka Samvat	1735–1736
-Kali Yuga	4914–4915
Holocene calendar	11814
Igbo calendar	814–815
Iranian calendar	1192–1193
Islamic calendar	1229–1230
Japanese calendar	Bunka11 ( văn hóa １１ niên )
Javanese calendar	1740–1741
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 12 days
Korean calendar	4147
Minguo calendar	98 beforeROC Dân tiền 98 niên
Nanakshahi calendar	346
Thai solar calendar	2356–2357
Tibetan calendar	Âm thủy kê niên (female Water-Rooster) 1940 or 1559 or 787 — to — Dương mộc cẩu niên (male Wood-Dog) 1941 or 1560 or 788

January 29:Battle of Brienne

1814(MDCCCXIV) was acommon year starting on Saturdayof theGregorian calendarand acommon year starting on Thursdayof theJulian calendar,the 1814th year of theCommon Era(CE) andAnno Domini(AD) designations, the 814th year of the2nd millennium,the 14th year of the19th century,and the 5th year of the1810sdecade. As of the start of 1814, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Events

January

February 1:Cagsawa Churchis destroyed by eruption ofMount Mayon.

• January 1–War of the Sixth Coalition– TheRoyal Prussian Armyled byGebhard Leberecht von Blüchercrosses theRhine.
• January 3
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Siege of Cattaro:French garrison surrenders to the British after ten days of bombardment.
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Siege of Metz:Allied armies lay siege to the French city and fortress ofMetz.
• January 5–Mexican War of Independence–Battle of Puruarán:SpanishRoyalistsdefeat Mexican Rebels.
• January 11–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Hoogstraten:Prussianforces underFriedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von Bülowdefeat the French.
• January 14
  • Treaty of Kiel:Frederick VI of Denmarkcedes the Kingdom ofNorwayintopersonal unionwithSweden,in exchange for westPomerania.This marks the end of thereal unionofDenmark-Norway.
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Siege of Antwerp:Allied forces besiege FrenchAntwerp.
• January 19–War of the Sixth Coalition–Siege of Ragusa:Allied siege of French town begins.
• January 22,January 24–War of 1812–Battles of Emuckfaw and Enotachopo Creek:In northernAlabama,United States forces under GeneralAndrew Jacksondefeat theRed Sticks.
• January 24–War of the Sixth Coalition–First Battle of Bar-sur-Aube:Two Austrian and Württemberger corps wage an inconclusive battle against the FrenchImperial Guard.
• January 27
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Siege of Ragusa:French garrison surrenders to the British and the Austrians.
  • War of 1812–Battle of Calebee Creek:US forces underJohn Floyddefeat theRed SticksinAlabama.
• January 29–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Brienne:A French army led byNapoleonis victorious againstvon Blücher.
• January 31–Gervasio Antonio de Posadasbecomes Supreme Director ofArgentina.

February

• February–George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen,represents Britain at the Congress of Chatillon.
• February 1
  • Mount Mayonin the Philippines erupts for the second time; more than 1,200 people die and theCagsawa Churchis destroyed.
  • Lord Byron's semi-autobiographical tale in verseThe Corsairis published byJohn Murrayin London, and sells 10,000 copies on this day.
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of La Rothière:Blücher's Allied army defeats the French underNapoleon.
• February 2–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Lesmont:French forces underJoseph Lagrangedefeat the Allies.
• February 8–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of the Mincio River:French and Italian troops under ViceroyEugène de Beauharnaisfight an Austrian army to a draw.
• February 10–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Champaubert:A French army led byNapoleoneffectively destroys a small Russian corps led byZakhar Dmitrievich Olsufiev,opening theSix Days' Campaign.
• February 11
  • Norway's independence is proclaimed, marking the ultimate end of theKalmar Union.
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Montmirail:A French army led byNapoleonis victorious againstFabian Gottlieb von der Osten-SackenandLudwig Yorck von Wartenburgin theSix Days' Campaign.
• February 12
  • A fire destroys theCustom Housein the City of London.
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Château-Thierry (1814):A French army led byNapoleonis victorious againstLudwig Yorck von WartenburgandFabian Gottlieb von der Osten-Sackenin theSix Days' Campaign.
  • Venezuelan War of Independence–Battle of La Victoria (1814):Republicans defeat Spanish Royalists.
• February 14–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Vauchamps:A French army led byNapoleonis victorious againstvon Blücher,the last major action of theSix Days' Campaign.
• February 15–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Garris:An Allied army led by theDuke of Wellingtonis victorious against the French underJean Isidore Harispe.
• February 17–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Mormant:A French army led by Napoleon effectively destroys a Russian division.
• February 18–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Montereau:A French army led by Napoleon is victorious againstAustrianforces.
• February 21– TheGreat Stock Exchange Fraudis exposed in London.
• February 27
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Bar-sur-Aube:An Allied army led by thePrince of Schwarzenbergis victorious against the French underJacques MacDonald.
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Orthez:An Allied army led by theDuke of Wellingtonis victorious against the French underJean-de-Dieu Soult.
• February 28–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Gué-à-Tresmes:Two French corps led byAuguste MarmontandÉdouard Mortierdefeat Prusso-Russian forces.

March

March 9:TheschoonerEnterprisereturns from theCaribbean.

• March 1–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Saint-Julien:Austrian Army of the South defeats the French Army of the Rhône.
• March 3
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Laubressel:Schwarzenberg defeats the French under MacDonald.
  • Chilean War of Independence–First Battle of Talca:Royalists defeat Chilean rebels.
• March 4–War of 1812–Battle of Longwoods:American raiding party defeats British regulars and militia and Indian fighters.
• March 7–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Craonne:A French army led by Napoleon is victorious against combined Prussian and Russian forces under von Blücher andVorontsov,but with French losses exceeding their opponents.
• March 8–War of the Sixth Coalition:A night attack by the British under SirThomas Grahamon the French fortress ofBergen op Zoomends in failure.
• March 9
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Treaty of Chaumontsigned by four Allied powers, deepening their alliance against France.
  • American navalschoonerUSSEnterprisereachesWilmington,North Carolina, returning from participating in theWar of 1812against the United Kingdom in theCaribbean.
• March 10–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Laon:von Blücher defeats Napoleon.
• March 10–15–Argentine War of Independence–Battle of Martín García:TheUnited Provinces of South Americadefeat the Spanish royalists.
• March 11–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Mâcon:Austrian Army of the South defeats the French Army of the Rhône.
• March 12–Louis Antoine, Duke of AngoulêmeentersBordeaux,marking the restoration of theHouse of Bourbon.
• March 13–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Reims:Napoleon defeats a combined Russo-Prussian corps.
• March 19–Chilean War of Independence–Battle of El Quilo:Chilean rebels defeat Spanish royalists.
• March 20
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Limonest:Austrian and Hessian forces defeat the French Army of the Rhône.
  • Chilean War of Independence–Battle of Membrillar:Chilean rebels defeat Spanish royalists.
• March 21–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Arcis-sur-Aube:Allied army defeats Napoleon.
• March 25
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Fère-Champenoise:Allied army led by Schwarzenberg defeats the French under Marmont and Mortier.
  • De Nederlandsche Bankis established.
• March 26–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Saint-Dizier:Napoleon defeats the Russians underFerdinand von Wintzingerode.
• March 26–27–War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Jobourg:British squadron defeats and captures two French frigates.
• March 27–War of 1812–Battle of Horseshoe Bend:In northernAlabama,United States forces under GeneralAndrew Jacksondefeat theCreekIndians.
• March 28–War of 1812–Battle of Valparaíso:Two British Royal Navy ships easily defeat and captureUSSEssexand a sister ship off the coast ofChile.
• March 29–Chilean War of Independence–First Battle of Cancha Rayada:Spanish royalists defeat Chilean rebels.
• March 30
  • War of the Sixth Coalition:TheBattle of Parisbegins.
  • War of 1812–Battle of Lacolle Mills:British garrison defeats American attack.
• March 31
  • War of the Sixth Coalition:Coalition troops occupy Paris.
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Battle of Courtrai:French forces defeat Saxons and Prussians.

April–June

• April 6–Napoleonic Wars–Bourbon Restoration:Louis XVIIIis invited to occupy the restoredFrench throne.
• April 10
  • Napoleonic Wars–Battle of Toulouse:TheDuke of Wellingtonis victorious.
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Siege of Metzis lifted by the Allies.
• April 11–Napoleonic Wars–Treaty of Fontainebleau:TheWar of the Sixth Coalitionends, andNapoleonis forced to abdicate unconditionally asEmperor of the French.

• 

  April 11:Treaty of Fontainebleau (1814)

  April 12
  • TheCount of Artoisarrives in Paris, acting as Lieutenant General of the realm before the arrival of his brother,Louis XVIII of France.
  • TheRoyal Norwegian Navyis re-established.
• April 14–Napoleonic Wars–Battle of Bayonne:The Allies defeat a French sortie from Bayonne.
• April 18/19–Genoasurrenders to the British Royal Navy.
• April 24–Convention of Mantua:The NapoleonicKingdom of Italyis returned to provisional Austrian rule.
• April 28
  • TheLigurian Republicis revived.
  • War of 1812–Capture of HMSEpervierby theUSSPeacock.
• May 2–Napoleonic Wars–Declaration of Saint-Ouen:Louis XVIII of Francedeclares his support for representative government while claiming unlimited monarchical sovereignty.
• May 3
  • The Duke of Provence, the futureLouis XVIII of France,returns to Paris.
  • Treaty of Lircaysigned between Royalists and Patriots during theChilean War of Independence.
• May 4
  • Ferdinand VII of Spainabolishes theSpanish Constitution of 1812,returning the country toabsolute monarchy.
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Siege of Antwerpends in a French capitulation.
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Siege of Mainzends as the French leave the fortress.
• May 6–War of 1812–Battle of Fort Oswego:British forces attackFort OntarioatOswego, New York.
• May 14–16–War of 1812– AmericanRaid on Port Doverand destruction of property.
• May 16–William Brown,Irish-born rebel leader and future Admiral of the Navy of Argentina, begins a blockade ofMontevideo,the colonial capital of Rio de la Plata.
• May 17
  • TheConstitution of Norwayis signed and the DanishCrown PrinceChristian Frederikis electedKing of Norway,by theNorwegian Constituent Assembly.
  • TheoccupationofMonacochanges from French to Austrian hands.
  • Argentine War of Independence–Battle of Buceoends in the burning of five Spanish ships and capture of two.
• May 24– Duke of Wellington arrives in Madrid from Paris in an attempt to avert civil war between supporters of Ferdinand VII and the opposition Liberals, including many troops who fought under him during the Peninsular War
• May 27–War of the Sixth Coalition–Siege of Hamburgends in a French capitulation.
• May 28
  • War of the Sixth Coalition–Barcelonais restored to Spanish Bourbon rule as the French garrison leaves the city.
  • Venezuelan War of Independence–Battle of Carabobo:Republican victory underSimón Bolívarover Spanish Royalists.
• May 29–30–War of 1812–Battle of Big Sandy Creek:US forces capture British marines and sailors.
• May 30–Napoleonic Wars:TheFirst Treaty of Parisis signed, returning France's borders to their1792extent.Napoleonis exiled toElbaon the same day.
• June 4–Charter of 1814:Louis XVIII of Franceissues theCharter of 1814,a written constitution that retains royal supremacy and will remain in force from 1814 to 1815 and again from 1815 to 1830.
• June 6– Beginning of theAllied sovereigns' visit to England:TsarAlexander I of Russiaand KingFrederick William III of Prussiasail fromBoulogne-Sur-MertoDoveron board theRoyal NavyshipHMSImpregnableas guests ofGeorge, Prince of Wales,the regent during the incapacity of King George III.
• June 12– The poem "She Walks in Beauty"is written byLord Byron.
• June 17– In London, Alexander, Frederick William and George exchange their ratifications of the Peace Treaty ending the war with France.
• June 20–Gaspar de Vigodet,Spain's last colonial administrator of theViceroyalty of the Río de la Plata(covering nearly all of modern-day Argentina, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay), surrenders the city ofMontevideoto independence fighters, led by GeneralCarlos María de Alvear.
• June 21– The secretEight Articles of Londonare signed between the Great Powers, uniting theLow CountriesunderWilliam I of the Netherlands.
• June 28–War of 1812–Sinking of HMSReindeerbyUSSWasp.

July–September

• July 3–War of 1812–Capture of Fort Erieby the Americans under Major GeneralJacob Brown.
• July 5–War of 1812–Battle of Chippawa:American Major GeneralJacob Browndefeats British GeneralPhineas RiallatChippawa,Ontario.
• July 7–Walter Scott'sWaverley,his first prose fiction and one of the first significanthistorical novelsin English, is published anonymously byArchibald ConstableinEdinburgh,selling out in two days.
• July 13– TheCarabinieri(the nationalmilitary policeof Italy) is established byVictor Emmanuel,as the police force of theKingdom of Sardinia.
• July 19–20–War of 1812–Siege of Prairie du Chien:British troops and Native Americans besiege and capture the frontier settlement.
• July 19–War of 1812–Battle of Rock Island Rapids:British-allied tribes ambush and defeat an American expedition in Illinois.
• July 22–War of 1812– TheTreaty of Greenvilleis signed between the U.S. government and Native American tribes.
• July 25
  • George Stephensontests his firstlocomotiveBlüchersuccessfully in England.
  • War of 1812–Battle of Lundy's Lane:Reinforcements arrive nearNiagara Falls,Ontario for GeneralRiall's British and Canadian force, and a bloody, all-night battle withJacob Brown's Americans commences at 18.00 hours; Americans retreat toFort Erie.
• July 26– TheSwedish–Norwegian War (1814)begins with a Swedish attack.
• July 28– The revivedLigurian Republicis dissolved.
• July 29– Swedish–Norwegian War: Theinvasion of Hvalerends in a Swedish victory.
• July 30– TheGreat fire of Tirschenreuthin Bavaria destroys the town and 907 buildings.
• August 1– TheGrand Jubilee of 1814is held in Britain, celebrating the hundredth anniversary of theHanoverian Succession
• August 2– Swedish–Norwegian War:Battle of Lierends in a Norwegian victory.
• August 4
  • War of 1812–Battle of Mackinac Islandresults in a British victory over an American invasion.
  • Swedish–Norwegian War (1814)–Battle of Fredrikstadends in a Swedish victory.
  • War of 1812– The BritishSiege of Fort Eriebegins.
• August 5– Swedish–Norwegian War: theBattle of Matrandends in a Norwegian victory.
• August 7–Pope Pius VIIdecrees the bullSollicitudo omnium ecclesiarum,reestablishing theSociety of Jesus(Jesuits) all over the world, after having approved their survival and existence in Russia.
• August 9
  • Creek War– TheTreaty of Fort Jacksonis signed, ending the Creek War.
  • Swedish–Norwegian War (1814)–Battle of Langnesends in a Norwegian victory.
• August 12– In England, the last hanging under theBlack Actis carried out, of William Potter for cutting down anorchard(although the judge petitions for reprieve).
• August 13– TheAnglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814is signed in London, returning most possessions of theDutch Empireacquired by the United Kingdom since1803to the Netherlands, although Britain retains theCape of Good Hopeand the South American settlements ofDemerara,EssequiboandBerbice(later consolidated asBritish Guiana). In addition, the British cede the island ofBancaoff the island ofSumatra,in exchange for the settlement ofCochin,India.
• August 13–September 6–War of 1812–Engagements on Lake Huronresult in British victory.
• August 14
  • Swedish–Norwegian War (1814)– TheBattle of Kjølberg Bridgeends in Swedish victory.
  • Swedish–Norwegian War (1814)– TheConvention of Mossis signed, ending theSwedish–Norwegian War.
• August 24–War of 1812–Burning of Washington:British troops, after defeating American forces at theBattle of Bladensburg,occupy Washington, D.C., setting numerous buildings on fire, including theCapitolandPresidential Mansion.

  

  August 24:Burning of Washington

• August 26–Chilean War of Independence–Battle of Las Tres Acequiasends in victory for the forces ofJose Miguel Carrera.
• August 31–War of 1812–Battle of Caulk's Field:American militia defeats British landing.

September 13:Bombardment ofFort McHenry

• September 1–War of 1812–Sinking of HMS Avonby theUSS Wasp.
• September 2–War of 1812–Raid on Alexandriaends in a British victory.
• September 3–War of 1812–Battle of Hampdenends in a British victory.
• September 11–War of 1812–Battle of Lake Champlain:An American squadron underThomas Macdonoughdefeats the British squadron, ultimately forcing the invading army to retreat back into Canada.
• September 12–War of 1812–Battle of North Point:An American detachment halts the British land advance toBaltimore.
• September 13–War of 1812:The British bombardFort McHenryatBaltimore.The British failure at theBattle of Baltimoreis a turning point in the war, and the American defense of the fort inspiresFrancis Scott Keyto compose the poem (later set to music as)The Star-Spangled Banner.
• September 21–War of 1812:– BritishSiege of Fort Eriefails.
• September 27
  • War of 1812–Battle of Fayalends in an American victory over the British.
  • Hadži-Prodan's rebellionagainst the Ottoman Empire begins.

November 1:Anglo-Nepalese war begins

October–December

• October 17–London Beer Flood:A large vat full ofporterowned byMeux's Breweryof London bursts, demolishing buildings and killing 8 people.
• October 19–War of 1812:–Battle of Cook's Mills:U.S. forces defeat the British in Upper Canada.
• November 1
  • Francis Rawdon-Hastings,theGovernor-General of Indiadeclares war onKingdom of NepalandAnglo-Nepalese Warbegins.
  • TheCongress of Viennaformally opens in Austria to settle the many issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars, and the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, with the European powers agreeing upon the redrawing of national borders following the victory over France; it will last untilJune 9,1815.
• November 4– King Charles XIII of Sweden becomes King of Norway, as Charles II.
• November 7–War of 1812:Andrew JacksonseizesPensacola,Florida.
• December 15–War of 1812:TheHartford Conventionis convened, by members of the AmericanFederalist Party.
• December 24–War of 1812:TheTreaty of Ghentis signed, formally ending the war.
• December 25–Samuel Marsdenof theChurch Missionary Societypreaches the first sermon in New Zealand, probably in theMāori language,atOihi.

Date unknown

• The world's first complex machine mass-produced frominterchangeable parts,Eli Terry's wooden pillar-and-scroll clock, comes off the production line inPlymouth,Connecticut.

Births

January–June

Heinrich Geissler

• January 1
  • William Bigler,American politician (d.1880)
  • Hong Xiuquan,Chinese rebel (d.1864)
• January 27–Eugène Viollet-le-Duc,French architect (d.1879)
• February 9–Samuel J. Tilden,25thGovernor of New York,1876Democratic PartyPresidential Nominee (d.1886)
• February 18–Samuel Fenton Cary,American politician, temperance activist (d.1900)
• March 9–Taras Shevchenko,Ukrainian poet (d.1861)
• March 17–Kamehameha III,King of the Hawaiian Islands (d.1854)
• April 3–Lorenzo Snow,5th president ofthe Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints(d.1901)
• April 21–Angela Burdett-Coutts, 1st Baroness Burdett-Coutts,English philanthropist (d.1906)
• May 7–Henriette Hansen,Norwegian ballerina, singer and actor (d.1892)
• May 12–Adolf von Henselt,German composer (d.1889)
• May 26
  • Wilhelm Engerth,Austrian architect, engineer (d.1884)
  • Heinrich Geißler,German physicist (d.1879)
• May 30–Mikhail Bakunin,Russian anarchist (d.1876)
• June 21–Paweł Bryliński,Polish sculptor (d.1890)

July–December

Anders Jonas Ångström

Adolphe Sax

• July 3–Ferdinand Didrichsen,Danish botanist, physicist (d.1887)
• July 11–Louis Melsens,Belgian chemist and physicist (d.1886)
• July 19
  • Samuel Colt,American gun maker (d.1862)
  • Ludwig von Gablenz,Austrian general (d.1874)
• August 8–Esther Morris,American suffragist, judge (d.1902)
• August 10–Henri Nestlé,German-born Swiss chocolate magnate (d.1890)
• August 13–Anders Jonas Ångström,Swedish physicist (d.1874)
• August 23–James Roosevelt Bayley,American bishop (d.1877)
• August 28–Sheridan Le Fanu,Irish writer (d.1873)
• September 2–Ernst Curtius,German archaeologist, historian (d.1896)
• September 3–James Joseph Sylvester,English mathematician (d.1897)
• September 6–George-Étienne Cartier,Canadian lawyer, politician (d.1873)
• September 7–William Butterfield,British architect (d.1900)
• September 8–Charles Étienne Brasseur de Bourbourg,French writer, historian (d.1874)
• September 27–Daniel Kirkwood,American astronomer (d.1895)
• October 1–Josefina Deland,Swedish women's rights activist (d.1890)
• October 4–Jean-François Millet,French painter (d.1875)
• October 7–Susanna Dickinson,survivor of the Alamo (d.1883)
• October 15–Mikhail Lermontov,Russian writer (d.1841)
• November 6–Adolphe Sax,Belgian musical instrument maker, inventor (d.1894)
• November 13–Joseph Hooker,American general (d.1879)
• November 22–Serranus Clinton Hastings,American politician (d.1893)
• November 25–Julius von Mayer,German physician, physicist, one of the founders of thermodynamics (d.1878)
• November 26–Luise Aston,German author, feminist (d.1871)
• December 12–Juan Prim, 1st Marquis of los Castillejos,Prime Minister of Spain (d.1870)
• December 13–Ana Néri,Brazilian nurse, matron of nursing in that country (d.1880)
• December 18–Sarah T. Bolton,née Sarah Tittle Barrett, American poet (d.1893)

Date unknown

• Táhirih,Persian Bahá'í heroine (d.1852)
• Pavlos Kalligas,Greek jurist, politician (d.1896)
• Antoinette Nording,Swedish perfume entrepreneur (d.1887)

Deaths

January–June

Johann Gottlieb Fichte

• January 7–Ira Allen,founder ofVermont,leader of theGreen Mountain Boys(b.1751)
• January 16–Friedrich Karl Wilhelm, Fürst zu Hohenlohe,Austrian general (b.1752)
• January 26–Manuel do Cenáculo,Portuguese prelate and antiquarian (b.1724)
• January 27
  • Philip Astley,English circus promoter (b.1742)
  • Johann Gottlieb Fichte,German philosopher (b.1762)
• February 26–John Cleves Symmes,American statesman (b.1742)
• February 27–Margaret BinghamBritish countess, painter and writer (b.1740)
• March 6–Angelica Schuyler Church,daughter of Genl.Philip Schuyler,sister toElizabeth Schuyler Hamilton(b.1756)
• March 18–Vincent Abbadie,French surgeon (b.1737)
• March 26–Joseph-Ignace Guillotin,French physician (b.1738)
• April 1–Joseph de Ferraris,Austriancartographerof the Austrian Netherlands (b.1726)
• April 12–Charles Burney,English music historian (b.1726)
• April 19–Thomas Brudenell-Bruce, 1st Earl of Ailesbury,England (b.1729)
• May 2
  • Thomas Coke,firstAmerican MethodistBishop(b.1747)
  • Alexander Hood,British naval officer (b.1726)
• May 5–Abdullah I Al-Sabah,Kuwaiti ruler (b.1740)
• May 6
  • Stephen Amherst,English cricketer (b.1750)
  • Georg Joseph Vogler,German composer (b.1749)
• May 27–Ivan Akimov,Russian painter (b.1754)
• May 29–Joséphine de Beauharnais,Empress of France (b.1763)
• June 14–Antin Angelovych,Greek-Catholic metropolitan (b.1756)
• June 27–Johann Friedrich Reichardt,German composer (b.1752)

July–December

Matthew Flinders

Marquis de Sade

• July 12–William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe,British general (b.1729)
• July 18–Miles Peter Andrews,English playwright, legislator (b.1742)
• July 19– CaptainMatthew Flinders,English explorer of the coasts of Australia (b.1774)
• July 25–Charles Dibdin,English composer (b.1745)
• August 21
  • Antonio Carnicero,Spanish painter (b.1748)
  • Benjamin Thompson,American physicist, inventor (b.1753)
• August 28–Erik Must Angell,Norwegian jurist, politician (b.1744)
• August 31–Arthur Phillip,British admiral, 1stGovernor of New South Wales(b.1738)
• September 8–Maria Carolina of Austria,queen ofFerdinand I of the Two Sicilies,andde factoruler (b.1752)
• September 22–August Wilhelm Iffland,German actor (b.1759)
• October 1–Guillaume-Antoine Olivier,French entomologist (b.1756)
• October 4–Samuel Jackson Pratt,English writer, poet and actor (b.1749)
• October 19–Mercy Otis Warren,American playwright (b.1728)
• November 18–Aleijadinho,Colonial Brazil-bornsculptorandarchitect(b.1730or1738)
• November 23–Elbridge Gerry,5thVice President of the United States(b.1744)
• December 2–Marquis de Sade,French writer for whom sadism is named (b.1740)
• December 13–Charles-Joseph, 7th Prince of Ligne,Austrian field marshal (b.1735)
• December 19–Joseph Bramah,English inventor of the hydraulic press (b.1748)
• December 26–Nicolas-François Guillard,French librettist (b.1752)

Further reading

• Louis Heilprin(1885)."Chronological Table of Universal History".Historical Reference Book.New York: D. Appleton and Company.hdl:2027/wu.89097349187– via Hathi Trust.1814