Abraham Calovius
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Abraham Calovius(alsoAbraham CalovorAbraham Kalau;16 April 1612 – 25 February 1686) was aLutherantheologian, and was one of the champions ofLutheran orthodoxyin the 17th century.
Biography
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He was born inMohrungen(Morąg),Ducal Prussia,afiefofCrown of Poland.After studying atKönigsberg,in 1650 he was appointed professor of theology atWittenberg,where he afterwards became generalsuperintendentandprimarius.[1]
Calovius opposed theCatholics,CalvinistsandSocinians,and in particular attacked thesyncretismof his bitter enemy,George Calixtus.[1]While Calixtus affirmed that theApostles' Creedwas an adequate definition of faith, Calovius rather held that one must believe every part of revealed truth in order to gain salvation. This led Calovius to deny as aheresythe idea that Roman Catholics or Calvinists could be partakers of salvation.
As a writer of polemics Calovius had few equals. His chief dogmatic work,Systema locorum theologicorum,(12 volumes, 1655–1677) represents the climax ofLutheran scholasticism.He produced a popular commentary onMartin Luther's translation of the Bible, "die deutsche Bibel," today known as theCalov Bible.[2]He also wrote a much larger professional exegetical work on the entire Bible called "Biblia Illustrata." It is written from the point of view of a very strict belief in inspiration, his object being to refute the statements made byHugo Grotiusin hisCommentaries.[1]
Calovius died inWittenberg.
Works (selection)
[edit]- Tractatus Novus De Methodo Docendi & Disputandi,1632.
- Metaphysica divina.Rostock, Hallervord, 1640.
- Scripta philosophica.Lübeck, Wilden, 1651.
- Systematis locorum theologicorum.:"Système de prémisses théologiques issues des écrits les plus sacrés de l'Antiquité:" Wittenberg 1655–1677 (12 volumes).
- Biblia illustrata.Frankfurt am Main 1672–1676 and 1719 (4 volumes).
- Theologia positiva.Wittenberg 1682.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^abcOne or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain:Chisholm, Hugh,ed. (1911). "Calovius, Abraham".Encyclopædia Britannica.Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 68.
- ^Lutheran Orthodoxy Under Fireby Timothy Schmeling
References
[edit]- Marco Sgarbi,Abraham Calov and Immanuel Kant. Aristotelian and Scholastic Traces in the Kantian Philosophy,Historia Philosophica, 8, 2010, pp. 55–62
External links
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- Abraham Calov, Scripta philosophica
- Abraham Calov (1612-1686)Post-Reformation Digital Library
- The Birth of Ontology. A selection of Ontologists from 1560 to 1770
- Abraham Calov's Doctrine of Vocatio in Its Systematic Contextby Kenneth Appold
- Dogmatic excerpts from Syncretismus and Digressioby Abraham Calov
- Lutheran Orthodoxy under Fireby Timothy Schmeling
| International | |
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| National | |
| Academics | |
| People | |
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- 1612 births
- 1686 deaths
- People from Morąg
- 17th-century Prussian people
- 17th-century German Lutheran clergy
- German Lutheran theologians
- German male non-fiction writers
- 17th-century German Protestant theologians
- 17th-century writers in Latin
- 17th-century German writers
- 17th-century German male writers
- University of Königsberg alumni
- Academic staff of the University of Wittenberg
- 17th-century Lutheran theologians