Aerophagia
Aerophagia(oraerophagy) is a condition of excessive air swallowing, which goes to thestomachinstead of thelungs.Aerophagia may also refer to an unusual condition where the primary symptom is excessiveflatus (farting),belching (burping)is not present, and the actual mechanism by which air enters the gut is obscure or unknown.[1]Aerophagia in psychiatry is sometimes attributed to nervousness oranxiety.[2]
Symptoms and signs
[edit]Causes
[edit]Aerophagia is associated with excessivelychewing gum,smoking,drinkingcarbonated drinks,eating too quickly, as well as anxiety, highcontinuous positive airway pressureand wearing loosedentures.Aerophagia is also carried out deliberately as a voluntary action to increase the length and volume of abelch,as any air successfully swallowed serves to increase thepartial pressurein the stomach and expand a burp.[13][14]In people with cervical spinal blockages, inhaling can cause some air to enter the esophagus and stomach involuntarily.[15]
Diagnosis
[edit]Aerophagia is diagnosed in 8.8% of cognitively delayed patients[16]where the coordination between swallowing and respiration is impaired and not well-defined.[17]
Aerophagia is a dangerous potential side effect ofnon-invasive ventilation(NIV), commonly used in treatments of respiratory problems and cardiovascular critical care or in surgery when a generalanaestheticis required. In the case of aerophagia during NIV, it is normally diagnosed by experienced medical specialists who check on patients intermittently during NIV use for any emergent problems. The diagnosis is based on the sound heard by listening through astethoscopeplaced outside the abdominal cavity. Using this approach, the problem is sometimes detected later than when it develops, possibly also later than necessary. Belated detection or response to aerophagia may lead to gastric distension, which in turn could elevate thediaphragmor cause aspiration of the stomach contents into the lungs[18]or pneumatic rupture of theesophagusdue to extreme gastric insufflation.[19]
See also
[edit]- Gastric dilatation volvulus(GDV), stretched stomach
References
[edit]- ^Levitt MD, Furne J, Aeolus MR, Suarez FL (1998). "Evaluation of an extremely flatulent patient: case report and proposed diagnostic and therapeutic approach".Am J Gastroenterol.93(11): 2276–81.doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.1998.00635.x.PMID9820415.S2CID20991299.
- ^"Aerophagia - Define Aerophagia at Dictionary.com".dictionary.com.Archivedfrom the original on 7 July 2017.Retrieved26 April2018.
- ^Chitkara DK (2005)."Aerophagia in adults: a comparison with functional dyspepsia".Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics.22(9): 855–858.doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02651.x.PMID16225495.
- ^Callahan, Christy."Chest Pressure and Swallowing Air While Eating".livestrong.com.Archivedfrom the original on 1 December 2017.Retrieved26 April2018.
- ^"Hyperventilation Syndrome".Archived fromthe originalon 2016-03-04.Retrieved2015-12-14.
- ^"heartburn"atDorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^"Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER) and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Adults".The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.Archivedfrom the original on 2015-07-25.Retrieved2015-07-24.
- ^Viniol A, Keunecke C, Biroga T, Stadje R, Dornieden K, Bösner S, et al. (October 2014)."Studies of the symptom abdominal pain--a systematic review and meta-analysis".Family Practice.31(5): 517–29.doi:10.1093/fampra/cmu036.PMID24987023.
- ^Wilkes, Garry (2 August 2007)."Hiccups".eMedicine.Medscape.Retrieved22 April2009.
- ^Oxford University Press."satiety, n."OED Online.Retrieved14 March2017.
- ^"Pediatric Vomiting".The Lecturio Medical Concept Library.Retrieved27 July2021.
- ^Shepherd, Kelly; Hillman, David; Eastwood, Peter (15 January 2013)."Symptoms of Aerophagia Are Common in Patients on Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy and Are Related to the Presence of Nighttime Gastroesophageal Reflux".Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine.9(1): 13–17.doi:10.5664/jcsm.2328.PMC3525982.PMID23319899.
- ^"Belching: Is it Normal?".International Foundation for Gastrointestinal Disorders.Retrieved31 October2018.
- ^Luo, Elaine K."What are the best ways to make yourself burp?".Medical News Today.Medical News Today.Retrieved31 October2018.
- ^Krasiuk MM, Kratinov VP (July 1993). "The characteristics of aerophagy and its treatment".Likars'ka Sprava.7(7): 114–6.PMID8209520.
- ^Loening-Baucke V (2000)."Aerophagia as cause of gaseous abdominal distention in a toddler".J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr.31(2): 204–7.doi:10.1097/00005176-200008000-00026.PMID10941981.
- ^Perlman AL, Ettema SL, Barkmeier J (2000). "Respiratory and acoustic signals associated with bolus passage during swallowing".Dysphagia.15(2): 89–94.doi:10.1007/s004550010006.PMID10758191.S2CID9995350.
- ^RUBEN H, KNUDSEN EJ, CARUGATI G (1961). "Gastric inflation in relation to airway pressure".Acta Anaesthesiol Scand.5(3): 107–14.doi:10.1111/j.1399-6576.1961.tb00089.x.PMID14494855.S2CID8648152.
- ^Meyerovitch J, Ben Ami T, Rozenman J, Barzilay Z (1988). "Pneumatic rupture of the esophagus caused by carbonated drinks".Pediatr Radiol.18(6): 468–70.doi:10.1007/BF00974081.PMID3186323.S2CID359997.
External links
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