Ahmad ibn Umar al-Hazimi
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Ahmad ibn Umar al-Hazimi | |
|---|---|
أحمد بن عمر الحازمي | |
| Personal | |
| Born | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Jurisprudence | Hanbali |
| Creed | Athari |
| Movement | Salafiyya |
| Notable idea(s) | Hazimism |
| Alma mater | Umm al-Qura University(BA) |
| Known for | Takfir al-'Adhir |
| Muslim leader | |
Ahmad ibn Umar al-Hazimi(Arabic:أحمد بن عمر الحازمي,romanized:Aḥmad ibn ʿUmar al-Ḥāzimī) is a Saudi scholar whose interpretation oftakfir(excommunication) gave rise to the eponymousHazimibranch ofWahhabism.A relatively unknown figure until he publicised his teachings inTunisiaafter the2011 revolution,followers of al-Hazimi's views briefly wielded considerable power within theIslamic State of Iraq and the Levant(ISIS). He was arrested and imprisoned by Saudi authorities in 2015.
Views
[edit]Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab's "third nullifier of Islam" states that those who do not acknowledge the disbelief of a polytheist commit an act of apostasy. Al-Hazimi extends the nullifier to those who refrain from excommunicating those considered "ignorant", a doctrine known astakfir al-‘adhir( "excommunication of the excuser" ).[2]Critics arguetakfir al-‘adhirleads to an indefinite chain of excommunication, which the hazimis refuse.[3]
Al-Hazimi's affinity withSalafi jihadismhas been debated by its supporters.[4]Despite the adoption oftakfir al-‘adhirby elements of the movement, al-Hazimi has been described as "not himself a jihadi".[2]
Life
[edit]Born inMecca,al-Hazimi completed hisbachelor's degreeatUmm al-Qura University,majoring in theQuranandSunnah.He also studied under Muslim scholars in theGreat Mosque of Mecca,including inlogicandArabic grammar.He served as theimamof his local mosque in Mecca'sAl-Zahirneighbourhood.[1]
Over the course of four visits toTunisiabetween December 2011 and May 2012, al-Hazimi delivered a series of lectures promotingtakfir al-‘adhirin association with local Islamist organisations linked withAnsar al-Sharia.With their aid, al-Hazimi established theIbn Abi Zayd al-QayrawaniInstitute for Sharia Sciences in the country, a religious institute that instructed in his views.[5]
Several Tunisian adherents of al-Hazimi's positions later joined ISIS, disseminating the concept oftakfir al-‘adhirand becoming a potent ideological force within the group. In 2013, al-Hazimi uploaded several online lectures regardingtakfir al-‘adhirwhich were attacked byTurki al-Binali,a senior ISIS religious scholar who was the principal opponent of Hazimi influence on the organisation.[4]In the following years, several Hazimis excommunicated ISIS' leadership and revolted against the group, who in turn labelled them as "extremists" and initiated a crackdown on the movement.[2]
On 28 April 2015, al-Hazimi was arrested in Saudi Arabia and later imprisoned.[6]
External links
[edit]- Official websiteArchived2017-08-07 at theWayback Machine
References
[edit]- ^ab"أحمد بن عمر الحازمي • الموقع الرسمي للمكتبة الشاملة".shamela.ws.Retrieved2020-08-21.
- ^abcBunzel, Cole (2019)."Ideological Infighting in the Islamic State".Perspectives on Terrorism.13(1): 12–21.ISSN2334-3745.JSTOR26590504– via JSTOR.
- ^"The Islamic State's Mufti on Trial: The Saga of the" Silsila 'Ilmiyya "".Combating Terrorism Center at West Point.2018-10-12. Archived fromthe originalon 2020-09-22.Retrieved2020-08-21.
- ^ab"Caliphate in Disarray: Theological Turmoil in the Islamic State".www.jihadica.com.Retrieved2020-08-21.
- ^Zelin, Aaron (18 February 2020)."Ultra Extremism Among Tunisian Jihadis Within The Islamic State".www.jihadica.com.Retrieved2020-08-21.
- ^Hamming, Tore (9 June 2016)."The Extremist Wing of the Islamic State".www.jihadica.com.Retrieved2020-08-21.