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Aihui District

Coordinates:50°14′28″N127°29′36″E/ 50.24111°N 127.49333°E/50.24111; 127.49333
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Aihui
Ái huy khu
District
Aihui is located in Heilongjiang
Aihui
Aihui
Location in Heilongjiang
Coordinates:50°14′28″N127°29′36″E/ 50.24111°N 127.49333°E/50.24111; 127.49333
CountryChina
ProvinceHeilongjiang
Prefecture-level cityHeihe
Township-level divisions
  • 9 subdistricts
  • 8 towns
  • 1 township
  • 1 ethnic township
District seatHuayuan Subdistrict
Area
• Total1,443 km2(557 sq mi)
Elevation
134 m (440 ft)
Population
(2020 census)[1]
• Total223,832
• Density160/km2(400/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8(China Standard)
Postal code
164300
Area code0456
Websitewww.aihui.gov.cn

Aihui District(simplified Chinese:Ái huy khu;traditional Chinese:Ái huy khu;pinyin:Àihuī Qū) is an administrativedistrictand the seat of theprefecture-level cityofHeihe,HeilongjiangProvince,China.It is located on the right (south-western) bank of theAmur River,across which isBlagoveshchensk,Amur Oblast,Russia. Aihui District spans an area of 1,443 km2(557 sq mi), and had a population of 192,764 as of 2000.[2]

Names

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Aihui has undergone a number of name changes throughout its history, includingAihui(simplified Chinese:Ái hồn;traditional Chinese:Ái hồn;pinyin:Àihuī),Aihun(simplified Chinese:Ngải hồn;traditional Chinese:Ngải hồn;pinyin:Àihún),Aihu(simplified Chinese:Ngải hử;traditional Chinese:Ngải hử;pinyin:Àihǔ), andAihu(simplified Chinese:Ái hô;traditional Chinese:Ái hô;pinyin:Àihū).[2]Most recently, in 1956, the area'sChinese characterswere changed from Aihui (simplified Chinese:Ái hồn;traditional Chinese:Ái hồn;pinyin:Àihuī) to the present Aihui (simplified Chinese:Ái huy;traditional Chinese:Ái huy;pinyin:Àihuī), due to the uncommon nature of the former name's characters.[2]

History

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Main article:Aigun

The area of present-day Aihui has been occupied on-and-off by various Chinese dynasties dating back to theTang dynasty.[2]

Qing dynasty

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To fend off military Russian military forces invading the area,Qing dynastyforces were stationed in present-day Aihui in 1683.[2]

In 1685, the city of Aihui (simplified Chinese:Ái hồn;traditional Chinese:Ái hồn;pinyin:Àihuī) was built on orders from theYamenofHeilongjiang.[2]In the subsequent two centuries since its founding, Aihui served as one of the most important towns of NorthernManchuria.[citation needed]

Following theBoxer Rebellionthe city was briefly occupied by Russia, until 1906, when it was returned to the Qing dynasty.[2]

Republic of China

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In 1913, Aihui incorporated as Aihui County (simplified Chinese:Ái hồn huyện;traditional Chinese:Ái hồn huyện;pinyin:Àihuī Xiàn).[2]

From December 1934 to 1945, the city was ruled by the Japanesepuppet-stateofManchukuo.[2]

On December 11, 1956, was renamed Aihui County (simplified Chinese:Ái huy huyện;traditional Chinese:Ái huy huyện,pronunciation unchanged).[2]On November 15, 1980,HeiheCity was created, and on June 6, 1983, Aihui County was abolished, being merged into the Heihe City.[3]

To further complicate the situation, in 1993 the former Heihe City (a county-level administrative unit) was reorganized intoAihui District(also a county-level unit), while the former Heihe Prefecture (Hắc hà địa khu) became Heihe Prefecture-level City (which consists of Aihui District and a number of counties).[3]This administrative division has been in effect ever since.

Geography

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TheFabiela River[zh]and theGongbiela River[zh]both run through the district.[4]Much of the district is forested, particularly in the west.[4]The primary trees of Aihui District arelarch,red pine,poplar,andbirch.[4]

The district shares a 184.3 kilometres (114.5 mi) border withRussia,and faces the Russian city ofBlagoveshchensk.[5]

Administrative divisions

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Aihui is divided into 4subdistricts,3towns,5townships,3ethnic townships,and 23 othertownship-level divisions.[2][6]

The district's four subdistricts areHuayuan Subdistrict[zh]( hoa viên nhai đạo ),Xing'an Subdistrict[zh]( hưng an nhai đạo ),Hailan Subdistrict[zh]( hải lan nhai đạo ), andXixing Subdistrict[zh]( tây hưng nhai đạo ).[2][6]

The district's three towns areXigangzi[zh]( tây cương tử trấn ),Aihui( ái hồn trấn ), andHandaqi[zh]( hãn đạt khí trấn ).[2][6]

The district's five townships areXingfu Township[zh]( hạnh phúc hương ),Shangmachang Township[zh]( thượng mã hán hương ),Zhangdiyingzi Township[zh]( trương địa doanh tử hương ),Xifengshan Township[zh]( tây phong sơn hương ), andErzhan Township[zh]( nhị trạm hương ).[2][6]

The district's three ethnic townships areSijiazi Manchu Ethnic Township[zh]( tứ gia tử mãn tộc hương,Manchu:ᠰᡟ ᡥᡳᠶᠠ ᠰᡳ᠋ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡠᡴᠰᡠᡵᠠ ᡤᠠᡧᠠᠨ),Kunhe Daur and Manchu Ethnic Township[zh]( khôn hà đạt oát nhĩ tộc mãn tộc hương,Manchu:ᡴᡡᠨ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ ᡩᠠᡥᡡᡵ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡠᡴᠰᡠᡵᠠ ᡤᠠᡧᠠᠨ), andXinsheng Oroqen Ethnic Township[zh]( tân sinh ngạc luân xuân tộc hương ).[2][6]

The district also has 23 other township-level divisions, which include mines, farms, forestry areas, and other similar operations which have township-level status.[2][6]

Demographics

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About 18,500 persons (9.4% of the entire population) belong to ethnic minorities.[3]Aihui is home to 26 different ethnic groups, includingHan Chinese,Manchu,Hui,Daur,Oroqen,Korean,andMongolpopulations.[5]

As of the 1990s, the village ofDawujia(Chinese:Đại ngũ gia tử truân), located in the district, remained one of the few pockets where theManchu languagewas commonly spoken.[7]

Economy

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The district is home to proven reserves of 69 different types of minerals.[5]Provelcoalreserves total 1.1 billion tons, provengoldreserves are 80 tons, provensiliconreserves are 1 million tons, and provenlimestonereserves total 12 million tons.[5]There are also sizable reserves ofmarble,basalt,perlite,andquartz sand.[5]

Transportation

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National Highway 202runs through the district, as does theBei'an-Heihe railway.[4]

References

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  1. ^"2020 niên hắc hà thị đệ thất thứ toàn quốc nhân khẩu phổ tra chủ yếu sổ cư công báo"(in Chinese). Heihe Municipal People's Government. 2021-05-28.
  2. ^abcdefghijklmnopÁi huy khu lịch sử duyên cách[Aihui District Organizational History].www.xzqh.org(in Chinese). 2013-02-21.Archivedfrom the original on 2017-08-21.Retrieved2021-02-10.
  3. ^abcÁi huy khu khái huống(in Chinese (China)). Heihe People's Government. 2007-06-06. Archived fromthe originalon 2012-12-25.Retrieved2009-03-29.
  4. ^abcdÁi huy khu khái huống địa đồ[Aihui District Overview].xzqh.org(in Chinese). 2013-02-21.Archivedfrom the original on 2017-08-17.Retrieved2021-02-10.
  5. ^abcdeÁi huy khu khái huống[Aihui District Overview] (in Chinese). Heihe Municipal People's Government. 2013-03-15.Archivedfrom the original on 2021-02-10.Retrieved2021-02-10.
  6. ^abcdef2020 niên thống kế dụng khu hoa đại mã ( ái huy khu )[2020 Statistical Division Codes (Aihui District)] (in Chinese).National Bureau of Statistics of China.2020.Archivedfrom the original on 2020-11-29.Retrieved2021-02-10.
  7. ^Kane, Daniel (1997)."Language death and language revivalism The case of Manchu".Central Asiatic Journal.41(2): 231–249.ISSN0008-9192.JSTOR41928113– viaJSTOR.
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