Amarindra
| |
|---|---|
| Queen consort of Siam | |
| Tenure | 6 April 1782 –7 September 1809 |
| Born | Princess Nak 15 March 1737 Samut Songkhram,Ayutthaya |
| Died | 25 May 1826(aged 89) Bangkok,Siam |
| Spouse | Phutthayotfa Chulalok(Rama I) |
| Issue |
|
| House | Chakri dynasty |
| Father | Tong |
| Mother | Rupsirisophak Mahanaknari |
| Religion | Theravada Buddhism |
Amarindra(Thai:อมรินทรา,RTGS:Amarinthra,Amarindrā;15 March 1737 – 25 May 1826) was the queen consort of KingPhutthayotfa Chulalok(Rama I), the founder of theChakri dynasty.Her birth name wasNak(นาค). She was a daughter of a wealthyMon[1]fromBang Chang,inSamut Songkhram Province.[2]
Biography[edit]
Nak was born in 1737 to a local patron of Bang Chang named Thong and his wife San.[3]She was then married to Thong Duang theLuang YokkrabatofRatchaburi(futureRama I) around 1760 to avoid being taken as a court lady to KingEkathat.She had three sons and seven daughters by Thong Duang. Her sister, Nuan, was married to Bunnag – the progenitor ofBunnag family.
Thong Duang was granted the titleSomdet Chao Phrayaby KingTaksinin 1776. In 1779, theSomdet Chao Phrayawent on his campaigns againstVientianeand took a daughter of King Suriyavong of Vientiane as his concubine –Kamwaen.Kam Waen becameSomdet Chao Phraya's favorite much to the dismay of Nak. One day, she beat Kam Waen with a wooden stick and Kam Waen ran for theSomdet Chao Phraya.TheSomdet Chao Phrayawas enraged with the incident and threatened to murder Nak with a sword,[4]only with the help of her sonChim(the future Rama II) was Nak able to flee to theThonburi Palaceto live with her daughter Chimyai (concubine to King Taksin).
After the incident, Nak and the king had never came into reconciliation. Lady Nak stayed in the Thonburi Palace with her daughter and, after her daughter's death in 1779, took care of her children including PrinceKasatranuchit.TheSomdet Chao Phrayabecame a monarch in 1782 and most of Taksin's sons were executed except for Prince Kasatranuchit who was his own grandson. Lady Nak and her grandsons moved to her former residence and had never received any royal titles. She occasionally went to theGrand Palaceto visit her daughters.
In 1809, King Rama I died and was succeeded by his son Rama II who raised his mother Nak to the rank of queen –Krom SomdetPhra Amarindramat(Thai:กรมสมเด็จพระอมรินทรามาตย์) the Queen Mother - and moved to the Grand Palace. However, Prince Kasatranuchit was found to be in a rebellion and was executed along with his siblings and sons. She lived to see her grandson crowned asRama IIIand outlived all her children. Queen Amarindra died in 1826.
Queen Amarindra was later raised toSomdet Phra Amarindra Boromma Rajini(Thai:สมเด็จพระอมรินทราบรมราชินี) by KingVajiravudh.
Queen Amarindra had a total ten children with King Rama I; three sons and seven daughters
- A princess (died in Ayutthaya period)
- A prince (died in Ayutthaya period)
- Princess Chimyai (?–1779) royal concubine to King Taksin
- Prince Chim(1767–1824) The Prince Isarasundhorn, The Viceroy of His Majesty KingRama I
- Princess Chaem (1770–1808) The Princess Sisunthornthep
- A princess (died in Thonburi period)
- Prince Chui (1773–1817) The PrinceSenanurakThe Viceroy of His Majesty KingRama II
- A princess (died in Thonburi period)
- A princess (died in Thonburi period)
- Princess Prapaiwadi (1777–1823) The Princess Thepayawadi
Ancestry[edit]
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References[edit]
- ^(in Thai)เหตุที่มอญอพยพArchived7 February 2012 at theWayback Machine;Mon wives and mothers of kingsArchived25 February 2008 at theWayback Machine
- ^Peerapun, Wannasilpa; Silaphacharanan, Siriwan; Sachakul, Vira (2006)."The Conservation of Cultural Heritage Along Amphawa Canal, Samut Songkhram Province".Manusya.9(4): 58–73.doi:10.1163/26659077-00904005.ISSN0859-9920.
- ^パイタヤーワット, ヤーニニー (September 2018)."The Change from Traditional Nobleman to Modern Bureaucrat in Thailand: A Case Study of the Saeng-Xuto Family".アジア thái bình dương nghiên cứu khoa luận tập.36:1–13.
- ^Pramoj (M.R.), Kukrit (1991).Khrōngkradūk nai tū(in Thai). Samnakphim Sayāmrat.
External links[edit]
- THE RATTANAKOSIN PERIOD
- Queens and main Consorts of the Chakri DynastyArchived14 July 2006 at theWayback Machine
- Steeped in traditionArchived27 February 2017 at theWayback Machine
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Princess consortsand royalconcubinesare in italics. The others arequeen consorts. | ||