Atypical SLCs
This articlemay be too technical for most readers to understand.(August 2017) |
Atypical Solute Carrier Families(Atypical SLCs) are novel plausible secondary active or facilitative transporter proteins that share ancestral background with the knownsolute carrier families (SLCs).However, they have not been assigned a name according to the SLC root system, or been classified into any of the existing SLC families.[1][2]
Atypical major facilitator superfamily transport families
[edit]Most atypical SLCs arefamilieswithin themajor facilitator superfamily(MFS).[3]These atypical SLCs are plausible secondary active or facilitative transporter proteins that share ancestry with the knownsolute carriers.[1][2][4]They are, however, not named according to the SLC root system, or classified into any of the existing SLC families.[1]ATMFs are categorised based on their sequence similarity and phylogenetic closeness.[3]
AMTF | Family members | SLC family |
---|---|---|
AMTF1 | MFSD9, MFSD10, MFSD14A, MFSD14B | SLC46 |
AMTF2 | MFSD8 | |
AMTF3 | MFSD4A, MFSD4B | |
AMTF4 | CLN3 | |
AMTF5 | MFSD7 | SLC49 |
AMTF6 | MFSD1, MFSD5 | |
AMTF7 | MFSD12 | |
AMTF8 | MFSD2A, MFSD2B | |
AMTF9 | SV2A, SV2B, SV2C, SVOP, SVOPL | SLC22 |
AMTF10 | MFSD11, UNC93A, UNC93B1 | |
AMTF11 | SPNS1, SPNS2, SPNS3 | |
AMTF12 | MFSD13A | |
AMTF13 | MFSD6 | |
AMTF14 | MFSD6L | |
AMTF15 | MFSD3 |
Some Atypical SLC of MFS type are:OCA2,CLN3,SPNS1,SPNS2,SPNS3,SV2A,SV2B,SV2C, SVOP, SVOPL,MFSD1,MFSD2A,MFSD2B,MFSD3,MFSD4A,[5]MFSD4B,MFSD5,MFSD6, MFSD6L,MFSD8,MFSD9,[5]MFSD10,MFSD11,MFSD12, MFSD13A,MFSD14A,MFSD14B,UNC93A[6]andUNC93B1.All these are atypical SLCs found within theMajor facilitator superfamily.Also TMEM104 (APC clan), OCA2 (IT clan) and CLN3 (having no clan) are atypical SLCs in humans.[7][8][9]
Non-MFS transport families
[edit]Although most atypical SLCs are from the major facilitator superfamily, there are exceptions: TMEM104 (APC superfamily), OCA2 (IT superfamily) and CLN3 (unknown superfamily).[1]
References
[edit]- ^abcdPerland E, Fredriksson R (March 2017). "Classification Systems of Secondary Active Transporters".Trends in Pharmacological Sciences.38(3): 305–315.doi:10.1016/j.tips.2016.11.008.PMID27939446.
- ^abSreedharan S, Stephansson O, Schiöth HB, Fredriksson R (June 2011). "Long evolutionary conservation and considerable tissue specificity of several atypical solute carrier transporters".Gene.478(1–2): 11–18.doi:10.1016/j.gene.2010.10.011.PMID21044875.
- ^abPerland E, Bagchi S, Klaesson A, Fredriksson R (September 2017)."Characteristics of 29 novel atypical solute carriers of major facilitator superfamily type: evolutionary conservation, predicted structure and neuronal co-expression".Open Biology.7(9): 170142.doi:10.1098/rsob.170142.PMC5627054.PMID28878041.
- ^Höglund PJ, Nordström KJ, Schiöth HB, Fredriksson R (April 2011)."The solute carrier families have a remarkably long evolutionary history with the majority of the human families present before divergence of Bilaterian species".Molecular Biology and Evolution.28(4): 1531–1541.doi:10.1093/molbev/msq350.PMC3058773.PMID21186191.
- ^abPerland E, Hellsten SV, Schweizer N, Arapi V, Rezayee F, Bushra M, Fredriksson R (2017)."Structural prediction of two novel human atypical SLC transporters, MFSD4A and MFSD9, and their neuroanatomical distribution in mice".PLOS ONE.12(10): e0186325.Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1286325P.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0186325.PMC5648162.PMID29049335.
- ^Ceder MM, Lekholm E, Hellsten SV, Perland E, Fredriksson R (2017)."The Neuronal and Peripheral Expressed Membrane-Bound UNC93A Respond to Nutrient Availability in Mice".Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience.10:351.doi:10.3389/fnmol.2017.00351.PMC5671512.PMID29163028.
- ^"TMEM104 transmembrane protein 104 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI".www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.Retrieved2022-03-14.
- ^"OCA2 OCA2 melanosomal transmembrane protein [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI".www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.Retrieved2022-03-14.
- ^"CLN3 CLN3 lysosomal/endosomal transmembrane protein, battenin [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI".www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.Retrieved2022-03-14.