Audefroi le Bastart
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Audefroi le Bastart(modern FrenchBâtard) was aFrenchtrouvèrefromArtois,who flourished in the early thirteenth century.
Little is known about Audefroi's life beyond what can be inferred from his work. Two songs mention Jehan de Nesle, whichTheodore Karpsuggests dates them before 1200 when Jehan joined theFourth Crusade.[1]Song 5 (Com esbahis) is addressed in itsenvoyto the Lord ofHarnes,a town almost midway betweenArrasandLille.Given Audefroi's potential dates, this could be Michel de Harnes, the so-called 'knight-trouvère', who features inGuillaume de DolebyJean Renart.[2]Michel also joined the Fourth Crusade.[3]The first stanza of another song (RS77) is interpolated into theRoman de la violette(c.1225) byGerbert de Montreuil.Karp suggests he is a native ofPicardy,near the Artois border. Theregistreof thepuy d'Arrasnotes the death of Audefroi's wife.[4]
Audefroi was the author of tenchansons d'amour,mainly found in thechansonnier du roi(Bibliothèque nationale de France, fr. 844 =TrouvM) and thechansonnier de Noailles(Bibliothèque nationale de France, fr. 12615 =TrouvT) and six narrative songs which modern scholars termchansons de toileor romances.[5]A few of the chansons occur in other sources: RS223 is inTrouvO(F-Pn fr.846) and with empty staves inTrouvC(CH-BEb 389); RS1436 is inTrouvR(F-Pn fr. 1591). The songs appear in the same order in both TrouvM and TrouvT, although in a different order in the index of the former. TrouvT lacks the last three of the six romances/chansons de toile. Three of the romances are in TrouvC and two inTrouvU(F-Pn fr.20050).
Works
[edit]RS numbers given according to the number standard catalogue.[6]The order of the songs is that in the two main manuscripts and, for thechansons d'amoursthe edition by Cullman.[7]
Chansons d'amours
[edit]- 1. Quant voi le tens verdir et blanchoier (RS1260)
- 2. Tant ai esté pensis ireement (RS688)
- 3. Bien doi faire mon chant öir (RS1436)
- 4. Pour travail ne pour paine (RS139)
- 5. Com esbahis (RS1534a=729)
- 6. Fine amour et esperance (RS223)
- 7. Amours, de cui j'esmuef mon chant (RS311)
- 8. Onques ne seu chanter (RS831)
- 9. Ne sai mès en quel guise (RS1628)
- 10. Destrois, pensis, en esmai (RS77)
So-calledchansons de toile
[edit]- 11. Bele Ysabiaus, pucele bien aprise (RS1616)
- 12. Bele Idoine se siet desous la verde olive (RS1654)
- 13. En chambre a or se siet la bele Beatris (RS1525)
- 14. En nouvel tens Pascour que florist l'aubespine (RS1378)
- 15. En l'ombre d'un vergier (RS1320); this is a dialogue with a lamenting knight so is often omitted from collections of chansons de toile.
- 16. Bele Emmelos es prés desous l'arbroie (RS1688)
Bibliography
[edit]Cullman, A. ed.,Die Lieder und Romanzen des Audefroi le Bastard(Halle, 1914). Reprinted Geneva: Slatkine, 1974.
Mainini, Lorenzo, ed.,Chansons de toile: Canzoni lirico-narrative in figura di donna(Rome, 2019).
Zink, M.'Belle': essai sur les chansons de toile (Paris, 1978).
References
[edit]- ^See Karp, Theodore, 'Audefroi le Bastart' inGrove Music Online
- ^Seehttp://www.mikesclark.com/genealogy/michel.html
- ^See Warlop, Ernest (1975),The Flemish Nobility before 1300(G. Desmet-Huysman, Kortrijk), 2 parts in 4 volumes.
- ^See Karp, op.cit.
- ^See Zink, Michel:'Belle': essai sur les chansons de toile(Paris, 1978), which includes editions, translations, and music edited by G. Le Vot.
- ^Spanke, Hans.G. Raynaud’s Bibliographie des altfranzösische Liedes, neu bearbeitet und ergänzt.Leiden: Brill, 1955.
- ^Oddly, Cullman places the odd one out (RS1320, which does not feature a woman weaving) first rather than fifth, so has a different order for what he terms 'Die Romanzen'.
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