Ayaz Ata
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| Similar entities | Ded Moroz,Santa Claus,Sinterklaas,Amu Nowruz |
|---|---|
| Folklore | Turkic |
| Other name(s) | Ayaz Baba, Şaxta Baba, Chyskhaan, Kysh Babay |
| Region | Central Asia,North Asia,Caucasus,Volga Region,Anatolia |
| Habitat | Central Asia,North Asia,Volga Region |
Ayaz Ata(Uzbek:Ayoz Bobo,Kyrgyz:Аяз ата,Kazakh:Аyaz Ata,Turkmen:Aýaz Baba,Bashkir:Ҡыш Бабай,Tatar:Кыш бабай,Azerbaijani:Şaxta Baba,Yakut:Чысхаан) is a winter god originating fromTengrism[1]and a fictional tale character that it represents who is basically a more Turkic version ofSanta ClausorDed Moroz.
In Mythology
[edit]The literal translation of the name would beFrost Father,although the name is often translated asGrandfather Frost.He's the winter god in Tengrism and according toTurkic mythologyis created of Moon light, caused by cold weather and associated with bringing snow, protecting people from too cold weather and "waking the nature up from its sleep".[2]
Features
[edit]Literary depictions of Ayaz Ata commonly show him accompanied byKar Kız(Tatar:Кар КызыorQar Qızımeans "Snow Girl" or "Snow Maiden" ), his granddaughter and helper, sometimes with influence ofSlavicSnegurochka,[3]who is often depicted in long silver-blue robes and a furry cap or a snowflake-like crown. She is a unique attribute of Ayaz Ata because no traditional gift-givers from other cultures, besidesDed Moroz,are portrayed with a similar companion.
Versions
[edit]Azerbaijan
[edit]InAzerbaijani,Ayaz Ata is known asŞaxta Baba(English:Grandfather Frost) and his companion grandchild is known asQar Qızı,who Şaxta Baba brings gifts to children atNew Year's Evewith together. Every December, actors playing Şaxta Baba and Qar Qızı stand next to aChristmas tree(Azerbaijani:YolkaorYeni il ağacı) atBaku Boulevardand other attractions in Baku, giving away presents to and taking pictures with children. Since 2014 however, every actor needs a license costing up to $75.[4][5]
Bashkortostan and Tatarstan
[edit]InBashkirandTatar,Ayaz Ata is known asҠыш бабай/Кыш бабай(Qïş babay/Kïş babay,literally:WinterFather), and his granddaughter is asҠарһылыу(Qarhïlïw,Snow beauty).[6][7][8]
Yakutia
[edit]Chyskhaan(Yakut:Чысхаан,romanized:Chyskhaan) is known as the master of cold, accompanied by the snow maidenKhaarchana(Yakut:Харчаана,romanized:Kharchaana) inYakutia.He is very similar to Ded Moroz, however a more "East Asian" version of him.[9][10][11]
Central Asia
[edit]Аяз Ата(Ayaz Ata) is the same term used in bothKazakhandKyrgyz,while theUzbeksandTurkmensuseAyoz Bobo/Aýaz Baba,replacing the word for father with grandfather. The term for Snow girl however is different in all 4 languages (Kazakh:Aqşaqar,Kyrgyz:Аяз кыз,romanized:Ayaz kyz,Uzbek:Qorqiz,Turkmen:Gar gyz)
References
[edit]- ^Türk Söylence Sözlüğü (Turkish Mythology Dictionary), Deniz Karakurt,(OTRS: CC BY-SA 3.0)
- ^"Weihnachtsmann-Santa Claus oder AYAZ ATA?".prezi.com.Retrieved2024-09-06.
- ^"Snegurochka: The Snow Maiden in Russian Culture by Kerry Kubilius".About.com. Archived fromthe originalon 2017-03-24.Retrieved2010-11-26.
- ^modern.az.""Bulvarda Şaxta baba və Qar qız olmaq istəyən lisenziya almalıdır" - Bulvar İdarəsi ".modern.az(in Azerbaijani).Retrieved2024-09-06.
- ^https://eurasianet.org/santa-claus-cousin-ded-moroz-needs-a-license-in-baku
- ^Wiktionary -Ҡарһылыу
- ^Wikisource,Ҡарһылыу (хикәйә)- Йыһат Солтанов
- ^Кар кызы (хикәя)Яңарыш газетасы (Yanarysh journal)ArchivedOctober 17, 2013, at theWayback Machine,Ринат Батталов, 29 декабрь 2012 ел
- ^"The Official Karelia Website".Archived fromthe originalon 2018-01-07.Retrieved2013-09-12.
- ^Как зовут Деда Мороза в разных странах?Якутии – ЧисханArchived2016-03-07 at theWayback Machine
- ^Стрела; Дед Мороз и все-все-всеЯкутия - Чисхан