Ayazma Mosque
| Ayazma Mosque | |
|---|---|
Ayazma Camii | |
 | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Islam |
| Location | |
| Location | Üsküdar,Istanbul,Turkey |
  Shown within Istanbul | |
| Geographic coordinates | 41°01′21.5″N29°0′31.6″E/ 41.022639°N 29.008778°E |
| Architecture | |
| Architect(s) | Mehmed Tahir |
| Type | Mosque |
| Style | Ottoman Baroque |
| Groundbreaking | 1757–1758 |
| Completed | 1760–1761 |
| Specifications | |
| Minaret(s) | 1 |
| Materials | cut stone |
TheAyazma Mosque(Turkish:Ayazma Camii) is a mosque in the neighbourhood ofÜsküdarinIstanbul,Turkey.It stands on a hillside overlooking theBosphorus.It was commissioned byOttomanSultanMustafa IIIand built between 1757 and 1761. It is an example of theOttoman Baroque stylethat was prevalent in the 18th century.
Historical background
[edit]SultanMustafa III (r. 1757–1774), successor ofOsman IIand a son ofAhmed III,engaged in many building activities during his long reign that perpetuated the Ottoman Baroque style introduced underMahmud I.[1]The Ayazma Mosque was his first foundation and was built in honour of his mother,Mihrişah Kadın.Construction began in 1757–1758 and finished in 1760–1761.[2][3]The identity of the architect is unconfirmed, but current scholarly opinion suggests it was Mehmed Tahir, who was subsequently the chief imperial architect from 1761 to 1784.[4]Mustafa III later went on to commission theLaleli Mosque,a larger imperial mosque complex in theFatihdistrict of Istanbul.[5]In August 2022 the Ayazma Mosque reopened for prayer after a lengthy restoration.[6]
Architecture
[edit]In form, the Ayazma Mosque is essentially a smaller version of theNuruosmaniye Mosque,signalling the importance of the Nuruosmaniye as a new model for Ottoman architects to emulate.[7]The main structure is a single-domed prayer hall, flanked on the outside by aminaret.The mosque is richly decorated with Baroque carved stonework, especially in themihrabandminbar.[8]While the mosque is smaller than the Nuruosmaniye, it is relatively tall for its proportions, enhancing its sense of height. This trend towards height was pursued in later mosques such as theNusretiye Mosque.[9]The Ayazma Mosque differs from others mainly in the unique arrangement of its front façade, which consists of a five-arched portico reached by a wide semi-circular staircase.[10][7]This arrangement is similar to a much smaller contemporary mosque built inAydınin 1756, the Cihanoğlu Mosque.[2]
One detail of the Ayazma Mosque that reflects a popular trend in the 18th century is the presence of several small stone birdhouses carved on the exterior. Such birdhouses had appeared in the preceding century but in the Baroque period they became more ornate and were commonly attached to the exteriors of both religious and civil buildings.[11]
- Details of the mosque
-
Front portico of the mosque -
Exterior details on the side of the mosque -
One of the stone-carved birdhouses attached to the outside of the mosque -
The imperial pavilion, an attached lounge and entrance reserved for the sultan -
The historical plaque at the entrance to the mosque -
-
Interior view of the dome -
Interior, looking back towards the entrance, with thesultan's logeon the right -
The mihrab -
![Grisaille paintwork (above) inside the mosque, likely dating from a 19th-century repainting of the decoration[12]](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Istanbul_Ayazma_Mosque_view_looking_up_3358.jpg/80px-Istanbul_Ayazma_Mosque_view_looking_up_3358.jpg)
![Grisaille paintwork (above) inside the mosque, likely dating from a 19th-century repainting of the decoration[12]](/translate/en.wikipedia.org?u=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFile%3AIstanbul_Ayazma_Mosque_view_looking_up_3358.jpg&t=hv)
See also
[edit]References
[edit]
Citations
[edit]- ^Kuban 2010,p. 537.
- ^abGoodwin 1971,p. 387.
- ^Rüstem 2019,p. 172.
- ^Rüstem 2019,pp. 174, 186.
- ^Rüstem 2019.
- ^"Restore edilen Ayazma Camii ibadete açıldı".www.trthaber.com(in Turkish).Retrieved2022-09-04.
- ^abRüstem 2019,p. 174.
- ^Rüstem 2019,p. 176.
- ^Goodwin 1971,pp. 387, 418.
- ^Kuban 2010,p. 543.
- ^Ekinci, Ekrem Buğra (2016-10-21)."Birdhouses: Miniature mansions of Istanbul".Daily Sabah.Retrieved2021-09-21.
- ^Bağcı 2002,p. 758.
Bibliography
[edit]- Bağcı, Serpil (2002). "Painted Decoration in Ottoman Architecture". In Inalcık, Halil; Renda, Günsel (eds.).Ottoman Civilization.Vol. 2. Ankara: Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Culture. pp. 737–759.ISBN9751730732.
- Goodwin, Godfrey (1971).A History of Ottoman Architecture.Thames & Hudson.ISBN0-500-27429-0.
- Kuban, Doğan (2010).Ottoman Architecture.Translated by Mill, Adair. Antique Collectors' Club.ISBN9781851496044.
- Rüstem, Ünver (2019).Ottoman Baroque: The Architectural Refashioning of Eighteenth-Century Istanbul.Princeton University Press.ISBN9780691181875.
