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Budaun

Coordinates:28°03′N79°07′E/ 28.05°N 79.12°E/28.05; 79.12
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Budaun
City
Bhamashah Chowk, Budaun
Bhamashah Chowk, Budaun
Budaun is located in Uttar Pradesh
Budaun
Budaun
Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
Coordinates:28°03′N79°07′E/ 28.05°N 79.12°E/28.05; 79.12
CountryIndia
StateUttar Pradesh
RegionRohilkhand
DivisionBareilly
DistrictBudaun
Settled905AD (Modern City), 220BC (Ancient City)
Named forPrince Budh
Government
• BodyBudaun Municipal Council
• ChairmanFatma Raza
•MPAditya Yadav
•MLAMahesh Chandra Gupta
Area
• Total81 km2(31 sq mi)
Elevation
164 m (538 ft)
Population
(2011)[1]
• Total159,221
• Rank17
• Density5,489/km2(14,220/sq mi)
DemonymBadayuni
Languages
• OfficialHindi,Urdu,English
Time zoneUTC+5:30(IST)
PIN
243601
Telephone code05832
ISO 3166 codeIN-UP-BD
Vehicle registrationUP-24
Coastline0 kilometres (0 mi)
Sex ratio907 female/1000 male
Literacy73.00%
Civic agencyBudaun Development Authority
Governing bodyGovernment of UP
Government of India
ClimateHS-TH(Köppen)
Precipitation843 millimetres (33.2 in)
Avg. annual temperature27.5 °C (81.5 °F)
Avg. summer temperature39.8 °C (103.6 °F)
Avg. winter temperature11.5 °C (52.7 °F)
Websitewww.badaun.nic.in
Also known as 'City of Saints' or 'Madinat ul Awliya', famous for its Pedas, 'Mentha City' of India.

Budaun(romanised:Badāʾūn or Badāyūn, pronouncedbədaːjuː) is a medieval city and headquarters ofBudaun district,[2]in theIndianstate ofUttar Pradesh.It is located about a mile east of theSot river,and 27 km north of theGanges,[3]in theRohilkhandregion of Uttar Pradesh.According to the2011 census,it has a population of 159,221, which is projected at 161,555 at present.[4]Budaun rose to historical importance as the capital of theDelhi Sultanatefor four years from 1210 CE to 1214 CE during the reign ofSultanIltutmish.It was the most important post of Northern Frontier duringMughalreign. Budaun is a big market, historically famous and religiously important city. Budaun is 230 km south-east ofNew Delhiand 245 km north-west of Lucknow, both taking about 6 hours by road.[5]

Etymology and archaeology

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Prof. Goti John referred this city was namedBedamoothin an ancient inscription based on stone scripts at theLucknow Museum.Later this region was calledPanchal.According to the lines on stone scripts there was a villageBhadaunlaknear the city. The Muslim historian Roz Khan Lodhi said thatAshoka The Greatbuilt a Buddh Vihar andQuila;he named itBuddhMau(Budaun Fort). According to George Smith, Budaun was named after theAhirprince Budh.[6][7]

Recent Archaeology- Though it is an ancient as well as archaeological-rich city yet it do not get much more importance in terms of archaeology. Recently, in a village in Budaun known as Kheda Jalalpur village, fragments of Hindu temple idols, ancient bricks have been recovered from the mound of that village. According to theASI,these remains belong to the post-Gupta period(7th-8th century).

History

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According to the (Budaun District, Govt. Of Uttar Pradesh) mythological stories, Budaun was named afterAhirprince Budh.[8]The local tradition regarding this city is that it was founded in 905 A.D. by anAhirprince whose name was Budh. and after whom it was called Budaun.[9]and an inscription, probably of the 12th century, gives a list of twelveRathorekings reigning at Budaun then called Vodamāyuta.[10]Kanauj was conquered after 1085 by Mahmūd, the son of the Ghaznavid Sultān, driving out the Rāshtrakūta chief. This the Rāshtrakūta chief then move their capital to Vodamāyuta, where they ruled until conquered byQutb-ud-din Aibak.[11]

Mission House of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Budaun (1895)

The first authentic historical event connected with it, however, was its capture by Qutb-ud-din Aibak in 1196, after which it became a very important post on the northern frontier of theDelhiempire. In 1223, amosqueof imposing size, crowned with a dome, was built. In the 13th century two of its governors, Shams-ud-din Iltutmish, the builder of the mosque referred above, and his sonRukn ud din Firuz,attained the imperial throne. In 1571 the town was burnt, and about a hundred years later, underShah Jahan,the seat of the governorship was transferred to Sahaspur-Bilari. Budaun and its district was ceded to the British government in 1801 by theNawabofOudh.[10]

In 1911, Budaun was a town and district ofBritishIndia, in theRohilkhanddivision of theUnited Provinces.At the time, an American Methodist mission maintained several girls schools and there was a high school for boys.[10]

Politics

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Aditya Yadavis the MP of the Budaun Constituency and is the son ofShivpal Singh Yadav.Budaun has large population ofAhirswhich according to British historian Matthew Atmore Sherring came fromHansiandHisarwhich is inHaryana.[12]

Demographics

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Religions in Budaun City (2011)[13]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 55.15%
Islam
 
 43.94%
Christianity
 
 0.62%
Sikhism
 
 0.21%
Others†
 
 0.08%
Distribution of religions

As of 2011census, Budaun City had a population of 159,221 (83,475 male 75,746 female = 1000/907), 39,613 (12.3%) of whom were aged 0–6. The adult literacy rate was 73.%. The widely spoken language in the city is Hindi and Awadhi. The sex ratio of Budaun city is 907 per 1000 males. Child sex ratio of girls is 882 per 1000 boys. The area of the city is 81 square km. Budaun Metro Area have a population of around 417000[citation needed]and an area of 103 km2(40 sq mi) With Badaun City, it includes Shekhupur, Bahedi, Islamganj, Chandanpur, Salarpur, Salarpur Industrial Estate, Shekhupur Firing Range, Padauna and Khera Buzurg. [1][14]

Tourism

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Budaun is considered to be of immense religious significance among both Hindus and Muslims. At the first glance, with its dusty avenues and sleepy streets, it seems nothing more than a secluded small town. But there are numerous ruins and monuments that reveal many legends from its past. Casting a nostalgic charm, Budaun transports visitors to an era of mighty rulers and mystic Sufi saints like Nizamuddin Auliya - a Sufi saint. Adding to its allure is an aura of spirituality throughout the town.[15]Budaun is home to a number of ruins that can be traced back to the Mughal era. The Budaun Fort and the iconic clock tower Ghanta Ghar, are among the prominent attractions, as are the tombs of rulers such asIltutmishand Ala-ud-Dīn Alam Shah, who was the last ruler of the Sayyid dynasty. The 13th centuryJama Masjid,which was built by Iltutmish and the Qadri Dargah are among the popular shrines in Budaun. Budaun also hosts the ancientGauri Shankar Templededicated to Hindu god Shiva, it is India's first rasling[16]a Shivling made by amalgamation of liquid mercury and gold.

Education

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Budaun Medical College

Higher Education institutions in the city include the Government Degree College, Government Girls Degree College and NMNS Dass College,[17]all affiliated toMahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University,Bareilly.TheBudaun Medical College,a full-fledged tertiary government Medical college and hospital was established in 2019. The college is affiliated with theAtal Bihari Vajpayee Medical University,Lucknowand is recognized by theNational Medical Commission.[18]

Transport

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Budaun railway station

Badaun is well connected with the rest of the state through roads and rail services, however the city lacks an airport. The nearest airport is theBareilly Airport– acivil enclaveat theIndian Air Force's 'Trishul Air Base' inIzzatnagarneighborhood ofBareilly,which is located at a distance of 60 kilometres (37 mi) from the city. TheIndira Gandhi International Airport,located inDelhiis the nearest International Airport.

TheBudaun railway stationis the primary railway station serving the city. Budaun is a Category-'NSG 05' station of theIndian Railways,[19]and is located on the Bareilly-Kasganj Rail line under theIzzatnagar railway divisionof theNorth Eastern Railway zone.Train Services in Budaun were startes after the completion of the 63 miles (101 km) longKasganj Extension Linefrom Bareilly toSoronin 1885 by theRohilkund and Kumaon Railway.[20]

TheNational Highway 530Bpasses through the city and connects it withBareillyandMathura.[21]A number ofState Highwaysalso pass through the city.[22]Prominent among them are the UP State Highway 18, connecting Budaun withMeerut,UP State Highway 43, connecting Budaun withMoradabad&Farrukhabadand UP State Highway 51, which connects Budaun withGajraula&Bijnor.Inter-city bus services to and from the city are operated from the Budaun bus station by theUttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporationand private operators. The Budaun bus station as well as the Budaun Depot come under the Bareilly region of UPSRTC.[23][24]

Notable people

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ab"Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above"(PDF).Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011.Retrieved7 July2012.
  2. ^"Budaun District: Census 2011 data".Indian Census 2011.Retrieved17 January2014.
  3. ^"Nic Budaun Welcomes You".Archived fromthe originalon 21 July 2011.Retrieved21 October2011.
  4. ^World Population Review."Population of Cities in India 2023".
  5. ^"Distance between New Delhi and Badaun, New Delhi to Badaun Distance".
  6. ^George Smith (1882).The student's geography of India: the geography of British India: political and physical.John Murray. pp. 223–.Retrieved17 February2012.
  7. ^"अहीर राजा बुद्ध की नगरी में दूध के लिए मारामारी".
  8. ^District Budaun Government of Uttar Pradeshhttps://budaun.nic.in/hi/%e0%a4%9c%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%b2%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a8%e0%a4%9a%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0/
  9. ^Museum, Indian; Anderson, John (1883).Catalogue and Hand-book of the Archaeological Collections in the Indian Museum.order of the trustees.
  10. ^abcChisholm, Hugh,ed. (1911)."Budaun".Encyclopædia Britannica.Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 737.
  11. ^Majumdar, Ramesh Chandra (1977).Ancient India.Motilal Banarsidass. p. 315.ISBN9788120804364.Retrieved23 May2017.
  12. ^Sherring, Matthew Atmore (1872).Hindu Tribes and Castes.Thacker, Spink & Company. p.237.Ahirs.
  13. ^"Budaun City Population Census 2011".Census 2011 India.Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India.Retrieved29 November2015.
  14. ^"Untitled Page".
  15. ^"Budaun Tourism, Budaun Travel Guide - Cleartrip".
  16. ^"गौरीशंकर मंदिर में है देश का इकलौता रसलिंग".Dainik Jagran(in Hindi).Retrieved23 September2022.
  17. ^"Colleges/Universities | District Budaun Government Of Uttar Pradesh | India".Retrieved21 January2024.
  18. ^"List of Colleges, National Medical Commission".
  19. ^"Number of stations - NER"(PDF).Retrieved21 January2024.
  20. ^"Administration Report on the Railways in India – corrected up to 31st March 1918"; Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta; page 196;Retrieved 8 December 2016
  21. ^"खुशखबरी: एनएच-530बी के नाम से जानिए अब मथुरा-बरेली मार्ग".Dainik Jagran(in Hindi).Retrieved18 April2021.
  22. ^Public Works Department."Complete Road_Detail's_SH"(PDF).Government of Uttar Pradesh.Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 11 June 2016.Retrieved23 October2015.
  23. ^"Services | Depot & Bus Stations | Official Website of Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation, Government of Uttar Pradesh, India".www.upsrtc.com.Archived fromthe originalon 21 June 2021.Retrieved6 June2021.
  24. ^"About us | Organisation Structure | Official Website of Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation, Government of Uttar Pradesh, India".www.upsrtc.com.Archived fromthe originalon 21 June 2021.Retrieved6 June2021.
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