Bayandur (tribe)
Bayındır | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Iran,Azerbaijan,Turkey,Turkmenistan | |
| Languages | |
| Oghuz Turkic | |
| Religion | |
| Islam | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Oghuz Turks |
TheBayandur(Azerbaijani:Bayandur,Turkish:Bayındır,Turkmen:Baýyndyr) orBayundur,is anOghuz Turkictribe. Originally one of the 7 original tribes that made up theKimek–Kipchak confederation,they later joined the Oghuz Turks.[1]The Bayandur originated fromCentral Asia.
History
[edit]
The Bayandur are known from Arab and Persian sources.[2]
The Bayandur was one of the 7 original tribes that made up the Kimek confederation, along with the Imur[3]/Imi,[4]Imak[3][4]Tatar,Kipchak,LanikazandAjlad.[5]The Kimek tribes originated in the Central Asian steppes, and had migrated to the territory of present-dayKazakhstan.[3]The Bayandur, as part of the Kimek, were mentioned byGardizi.[6]
The Bayandur left the Kimek and joined theOghuz.After disintegrating, half of the tribe united with theKipchaks.[1]While part of the Oghuz, they were mentioned byKashgari.[6]They were described in the Russian Annals on 11th-century events while part of the Kipchaks.[2]
Aq Qoyunlu
[edit]
TheAq Qoyunluwas referred to asBayanduriyyein Iranian[7][8]and Ottoman sources.[9]Their Sultans claimed descent from Bayindir Khan, which was a grandson ofOghuz Khagan,the legendary ancestor ofOghuz Turks.[10]
Professor G. L. Lewis:[11]
The Ak-koyunlu Sultans claimed descent from Bayindir Khan and it is likely, on the face of it, that the Book of Dede Korkut was composed under their patronage. The snag about this is that in the Ak-koyunlu genealogy Bayindir's father is named as Gok ('Sky') Khan, son of the eponymous Oghuz Khan, whereas in our book he is named as Kam Ghan, a name otherwise unknown. In default of any better explanation, I therefore incline to the belief that the book was composed before Ak-koyunlu rulers had decided who their ancestors where. It was in 1403 that they ceased to be tribal chiefs and became Sultans, so we may assume that their official genealogy was formulated round about that date.
Uzun Hasanused to assert the claim that he was an "honorable descendant of Oghuz Khan and his grandson, Bayandur Khan". In a letter dating to the year 1470, which was sent toŞehzade Bayezid,the-then governor ofAmasya,Uzun Hasan wrote that those from the Bayandur andBayattribes, as well as other tribes that belonged to the "Oghuz il", and formerly inhabitedMangyshlak,KhwarazmandTurkestan,came and served in his court. He also made the tamga of the Bayandur tribe the symbol of his state. For this reason, the Bayandur tamga is found in Aq Qoyunlu coins, their official documents, inscriptions and flags.[12]
Bayundur today
[edit]Today inTurkmenistan,there is a village calledBaýyndyroýin theKonye-Urgenchdistrict of theDaşoguz Regionand a spring calledBagandarinMagtymguly Districtof theBalkan Region.There are alsourugs (small clans) calledBaýyndyramong theTurkmen tribesofGökleňandÇandyr.[13]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^abElena Vladimirovna Boĭkova; R. B. Rybakov (2006).Kinship in the Altaic World: Proceedings of the 48th Permanent International Altaistic Conference, Moscow 10-15 July, 2005.Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 54–.ISBN978-3-447-05416-4.
- ^abPletneva 1990.
- ^abcAgajanov 1992,p. 69.
- ^abKimball 1994.
- ^SeeAgajanov 1992,p. 69 andKimball 1994
- ^abBosworth 2017.
- ^Seyfettin Erşahin (2002).Akkoyunlular: siyasal, kültürel, ekonomik ve sosyal tarih(in Turkish). p. 317.
- ^Faruk Sümer."Akkoyunlular"(in Turkish). TDV Islam Ansiklopedisi.
- ^International Journal of Turkish Studies - Volumes 4-5.University of Wisconsin. 1987. p. 272.
- ^Cornell H. Fleischer (1986).Bureaucrat and intellectual in the Ottoman Empire.p. 287.
- ^H. B. Paksoy (1989).Alpamysh: Central Asian Identity Under Russian Rule.p. 84.
- ^Faruk Sümer (1988–2016)."UZUN HASAN (ö. 882/1478) Akkoyunlu hükümdarı (1452-1478).".TDV Encyclopedia of Islam(44+2 vols.)(in Turkish). Istanbul:Turkiye Diyanet Foundation,Centre for Islamic Studies.
- ^Ataniyazov, S.The Genealogy of the Turkmens(in Turkmen). Turan-1 Publishing House, Ashgabat, 1994. p. 61
Sources
[edit]- Agajanov, S. G. (1992)."The States of the Oghuz, the Kimek and the Kipchak".History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Volume IV: The Age of Achievement AD 750 to the End of the Fifteenth Century.Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 61–76.ISBN978-81-208-1595-7.
- Bosworth, C. Edmund (15 May 2017).The Turks in the Early Islamic World.Taylor & Francis. pp. 192–.ISBN978-1-351-88087-9.
- Kimball, L. (1994).The Vanished Kimak Empire.Western Washington U. pp. 371–373.
- Pletneva, S.A. (1990).Kipchaks.Moscow: Nauka. p. 74.ISBN5-02-009542-7.