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This article is about the 15th Philippine president. For other people of the same name, seeBenigno Aquino.
"PNoy" redirects here. Not to be confused withPinoy.

In thisPhilippine name,themiddle nameor maternalfamily nameisCojuangcoand the surname or paternal family name isAquino.

His Excellency
Benigno S. Aquino III
KGCR
Official portrait, 2010
15thPresident of the Philippines
In office
June 30, 2010 – June 30, 2016
Vice PresidentJejomar Binay
Preceded byGloria Macapagal Arroyo
Succeeded byRodrigo Duterte
Secretary of the Interior and Local Government
In office
June 30, 2010 – July 9, 2010
Preceded byRonaldo Puno
Succeeded byJesse Robredo
Senator of the Philippines
In office
June 30, 2007 – June 30, 2010
Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines
In office
November 8, 2004 – February 21, 2006
SpeakerJose de Venecia Jr.
Preceded byRaul M. Gonzalez
Succeeded bySimeon Datumanong
Member of theHouse of RepresentativesfromTarlac's2nddistrict
In office
June 30, 1998 – June 30, 2007
Preceded byJose Yap
Succeeded byJose Yap
Personal details
Born
Benigno Simeon Cojuangco Aquino III

(1960-02-08)February 8, 1960
Sampaloc, Manila,Philippines
DiedJune 24, 2021(2021-06-24)(aged 61)
Quezon City,Philippines
Resting placeManila Memorial Park – Sucat,Parañaque,Philippines
Political partyLiberal
Parents
Relatives
Alma materAteneo de Manila University(AB)
Signature
Nickname(s)PNoy, Noynoy
This article is part of
a series about
Benigno Aquino III
National policy
Foreign policy
Early political career
Life and politics

Benigno Simeon Aquino IIIKGCR(locally[bɛˈniːɡ.noʔɐˈxiː.no];bornBenigno Simeon Cojuangco Aquino III;February 8, 1960 – June 24, 2021),[4][5]also known asNoynoy Aquino[6][7][8]andcolloquiallyasPNoy,[b]was a Filipino politician who served as the15thPresident of the Philippinesfrom 2010 to 2016.[12][13][14]The son ofassassinatedpoliticianBenigno Aquino Jr.and 11thPresident of the PhilippinesCorazon Aquino,he was a fourth-generation politician as part of theAquino familyofTarlac.

Benigno Aquino III previously served as a member of theHouse of RepresentativesandSenatefrom 1998 to 2010, and also as adeputy speaker of the House of Representativesfrom 2004 to 2006. On September 9, 2009, shortly after thedeath of his mother,he announced his candidacy in the2010 presidential election,which he eventually won. He wassworn into officeas the 15th president of the Philippines on June 30, 2010, succeedingGloria Macapagal Arroyo.[12][6]

UnderAquino's presidency,the nation's economy grew at the highest rates in decades, and the country was dubbed a "Rising Tiger"economy.[15]Known for his confrontational foreign policy, his administration filed an arbitration case,Philippines v. China,before thePermanent Court of Arbitrationin an attempt to invalidateChina's claims in the South China Seaand assert the Philippines' claims in the area; the court ruled in favor of the Philippines.[16]His term ended on June 30, 2016, and he was succeeded byRodrigo Duterte.

After leaving office, Aquino was the subject of legal actions over his role in theMamasapano clashand for approval of a controversial budget project;[17][18]he was later acquitted of all charges filed against him regarding the Mamasapano incident.[19]Aquino died from diabetic kidney disease on June 24, 2021, at age 61.

Early life and education

Noynoy Aquino was born as Benigno Simeon Cojuangco Aquino III[20]on February 8, 1960, atFar Eastern University HospitalinSampaloc, Manila.[21]He is the third of the five children ofBenigno Aquino Jr.,who was then the vice governor ofTarlac,andCorazon Cojuangco,daughter of prominent Tarlac businessmanJosé Cojuangco.He has four sisters, namely: Maria Elena, Aurora Corazon, Victoria Elisa, and actressKristina Bernadette.He attended theAteneo de Manila UniversityinQuezon Cityfor his elementary, high school, and college education.[7]

Aquino finished hisBachelor of Arts(major ineconomics) degree from the Ateneo in 1981.[12][7]Former presidentGloria Macapagal Arroyo,his eventual predecessor, was one of his professors at the university.[22]

In September 1972, his father, a senator and prominent opposition leader to PresidentFerdinand Marcos,was arrested for subversion.[8]In August 1973, Aquino's father was brought before a military tribunal inFort Bonifacio.[8]

In 1980, after a series of heart attacks, Aquino's father was allowed to seek medical treatment in the United States, where Aquino's family began a period of self-exile inBoston.After graduating, Aquino joined his family there in 1981.[23]

Aquino campaigning with his mother,Corazon,during the1986 presidential elections

In 1983, after three years in exile in the United States, Aquino's family returned to thePhilippines,shortly after theassassination of his fatheron August 21, 1983.[7]He had a short tenure as a member of thePhilippine Business for Social Progress,working as an assistant of the executive director. He later joined Mondragon Industries Philippines, Inc. as an assistant retail sales supervisor andNike Philippinesas an assistant promotions manager.[7]

From 1986 to 1992, during the presidency of his mother, Aquino joined the Intra-Strata Assurance Corporation, a company owned by his uncle Antolin Oreta Jr., as vice president.[7]

On August 28, 1987, eighteen months into the presidency of Aquino's mother, rebel soldiers led byGregorio Honasanstaged anunsuccessful coup attempt,attempting to lay siege toMalacañang Palace.[23]Aquino was two blocks from the palace when he came under fire. Three of Aquino's four security escorts were killed, and the last was wounded protecting him.[24]He himself was hit by five bullets, once in the neck.[24]

From 1993 to 1998, he worked for Central Azucarera de Tarlac, the sugar refinery in the Cojuangco-ownedHacienda Luisita.[25]He was employed as the executive assistant for administration from 1993 to 1996 and subsequently worked as manager for field services from 1996 to 1998.[7]

Congressional career

Aquino was a fourth-generation politician: his great-grandfather,Servillano "Mianong" Aquino,served as a delegate to theMalolos Congress;his paternal grandfather,Benigno Aquino Sr.,served asSpeaker of the National Assemblyfrom 1943 to 1944; his maternal grandfather,José Cojuangco,was also a member of the House of Representatives; and his parents were Corazon Aquino, who served as the 11th president of the Philippines (1986–1992), and Senator Benigno "Ninoy" Aquino Jr.[26][23]Aquino was a member of theLiberal Party,[26]where he held various positions such as secretary general and vice president forLuzon.[27]

House of Representatives (1998–2007)

Aquino became adeputy speaker of the House of Representativeson November 8, 2004, but relinquished the post on February 21, 2006, when Aquino joined hisLiberal Party Drilon wingmembers in calling for the resignation of PresidentGloria Macapagal Arroyoat the height of theHello Garci scandal.[12][28]

Aquino was alsoChairman of the Boardof the Central Luzon Congressional Caucus.[28]

Senate (2007–2010)

Barred from running for re-election to theHouse of Representatives of the Philippines,to represent the2nd district of Tarlac,due to term limits, Aquino was elected to theSenate of the Philippinesin the2007 Philippine midterm electionon May 15, 2007, under the banner of theGenuine Opposition(GO), a coalition comprising a number of parties, including Aquino's ownLiberal Party,seeking to curb attempts by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo to amend the1987 Philippine Constitution.In Aquino's political ads, he was endorsed by his younger sister, television hostKris Aquino,and his mother, Corazon Aquino. Although aRoman Catholic,Aquino was endorsed by the pentecostalJesus Is Lord Church,one of thelargest Protestant churches in the Philippines.[29][30][31]With more than14.3 millionvotes, Aquino's tally was the sixth highest of the 37 candidates for the 12 vacant seats elected from the nation at large. Aquino assumed his new office on June 30, 2007.[12]

During the campaign, Aquino reached out to his former political rival, SenatorGregorio Honasan,supporting his application for bail. Aquino told Job Tabada of theCebu Daily News,on March 5, 2007:

"I endorse Honasan's request for bailpara parehas ang laban[to even out the playing field]. I was hit by bullets from Honasan's men in the neck and hips but that's past now. The principle of my father was, 'Respect the rights even of your enemies.'Ito ang nagpatingkad ng demokrasya[This is what defines democracy]. Genuine reconciliation is democracy in action. "[32]

Aquino was referring to an unsuccessful coup attempt staged by rebel soldiers led by Gregorio Honasan on August 28, 1987, in which Aquino was seriously injured.[32]

Senate bills

The Budget Impoundment and Control Act (Senate Bill No. 3121), wherein "impoundment" refers to the power of the president to refuse the release of funds appropriated by theCongress of the Philippines,is another bill Aquino was proud of;[33][unreliable source?]he regretted,[33]however, that such power has been used and abused by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, a result of which abuse has been the significant emasculation of Congress' ability to check the president's authority.[34]Aquino filed this bill so that the president would have to pass a measure through Congress every time that they the chief executive had the impetus to impound part of the budget.[34]

Another significant Aquino contribution to the Philippines' corruption problem was Senate Bill 2035, which is thePreservation of Public Infrastructuresbill, seeking to raise standards in the construction of all public infrastructures by penalizing contractors of defective infrastructures.[35]The bill also requires the Bureau of Maintenance under theDepartment of Public Works and Highways(DPWH) to conduct periodic inspections of public infrastructures.[35]

Aquino also pushed for the passage of the Amending the Government Procurement Act (SB 2160), which applies to all government procurement activities regardless of source of funds whether local or foreign; only treaties or international/executive agreements entered into by the government prior to its enactment shall be exempt from coverage.[36]The bill was filed in light of theDepartment of Justice(DOJ) declaration regarding the validity of theNBN–ZTE deal corruption scandal,wherein its international aspect, as well as the fact that it was an executive agreement, was cited as one reason for its exemption from the procurement process stipulated in Republic Act No. 9184.[36]

Focusing further on accountability in government appropriations and spending, Aquino filed other reform-oriented bills, among which werePhilippine National Policereform;[37]the banning of reappointment to theJudicial and Bar Council;[38]and the prevention of reappointment and bypassing of theCommission on Appointments.[39]

2010 presidential campaign

Main articles:2010 Philippine presidential electionandBenigno Aquino III 2010 presidential campaign
2010 Philippine electoral vote results
Map of dignitaries who attended Aquino's inauguration

On November 26, 2008, theLiberal PartyelectedMar Roxas,president of the Liberal Party, as the standard-bearer of the Liberal Party forPresident of the Philippinesin the then-upcoming2010 presidential elections.[40]

Following thedeath and funeral of Aquino's mother,former President Corazon Aquino, many people began calling on Aquino to run forPresident of the Philippines.[12]This groundswell of support became known as the "Noynoy Phenomenon".[41]

On August 27, 2009,Edgardo "Eddie" Roces,son of the late journalist and media executiveChino Roces,and a group of lawyers and activists formed the Noynoy Aquino for President Movement (NAPM), a nationwide campaign to collect a million signatures in order to persuade Aquino to run for president,[42]reminiscent of Roces' father, who on October 15, 1985, launched the Cory Aquino for President Movement (CAPM), collecting more than one million signatures nationwide and asking Aquino's mother to run against Ferdinand Marcos in the1986 presidential snap elections.[43]

On September 1, 2009, at theClub Filipino,in a press conference, SenatorMar Roxas,president of the Liberal Party, announced his withdrawal from the 2010 presidential race and expressed his support for Aquino, as the party standard-bearer instead.[44]Aquino later stood side by side with Roxas, but did not make a public statement at the press conference.[26]The next day, Aquino announced that he would be going on a "spiritual retreat" over the weekend to finalize his decision for the elections, visiting theCarmelite sistersinZamboanga City,[12]reminiscent of his mother's own soul-searching in 1985 before deciding to run for the elections the following year.[45]He came back on September 9 to formally announce his candidacy.[12][46]Almost two weeks later, Roxas pledged to run alongside Aquino as the Liberal Party standard-bearer for vice-president.[47][48]The two men filed their respective certificates of candidacy forpresidentandvice-presidenton November 28, 2009.[49]

Fakepsychiatric reportson Aquino'smental healthbegan circulating online during the 90-day election campaign period from February 9 – May 8, 2010,[50][51]Aquino received information that the first such report came from the wife ofNacionalista Partysupporter and formerNational Power Corporation(NAPOCOR) president Guido Delgado, a move Aquino claimed was made with "malicious intent".[51]A second report came from an unidentified supporter ofSenatorManny Villar,the Nacionalistas' leader and presidential candidate.[51][52]Later presented by Delgado at a press conference, the psychiatric report was supposedly signed by Father Jaime C. Bulatao, S.J., PhD, aJesuitpriest, a professor ofPsychologyand aclinical psychologistat theAteneo de Manila University,taken when Aquino was finishing hisbachelor's degreeineconomicsat the university in 1979.[51]It reportedly showed that Aquino suffered fromdepressionandmelancholia;[52]the priest later denied writing the document at all.[51]Another supposed psychiatric report that later surfaced claimed that Aquino suffered frommajor depressive disorder;the report's supposed author, Jesuit priest Father Carmelo A. Caluag II, denied writing any evaluations of Aquino.[51]The university's psychology department later debunked the documents, with Aquino labelling them as another desperate effort by rivals to malign his reputation.[51]

During the campaign,[50]SenatorFrancis Escuderobegan endorsing Aquino as president andPDP–Labanstandard-bearerJejomar Binay,forVice President,launching theAquino–Binay campaign.[53]

On June 9, 2010, at theBatasang Pambansa Complex,inQuezon City,theCongress of the Philippinesproclaimed Aquino as thepresident-elect of the Philippines,[12][13]following the2010 electionwith 15,208,678 votes,[12][14]whileJejomar Binay,the former mayor ofMakati,was proclaimed as thevice president-elect of the Philippineswith 14,645,574 votes,[54]defeatingrunner-upfor the vice presidency Mar Roxas, the standard-bearer of the Liberal Party for vice president.[55]

Presidency (2010–2016)

Main article:Presidency of Benigno Aquino III
See also:List of international presidential trips made by Benigno Aquino IIIandNoynoying
Presidential styles of
Benigno Aquino III
Reference styleHis Excellency[12]
Spoken styleYour Excellency
Alternative styleMr. President
Aquino takes the oath of office as the 15th president of the Philippines before Associate JusticeConchita Carpio-Moralesat the Quirino Grandstand on June 30, 2010.

Early years

The presidency of Benigno Aquino III began at noon on June 30, 2010, and became thefifteenthpresident of the Philippines,succeedingGloria Macapagal Arroyo.From the start of his presidency on, he was also referred to in the media asPNoy.[56][57][58][11]

Thepresidential transitionbegan on June 9, 2010, when theCongress of the Philippinesproclaimed Aquino the winner of the2010 Philippine presidential electionsheld on May 10, 2010, proclaiming Aquino as thepresident-elect of the Philippines.[13][14]Aquino took residence in theBahay Pangarap,the first president to do so, instead of theMalacañang Palace,which has been the official residence of his predecessors.[59]

President Aquino at work

Aquino announced the formation of atruth commissionthat would investigate various issues including corruption allegations against his predecessor PresidentGloria Macapagal Arroyowith formerChief JusticeHilario Davide Jr.as commission head.[60]

Aquino took theoath of officeon June 30, 2010, at theQuirino GrandstandinRizal Park,Manila.[12][6]The oath of office was administered byAssociate JusticeConchita Carpio-Morales,who officially accepted Aquino's request to swear him into office,[12][61]reminiscent of the decision of his mother, who in 1986, was sworn into the presidency by Associate JusticeClaudio Teehankee.[62]After being sworn in as thefifteenthpresident of the Philippines,succeedingGloria Macapagal Arroyo,Aquino delivered hisinaugural address.[12][6]

Aquino with US PresidentBarack Obamaand Vietnamese PresidentNguyễn Minh Triếtat a working lunch with leaders of theASEANaround theUnited Nations General AssemblyMeeting inNew York Cityin 2010.

During Aquino'sfirst State of the Nation Address(SONA) on July 26, 2010,[58][63]Aquino announced his intention to reform theeducation system in the Philippinesby shifting toK–12 education,a 12-year basic education cycle.[64]

Domestic policy

Nowang wangpolicy

During the inaugural address, Aquino created the "nowang-wang"policy, strengthening the implementation of Presidential Decree No. 96.[57][65]Wang-wangis colloquial term for blaring sirens.[66]The decree was issued on January 13, 1973, by thenPresidentFerdinand Marcos,regulating the use of sirens and other similar devices only to motor vehicles designated for the use of select national government officials, the police, the military, the fire department andambulances.[57][65]Despite having the privilege of usingwang-wangas president, Aquino refrained from using sirens to set up an example for his policy, even if it means being stuck in traffic and being late every now and then.[67][68]After the inaugural address, theMetropolitan Manila Development Authoritybegan to enforce Aquino's nowang-wangpolicy, confiscatingwang-wangfrom public officials and private motorists who illegally used them.[65]

Bangsamoro peace process

Aquino resumed stalled peace talks with theMoro Islamic Liberation Front(MILF), a rebel group in Mindanao seekingself-determinationforMoros.He met with the MILF in Tokyo, Japan in August 2011 to initiate peace talks which resulted to the signing of theFramework Agreement on the Bangsamorobetween the Philippine government and the rebel group the following year. The agreement started the process of replacing theAutonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao(ARMM) with a new political entity. In 2014, theComprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro(CAB) was signed between the Philippine government and the MILF, with the deal characterized as a "final peace agreement" between the two parties.[69]

The CAB paved way for the drafting of theBangsamoro Basic Law(BBL; later known as the Bangsamoro Organic Law or BOL), a charter for a proposedBangsamoroautonomous region which would replace the ARMM.[69]

In 2015, President Aquino was accused of evading responsibility for theMamasapano clash,a botched police operation, which resulted to the death of 44Special Action Forceofficers. He was also criticized for entrusting the operation to suspended police chiefAlan Purisima.[70]This led to a decrease of public support for the BBL.[71]

Education

Aquino introduced reforms on the Philippine education program by introducing theK-12 curriculumby signing into law the Enhanced Basic Education Act in 2013. This added two years to the basic education system; which became known as the Senior High School stage.[72]The program was introduced because the Philippines was among the three countries in the world at that time still had a 10-year basic education program.[73]Among the criticisms of the K-12 program is the associated costs to be shouldered by teachers, parents, and students for the additional two years of basic education as well as the lack of classrooms and teachers required for the implementation of the shift to K-12.[72]

Foreign policy

Benigno Aquino III is noted for his confrontational foreign policy againstChina,especially concerning the Philippines' approach in pursuing itsclaims in the South China Sea.It was under his administration, that theChina v. Philippinescase was filed in thePermanent Court of Arbitration(PCA) which ruled in 2016 the invalidity of China'snine-dash lineclaim which covers the entire sea, although China continues to disregard the decision.[16]The case was filed in 2013, after the Philippines lost control of theScarborough Shoalafter the2012 standoff with China over the dispute feature.[74][75]He is also responsible for instituting the term "West Philippine Sea"in 2012 for the eastern parts of theSouth China Seawhich the Philippines claims to be part of itsexclusive economic zone.[76]

Administration and cabinet

Main article:Presidency of Benigno Aquino III § Administration and cabinet

Judicial appointments

Aquino appointed the following to theSupreme Court of the Philippines:

Criticism

Manila hostage crisis

On August 23, 2010, in front of theQuirino GrandstandinRizal Park,Manila,theManila hostage crisisoccurred when a gunman took hostage a bus with Hong Kong tourists. Aquino defended the actions of the police at the scene, stating that the gunman had not shown any signs of wanting to kill the hostages. Aquino ordered a "thorough investigation" into the incident, and would wait until it is completed before deciding whether anyone should lose his or her job.[83]Aquino declared that the media may have worsened the situation by giving the gunman "a bird's-eye view of the entire situation".[84]Aquino also made reference to theMoscow theater hostage crisis,which, according to Aquino, resulted in "more severe" casualties despite Russia's "resources and sophistication".[85]On August 24, 2010, Aquino signed Proclamation No. 23, declaring August 25, 2010, as a national day of mourning, instructing all public institutions nationwide and all Philippine embassies and consulates overseas to lower thePhilippine flagathalf-mast,in honor of the eightHong Kong residentswho died during the crisis.[86][87]On August 25, 2010, at a press conference in Malacañang, Aquino apologized to those offended when he was caught on television apparently smiling while being interviewed at the crime scene hours after theManila hostage crisis.[88]Aquino said:

"My smile might have been misunderstood. I have several expressions. I smile when I'm happy, I smile when I'm faced with a very absurd situation...and if I offended certain people, I apologize to them. It's more of an expression maybe of exasperation rather than anything and again, I apologize if I offended certain people, who misunderstood (my) facial expression."[88]

On September 3, 2010, Aquino took responsibility for the crisis.[89]Aquino actually has direct supervision of thePhilippine National Police,since Aquino had askedSecretary of the Interior and Local GovernmentJesse Robredoto address other concerns, such as coming up with a comprehensive plan on delivering social services to and relocating informal settlers in coordination with the local governments.[89]No formal apology for the crisis was made by Aquino until President Rodrigo Duterte formally apologized in 2018 as president of the Republic of the Philippines and in behalf of the people of the Philippines.[90]

Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda)

President Aquino's administration was criticized during and afterTyphoon Haiyan (Yolanda)in November 2013 for the government's "slow" response to aid the victims.[9]This criticism resulted in countries likeCanadaproviding humanitarian aid to the victims of the typhoon throughnon-governmental organizationsand not the Philippine government.[91]

Noynoying

Main article:Noynoying

Noynoying(pronounced noy-noy-YING[92]or noy-NOY-ying[93]) was a protest tactic in the form of aneologismthat Aquino's critics used to question his work ethic, alleging his inaction on the issues of disaster response and rising oil prices.[93]A play on the termplankingand Aquino's nickname, Noynoying involved posing in a lazy manner, such as sitting idly while resting his head on one hand, and doing nothing.[93]

Post-presidency (2016–2021)

Outgoing President Benigno Aquino III (right) and President-electRodrigo Duterteahead ofDuterte's inaugurationon June 30, 2016.

Following the turnover ceremonies to his successorRodrigo Duterteat Malacañang, Aquino returned to his parents' residence along Times Street, Quezon City.[94]After leaving office, Aquino remained silent on the Duterte administration and rarely made public appearances.[95]However, in November 2016, Aquino attended a concert atRizal Parkand joined protests against theburial of Ferdinand Marcos.[96]In February 2017, Aquino commemorated the 31st anniversary of thePeople Power Revolutionby marching to thePeople Power Monumentand joining the protests against theFerdinand Marcos regime.[97][98]

Legal charges

In July 2017, criminal charges were filed against Aquino for usurpation of authority under theRevised Penal Codeand violating anti-graft and corruption laws.[19]OmbudsmanConchita Carpio-Moralescited the involvement of then suspendedPhilippine National PolicechiefAlan Purisimain the2015 Mamasapano police operationagainst theBangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fightersand theMoro Islamic Liberation FrontinMamasapano, Maguindanao,where 44Special Action Forcemembers were killed.[19]Under the Revised Penal Code, suspended public officials cannot perform their duties or interfere in government affairs. Aquino's former deputypresidential spokespersonAbigail Valtesaid that Aquino planned to file a motion for reconsideration to appeal the charges.[19]In 2018, Aquino was indicted in a $1.35-billion criminal case involving a congressional approval to use state funds on major government projects.[99]On August 22, 2019, theSandiganbayandropped the charges against Aquino upon request from OmbudsmanSamuel Martires,citing the rule that no president can be charged of inducing subordinates to follow orders.[100][101]

Personal life

Aquino never married and had no children, making him the Philippines' first bachelor president.[102]Aquino previously had a relationship withShalani Soledad,aValenzuelacity councilor and niece of former SenatorFrancisco Tatad.[103][104]In November 2010, Aquino confirmed that he and Soledad had ended their relationship.[105]He had previously datedKorina Sanchez,[103]Bernadette Sembrano,[103]and Liz Uy.[105][106]He was also in a relationship with Korean television hostGrace Lee.[107]Aquino had openly stated that he preferred younger women because he wanted to have children.[108]

Aquino was an enthusiast ofshooting,billiards,and video games.[109]He was also engaged inmartial arts,particularlykarateandsikaran.[110][111]Aquino did not drinkalcoholic beverages[62]but was achain smoker.[112]He said that he was not keen on being aposter boyforanti-smoking campaigns.[113]Upon winning the election, Aquino received a phone call from U.S. PresidentBarack Obama,who congratulated him and offered assistance tosmoking cessation.[114][115]

Although his official residence as president wasMalacañang Palace,Aquino chose to reside in theBahay Pangarap(House of Dreams), located within the Palace grounds, while in office.[59][116]

Illness and death

Public wake for Aquino at theChurch of the Gesùin Quezon City.

Speculation surrounding Aquino's health began circulating in August 2019 after he was unable to attend the commemoration ofhis late father's 36th death anniversary;however, his spokespersonAbigail Valtesaid that his illness then was "nothing serious".[117]In November 2019, Aquino was reported to have suffered frompneumonia.[118]A month after, he was confined atMakati Medical Centerfor an executive checkup and undisclosed routine procedures. Aquino was confined in anintensive care unit,although according to his spokesperson, he was never in critical condition and the accommodation was just to limit visitors.[119][120]SenatorFrancis Pangilinan,who was Aquino's formerfood security czar,later stated that this confinement was due to akidney malfunction.Pangilinan added that Aquino had also been suffering fromhypertensionanddiabetes.[121]Thereafter, Aquino regularly sought medical treatment for his condition.[122]By May 2021, Aquino told Camille Elemia ofRapplerthat he was experiencing aloss of appetiteand breathing difficulties. That same month, he reportedly underwent acardiac surgery.[123]

In the early hours of June 24, 2021, Aquino was found by hismaidservantlying unconscious on his recliner at his home in West Triangle,Quezon City.He was immediately transported by ambulance to the nearbyCapitol Medical CenterinDiliman,where he was pronounced dead at 6:30 a.m. (PHT), that day (22:30UTCof the previous day).[4]The cause of death was stated asrenal disease, secondary to diabetes.[5][124]According to his personal chauffeur, Aquino was scheduled to undergodialysison June 21, but refused because he felt that his body was "weak". Another dialysis was planned the day prior to his death, but Aquino again turned it down for similar reasons.[125]Aquino's formerpublic works secretary,Rogelio Singson,stated that he also underwentangioplastyto prepare for a scheduledkidney transplantation;Aquino was in the process of searching for donors at the time of his death.[121]

His remains were cremated on the day of his death and his ashes were buried adjacent to that of his parents at theManila Memorial ParkinParañaqueon June 26, making him the first Philippine president to have been cremated. ThreeMasseswere held on June 25–26 at theChurch of the Gesùat his alma mater, theAteneo de Manila University,where a public viewing was also held.[126]Then newly-installedManila ArchbishopJose Advinculablessed his remains, while his funeral mass was presided over byLingayen–Dagupan ArchbishopSocrates Villegas(who also presided therequiem mass for Aquino's mother in 2009when Villegas wasBishop of Balanga), withCaloocan BishopPablo Virgilio Davidconcelebrating.

A few hours after the announcement of Aquino's death, PresidentRodrigo Dutertedeclared a ten-day "period of national mourning"from June 24 to July 3. Allnational flagswere flown athalf-mastas a sign of mourning.[127]

The funeral rites of Aquino were covered byRadyo Katipunan,the radio arm of his alma mater, for the wake andRadio Television Malacañangfor his burial.[128]

Approval ratings

SWSNet satisfaction ratings ofBenigno Aquino III(September 2010–June 2016)[129]
Date Rating
Sep 2010 +60
Nov 2010 +64
Mar 2011 +51
Jun 2011 +46
Sep 2011 +56
Dec 2011 +58
Mar 2012 +49
May 2012 +42
Aug 2012 +67
Dec 2012 +55
Mar 2013 +59
Jun 2013 +64
Sep 2013 +49
Dec 2013 +49
Mar 2014 +45
Jun 2014 +25
Sep 2014 +34
Dec 2014 +39
Mar 2015 +11
Jun 2015 +30
Sep 2015 +41
Dec 2015 +32
Apr 2016 +27
Jun 2016 +29
Average +45

Honors and awards

Foreign honors

National Honors

Honorary degrees

President Aquino during his conferment ceremony atFordham University,New York on September 2011

Recognitions

See also

Notes

  1. ^Diokno's ancestor is Demetria Sumulong who was born in Antipolo before moving south, her common ancestor with Aquino is Francisco Sumulong (born 1695).[1][2][3]
  2. ^Short for President Noynoy and aword playonPinoy,the informaldemonymreferring to theFilipino people.[9][10][11]

References

  1. ^Quiñones, Klarenz (December 1, 2018)."Francisco Sumulong".Archivedfrom the original on March 10, 2023.RetrievedMarch 8,2023.
  2. ^Dulay, Toti (2012)."Chapter 3: Marikina".Archivedfrom the original on March 10, 2023.RetrievedMarch 20,2023.
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