Berehove
Berehove
Берегове Beregszász | |
|---|---|
      | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Berehove Location of Berehove  Berehove Berehove (Ukraine) | |
| Coordinates:48°12′20″N22°38′50″E/ 48.20556°N 22.64722°E | |
| Country |  Ukraine |
| Oblast | Zakarpattia Oblast |
| Raion | Berehove Raion |
| Hromada | Berehove urban hromada |
| Incorporated | 1945 |
| Government | |
| •Mayor | Zoltán Bálintova[1] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 19 km2(7 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 115 m (377 ft) |
| Population (2022)[2] | |
| • Total | 23,325 |
| • Density | 1,200/km2(3,200/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2(EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3(EEST) |
| Postal code | 90200 |
| Area code | +380-3141 |
| Climate | Cfb |
| Website | beregivska |
Berehove(Ukrainian:Берегове;Hungarian:Beregszász) is a city inZakarpattia Oblast,westernUkraine.It is situated near theborder with Hungary.
It is the cultural centre of theHungarian minority in Ukraine,and Hungarians constitute roughly half (a plurality) of its population.
The city serves as theadministrative centerofBerehove Raion.It has a population of23,325 (2022 estimate).[2]
Name[edit]
The city has many different variations of spelling its name:Romanian:Bereg,Rusyn:Берегово(translit.Berehovo),Russian:Берегово(translit.Beregovo),Belarusian:Берагава(ŁacinkaBierahava),CzechandSlovak:Berehovo,Yiddish:בערעגסאז,Beregsaz,German:Bergsaß,Polish:Bereg Saski.
Residents of Berehove voted on October 31, 2010, in a referendum on renaming the town to Beregszász, its Hungarian-language name.[3][4]Voter turnout was less than 52%, with 4,688 voting for renaming, 4,358 against, and 1,016 invalid ballots.[5]
Administrative division[edit]
Part of the city is also a near adjacent village of Zatyshne of 504 people that has its representation in the city's council.
Hungarianwas made a regional language in Berehove in September 2012; meaning it would be used in the town's administrative office work and documents.[6]This was made possible afternew legislation on languages in Ukrainewas passed in the summer of 2012.[6]
As of December 2020, all decisions of Zakarpattia's local councils on the functioning of regional languages, including Hungarian in Berehove, were cancelled.[7]
Geography[edit]
Climate[edit]
Berehove has anoceanic climate(Köppen:Cfb).
| Climate data for Berehove | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.4 (27.7) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
4.7 (40.5) |
10.7 (51.3) |
15.6 (60.1) |
18.5 (65.3) |
20.1 (68.2) |
19.7 (67.5) |
15.8 (60.4) |
10.4 (50.7) |
4.9 (40.8) |
0.3 (32.5) |
9.8 (49.6) |
| Averageprecipitationmm (inches) | 45 (1.8) |
38 (1.5) |
39 (1.5) |
46 (1.8) |
69 (2.7) |
86 (3.4) |
74 (2.9) |
68 (2.7) |
48 (1.9) |
44 (1.7) |
51 (2.0) |
58 (2.3) |
666 (26.2) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org[8] | |||||||||||||
History[edit]
In 1824, Berehove received the right to hold fairs 12 times a year. With the abolition of serfdom, the industrial development of the city began. Enterprises appeared, banks, savings banks, and credit institutions were opened.[9]
In 1910, out of 12,933 inhabitants 12,432 were Hungarians (96.1%), 221 Ukrainians (Ruthenians) and 140 Germans.[10]On April 27, 1919, the city was occupied by Czechoslovak and Romanian troops. At the end of 1919, according to the Saint-Germain Peace Treaty, it became part of Czechoslovakia.[11]
It was the capital of theKingdom of Hungary'sBereg Countyuntil 1920 and between 1940 and 1945.
From 1920 until 1938 it was part ofCzechoslovakia.Prior to World War II, the city had a significant Jewish population, estimated at 8,000 persons. Only four returned following the war.[12]
A local newspaper has been published here since December 1945.[13]
In January 1989 the population was 30,157 people.[14][15]
In 2001, ethnic groups included:[16]
- 48.1%Hungarians12.8 thousand
- 38.9%Ukrainians10.3 thousand
- 6.4%Romani1.7 thousand
- 5.4%Russians1.5 thousand
The first Hungarian-language college in Ukraine is in Berehove, the II. Rákoczi Ferenc College.[17]
Notable people[edit]
- RabbiHugo Gryn(1930–1996) was born here on June 25, 1930, and became well known as a broadcaster in Britain.
- The parents of Nobel Prize–winning economistMilton Friedmanlived there before emigrating to the United States.
- Julius Rebek(born April 11, 1944),Americanchemistand expert onmolecular self-assemblywas born here.
- Csaba Czébely(born December 3, 1975), the drummer of Hungarian heavy metal bandPokolgép.
- Géza Kalocsay(born May 30, 1913, died September 26, 2008), former Hungarian and Czechoslovak footballer,footballmanager e.g.Standard Liège,FK Partizan,Górnik Zabrze.
- Aranka Siegal(born June 10, 1930) is a writer,Holocaustsurvivor, and recipient of theNewbery HonorandBoston Globe-Horn Book Award,both awarded to her in 1982.
- Andrea Bocskor(born August 11, 1978[18]), politician who in the2014 European Parliament election in Hungarywas elected into theEuropean Parliament.[19]Hence, Bocskor became the first electedUkrainiancitizen in the European Parliament.[19]
- Sári Fedák(1879–1955), Hungarian actress and singer was born here.
- Nandor Fodor(1895–1964),parapsychologist,psychoanalyst,author and journalist.
- Alen Panov(1978), Ukrainian diplomat, lawyer and professor of Uzhhorod National University
International relations[edit]
Twin towns — Sister cities[edit]
Berehove istwinnedwith:
-
![Jewish mikve in Berehove (now a bank[20])](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE2.jpg/120px-%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE2.jpg)
Jewish mikve in Berehove (now a bank[20]) -
The dam in Berehove Postcard 1900 -
City limit sign, in three scripts, two languages
![Jewish mikve in Berehove (now a bank[20])](/translate/en.wikipedia.org?u=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFile%3A%25D0%2591%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BE2.jpg&t=hv)
See also[edit]
- Great Synagogue,Berehove
References[edit]
- ^(in Ukrainian)In Berehove, Transcarpathia, the majority of the council was occupied by representatives of Hungarians,Ukrayinska Pravda (3 November 2020)
- ^abЧисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022[Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022](PDF)(in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv:State Statistics Service of Ukraine.Archived(PDF)from the original on 4 July 2022.
- ^Information byFedir Shandor,the Head of the Carpathian Polling Research Center according toUkrainian Radio websiteArchived2010-11-25 at theWayback Machine
- ^Берегсас вместо Берегово (GLAVRED: Beregszász instead of Berehove)November 5, 2010
- ^"Mégis Beregszász lesz Berehovóból! | Kitekintő.hu".Archived fromthe originalon 2016-04-14.Retrieved2015-09-06.
- ^abRomanian becomes regional language in Bila Tserkva in Zakarpattia region,Kyiv Post(24 September 2012)
- ^(in Ukrainian)Рішення місцевих рад щодо регіональних мов на Закарпатті скасовано — Кремінь,Suspilne
- ^ "Climate: Berehove".Climate-Data.org.Retrieved18 April2014.
- ^Smolij, Valerij Andrijovyč, ed. (2003).Encyklopedija istoriï Ukraïny. T. 1: A - V.Kyïv: Naukova Dumka.ISBN978-966-00-0734-5.
- ^(Hungarian)Szarka László."A városi magyar népesség a Magyarországgal szomszédos országokban (1910-2000)"(PDF).p. 201. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2018-10-07.Retrieved2008-06-25.
- ^"БЕРЕГОВЕ".resource.history.org.ua.Retrieved2023-12-07.
- ^Jim Bawden, "Auschwitz twin confronts past".Toronto Star,March 5, 2001: C7.
- ^№ 2746. «Красное знамя» // Летопись периодических и продолжающихся изданий СССР 1986 - 1990. Часть 2. Газеты. М., «Книжная палата», 1994. стр.360
- ^Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность городского населения союзных республик, их территориальных единиц, городских поселений и городских районов по полу
- ^Берегово // Большой энциклопедический словарь (в 2-х тт.). / редколл., гл. ред. А. М. Прохоров. том 1. М., «Советская энциклопедия», 1991. стр.128
- ^"Ukraine population census 2001".Rebek. Archived fromthe originalon 2015-04-02.Retrieved2015-03-21.
- ^"Скільки дітей в Україні навчаються мовами національних меншин?".
- ^Andrea BOCSKOR,European Parliament
- ^ab(in Ukrainian)A citizen of Ukraine has become a Member of European Parliament,Ukrayinska Pravda(3 July 2014)
- ^"Google Maps".
External links[edit]
- City of Berehove official website(Ukrainian)
- City of Bereghovo official website(English Version)
- Berehovein theEncyclopedia of Ukraine
- Berehove - Shtetlink
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