Jump to content

Bert Andrews (journalist)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bert Andrews
Born
Bertrand Albert Andrews Jr.

(1901-06-02)June 2, 1901
Colorado Springs,Colorado,U.S.
DiedAugust 21, 1953(1953-08-21)(aged 52)
Denver,Colorado,U.S.
Occupationjournalist
Years active1924–1953
EmployerNew York Herald Tribune
Spouse
Martha Nadine Wright
​
​
(m.1928)​
Children2 sons
RelativesRoberta McCain(sister-in-law)
John McCain(nephew)
AwardsPulitzer Prize for National Reporting

Bertrand Albert Andrews Jr.(June 2, 1901 – August 21, 1953) was aWashington-based reporter for theNew York Herald Tribunewho won thePulitzer Prizein 1948 for his article "A State Department Security Case."[1][2]

Background

[edit]

Bertrand Albert ( "Bert" ) Andrews Jr.[3]was born on June 2, 1901, inColorado Springs.His father was Bertrand A. Andrews and mother Laura Whitaker. When still a boy, the family moved to San Diego. Andrews studied atStanford Universitybut dropped out in 1924.[1][2]

Career

[edit]

In September 1924, Andrews began his career in journalism as acopy boyatThe Sacramento Starand then moved to theSan Diego Sun,where he stayed until 1927. In 1928, he became a report forWilliam Randolph Hearst'sChicago Herald-Examiner.In 1929, he worked for theDetroit Times.In mid-1929, he joined theNew York Herald-Tribunein Paris for six months. He returned to join theNew York Americanthrough 1937. In October 1937, Andrews rejoined theNew York Herald Tribuneas a reporter and rewriter through 1941 based inAlbany, New York.[1]

On June 2, 1941, Andrews became Washington bureau chief for theHerald Tribune,the position that made him famous (the "number two" newsman in Washington, according toDavid Halberstam[4]).[2]During World War II, reportage took him to England and into the Pacific Ocean to cover American troops. In 1945, he reported on the first-ever meeting of theUnited Nations(for whichAlger Hissserved as Acting Secretary) in San Francisco. In 1946, he covered the United Nations Assembly meeting in London. He scooped the Yalta vote compact and the resignation of former Secretary of WarHenry L. Stimson.[1][2][5]

Washington Witch Hunt

[edit]

In June 1947, theState Departmentdismissed ten (10) employees– "none of them of top policy-making rank" –on unspecified grounds of disloyalty, as reported byJoseph AlsopandStewart Alsop.[6]

On November 2, 1947, Andrews published "A State Department Security Case" in theHerald Tribuneafter securing a secret transcript.[7][8]In the article, he described "Mr. Blank," an unnamed State Department official among seven discharged without specific charges. Articles continued for some days almost daily by Andrews.[9][10]TheWashington Postreacted the next day with concern: "Without access to what the FBI reported, there is no way of knowing whether Mr. Blank was a doubtful security risk."[11]In a comment,New Yorkermagazine compared Mr. Blank's story toFranz Kafka's bookThe Trial.[12]In an article co-written by Yale Law School professorThomas I. Emerson,its journal questioned the propriety of the story by noting: "The courts have never tolerated the failure to produce in open hearing any part of the evidence upon which the deciding official relies in an administrative adjudication requiring a fair hearing" and cited a decision by the U.S. Supreme Court.[8]On November 17, 1947, the State Department reversed its policy. It authorized the seven resignations "without prejudice" and offered the right to appeal before a Loyalty Review Board.[1][2]

Andrews continued writing on government investigations into Communism. He covered the hearings of theHollywood Ten,Dr.Edward U. Condonof the Bureau of Standards, and others held by theHouse Un-American Activities Committeewell into 1948. He published the articles in a book calledWashington Witch Huntin June 1948, widely reported by the press.[1][2]

Hiss Case

[edit]

In 1946, Andrews along withJames Restonof the New York Times, had recommendedAlger Hissas president of theCarnegie Endowment for International Peace.[13]

Andrews befriended newly elected U.S. RepresentativeRichard M. Nixon(who came into office in January 1947). When Nixon became convinced thatWhittaker Chamberswas telling the truth toHUACabout Alger Hiss, Andrews was among those whom he consulted for verification and encouragement.[1][14]

Chambers wrote about Andrews in his 1952 memoir:

Meanwhile, in the course of the whole Hiss Case, not more than five journalists were sent to find out at first hand what I might really be like. Only two of them, Bert Andrews, the chief of theNew York Herald TribuneWashington bureau, and Nicholas Blatchford, of theWashington Daily News,proved equal to the assignment.[15]

On August 7, 1953, Andrews was covering U.S. PresidentDwight D. Eisenhowerduring a retreat in Denver when he suffered a heart attack.[2]

Relationship with Nixon

[edit]

Halberstam wrote that at times Andrews "seemed to be more of aNixonstaff man than a working journalist. "Drew Pearsonwrote on February 24, 1950, that Andrews had

In 1962, Nixon referred to Andrews inLifemagazine as "my friend."[16]President Eisenhower called Andrews a "personal friend" who "always presented news developments fairly and honestly."[1][2]

Personal life and death

[edit]

On April 28, 1928, Andrews married Martha Nadine Wright (1903-1979), sister ofRoberta McCain (née Wright)and aunt of U.S. SenatorJohn McCain.They had two sons.[1]

On August 21, 1953, Andrews died at age 52 inDenverof a coronary occlusion (blood clot in the heart), following a first a few weeks earlier.[1][2]

Awards

[edit]

Legacy

[edit]

At the height of his influence, Andrews helped African-American journalistLouis Lautierobtain credentials for the Senate Press Gallery.[19]

Works

[edit]

Andrews published only one book during his lifetime; his son finished a second book for him posthumously:

  • Washington Witch Hunt(1948)[20]
  • A Tragedy of History: A Journalist's Confidential Role in the Hiss-Chambers Case,with son Peter Andrews (1962)[21]

TheKirkus ReviewsforA Tragedy of Historyreads:

Bert Andrews was the chief of theNew York Herald TribuneWashington Bureau... and his book is for the most part a transcript of the long hearings involved in the Hiss case. Andrews has very little to contribute on his own to the famous trial which wavered between perjury and treason and led to discreditization. The publisher's claim that Andrews was "In effect, a trusted confidant and participant" is as unsubstantiated as a great many of the things that went on in this "tragedy of history," a hazy if attention-getting caption. His not so private intelligence of the case seems to be limited to a three-hour interview with Chambers he shared with Nixon. Well, once again, from Hiss as seen by Chambers, and Chambers as seen by Hiss (i.e., the deadbeat Crosley) is the long testimony from the time when Chambers first appeared before the House Committee on American Activities, through the hearings, the libel suit, the indictment and the two trials. These annals have been previously and more fully recorded; Andrews concentrates on the Ford car and thepumpkin papers,skimps on the Woodstock typewriter and theprothonotary warbler.He has no opinions nor conclusions to offer–leaves it in its continuum of contradiction and supposition (to Andrews the mystery is not why Hiss went to jail, but how he managed to stay out for so long). This hardly seems to warrant its revival now particularly in view of the stimulating interpretations which have appeared fromAlistair Cooke's version shortly after the proceedings toFred Cook's more recent re-examination (1958).[22]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdefghijklm Onofrio, Jan (1 January 1999).Colorado Biographical Dictionary.Somerset Publishers, Inc. pp. 14–17.ISBN9780403098149.Retrieved25 December2017.
  2. ^abcdefghi "Bert Andrews Dies in Denver".The Washington Post.22 August 1953. pp. 1, 23.
  3. ^ "Bertrand Albert" Bert "Andrews Jr".Find a Grave.Retrieved18 October2020.
  4. ^ Halberstam, David (1979).The Powers That Be (book).Knopf. p. 259.
  5. ^ Priebe, Dick (March 1951)."Wisconsin Alumnus (Volume 52, Number 6)".University of Wisconsin.Retrieved13 March2013.
  6. ^ Alsop, Joseph;Alsop, Stewart(15 August 1947)."Matter of Fact: The Case of the Ten".Washington Post.Retrieved26 December2017.
  7. ^ Andrews, Bert(2 November 1947)."A State Department Security Case: The Story of an Employee Dismissed After 8-Month F.B.I. Investigation with the Nature of the Charges Against Him Never Revealed".New York Herald-Tribune.Retrieved26 December2017.
  8. ^ab Emerson, Thomas I.;Helfeld, David M.(1 January 1948)."Loyalty Among Government Employees".Yale University.Retrieved26 December2017.
  9. ^ Andrews, Bert(4 November 1947)."7 Dropped as Loyalty Risk Say Statement Department Pursues Them: Protest Impairment of Their Job Opportunities".New York Herald-Tribune.Retrieved26 December2017.
  10. ^ Andrews, Bert(6 November 1947)."Marshall Says 'Security Risks' Can Appeal; Won't Tell Charges".New York Herald-Tribune.Retrieved26 December2017.
  11. ^ Lindley, Ernest (3 November 1947). "What Price Security? The Case of Mr. Blank".Washington Post.
  12. ^ McCarten, John (15 November 1947)."Comment".New Yorker.Retrieved26 December2017.
  13. ^ Black, Conrad (2007).Richard Nixon: A Life in Full.Perseus Books. p. 109.ISBN9780786727032.
  14. ^ Mattews, Chris (1996).Kennedy & Nixon: The Rivalry that Shaped Postwar America.Simon & Schuster. p. 62.ISBN9781439135310.Retrieved13 March2013.
  15. ^ Chambers, Whittaker(1952).Witness.New York: Random House. pp. 626–627.ISBN978-0-394-45233-3.LCCN52005149.
  16. ^ Nixon, Richard (16 March 1962).Bitter Ordeal for a Man to Bare His Soul.Life. p. 127.Retrieved13 March2013.
  17. ^Journalism Institute."Raymond Clapper Memorial Award winners (1944 to 2011)".National Press Club.RetrievedNov 15,2023.
  18. ^ "Bert Andrews of New York Herald Tribune".Pulitzer Prize.Retrieved25 December2017.
  19. ^ Lautier, Louis (1 September 1953)."Capital Spotlight: He Pays Tribute to Bert Andrews".Baltimore Afro-American.
  20. ^ Andrews, Bert(1948).Washington Witch Hunt.Random House.LCCN48007490.
  21. ^ Andrews, Bert;Andrews, Peter (1962).A Tragedy of History: A Journalist's Confidential Role in the Hiss-Chambers Case.R. B. Luce.LCCN62018476.
  22. ^ "A Tragedy of History".Kirkus Review. 28 September 1962.Retrieved13 March2013.

External sources

[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bert_Andrews_(journalist)&oldid=1216003531"