Bilander
Thebilander,also spelledbillanderorbélandreis a two-masted vessel, the foremast carrying square rigs on all of its yards and its taller mainmast having a long lateen mainsail yard with corresponding trapezoidal sail and rig inclined at about 45° with square rigs on the yards above that, the lowermost secured at the corners by a crossjack.
History
[edit]A bilander was a small European merchantshipwith twomasts- used in theNetherlandsfor coast and canal traffic and occasionally seen in theNorth Seabut more frequently to be seen in theMediterranean Sea.[1]In England, the use of the bilander can be dated back as far as the reign of Queen Elizabeth.[2]Themainmastwaslateen-rigged with a trapezoidalmainsail,but theforemastcarried the conventional squarecourseand squaretopsail.Displacement was typically under 100 tons. However, the design was eventually replaced by more efficient sailing ship designs, leading it to be regarded as simply a precursor to thebrig.[3]The design was popular in the Mediterranean Sea as well as around New England in the first half of the 18th century but was soon surpassed by better designs. It is considered the forerunner of the brig.[4]Few examples survive.
References
[edit]- ^Hawk, James R. (11 February 2016).They came from Germany, aboard the Thistle.Lulu Publishing Services. p. 18.ISBN978-1483446394.OCLC980523921.
- ^Culver, Henry B. (2012-09-26).The Book of Old Ships: From Egyptian Galleys to Clipper Ships.Courier Corporation.ISBN9780486156897.
- ^Robinson, John; Dow, George Francis (2007-03-17).Sailing Ships of New England 1606-1907.Skyhorse Publishing Inc.ISBN9781602390393.
- ^Robinson, John; Dow, George Francis (1922).The Sailing Ships of New England, 1607-1907.Marine Research Society.
 | This article about a type of ship or boat is astub.You can help Wikipedia byexpanding it. |