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Bipolar nebula

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Bipolar planetary nebulaPN Hb 12.[1]

Abipolar nebulais a type of nebula characterized by two lobes either side of a central star. About 10-20% ofplanetary nebulaeare bipolar.[2]

Formation

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Though the exact causes of this nebular structure are not known, it is often thought to imply the presence of a binary central star with a period of a few days to a few years. As one of the two stars expelled its outer layers, the other disrupted the outflow of material to form the bipolar shape.[3]

Examples

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Planetary Nebula M2-9,otherwise known as the Twin Jet Nebula or the Wings of a Butterfly Nebula, is a bipolar nebula.

References

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  1. ^"Bizarre alignment of planetary nebulae".ESA/Hubble Press Release.Retrieved6 September2013.
  2. ^The Macquarie/AAO/Strasbourg Hα Planetary Nebula Catalogue: MASH,Parker et al. 2006, MNRAS, 373, 79
  3. ^Binary Progenitor Models for Bipolar Planetary Nebulae,Soker 1998, ApJ, 496, 833
  4. ^NewsCenter - Doomed Star Eta Carinae (06/10/1996) - Release Images.HubbleSite (10 June 1996). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  5. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (12 July 1995)."Eta Carinae Before Explosion".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.Retrieved26 November2010.
  6. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (26 March 2006)."Doomed Star Eta Carinae".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.Retrieved26 November2010.
  7. ^Eta Carinae Nebula (NGC 3372).Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  8. ^HubbleSite – NewsCenter –Hubble Witnesses the Final Blaze of Glory of Sun-Like Stars(12/17/1997) – Release Images
  9. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (12 June 2005)."M2 9: Wings of a Butterfly Nebula".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.Retrieved26 November2010.
  10. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (21 October 1997)."The Butterfly Planetary Nebula".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.Retrieved26 November2010.
  11. ^Butterfly Nebula (M 2-9).Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  12. ^NewsCenter - The "Rotten Egg" Nebula: A Planetary Nebula in the Making (10/19/1999) - Introduction.HubbleSite (19 October 1999). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  13. ^APOD: 1 November 1999 - The Rotten Egg Planetary Nebula.Antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov (1 November 1999). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  14. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (3 September 2001)."The Making of the Rotten Egg Nebula".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.Retrieved26 November2010.
  15. ^Calabash Nebula (OH231.8+4.2).Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  16. ^NewsCenter - Astro-Entomology? Ant-like Space Structure Previews Death of Our Sun (02/01/2001) - Introduction.HubbleSite (1 February 2001). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  17. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (1 May 2005)."Planetary Nebula Mz3: The Ant Nebula".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.Retrieved26 November2010.
  18. ^Ant Nebula (Menzel 3).Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  19. ^Tafoya, D.; Loinard, L.; Vlemmings, W.H.T.; Marti-Vidal, I.; Pech, G. (22 July 2013)."Rapid angular expansion of the ionized core of CRL 618"(PDF).Astronomy and Astrophysics.556:A35.doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321704.Retrieved15 November2020.
  20. ^NewsCenter - Hubble Finds Searchlight Beams and Multiple Arcs around a Dying Star (01/16/1996) - Introduction.HubbleSite (16 January 1996). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  21. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (26 June 1999)."Shells in the Egg Nebula".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.Retrieved26 November2010.
  22. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (9 April 2003)."The Egg Nebula in Polarized Light".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.Retrieved26 November2010.
  23. ^Egg Nebula (CRL 2688).Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  24. ^NewsCenter - Dying Star Sculpts Rungs of Gas and Dust (05/11/2004) - Release Images.HubbleSite (11 May 2004). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  25. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (13 May 2004)."Rungs of the Red Rectangle".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.Retrieved26 November2010.
  26. ^Red Rectangle.Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  27. ^NewsCenter - Hubble Finds an Hourglass Nebula around a Dying Star (01/16/1996) - Release Images.HubbleSite (16 January 1996). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  28. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (18 January 1996)."MyCn18: An Hourglass Nebula".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.Retrieved26 November2010.
  29. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (15 June 2002)."MyCn18: An Hourglass Nebula".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.Retrieved26 November2010.
  30. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (9 February 1996)."The Eye of an Hourglass Nebula".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.Retrieved26 November2010.
  31. ^Hourglass Nebula (MyCn 18).Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  32. ^NewsCenter - Symbiotic Star Blows Bubbles into Space (08/24/1999) - Release Images.HubbleSite (24 August 1999). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  33. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (31 August 1999)."Symbiotic Star Bubbles".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.Retrieved26 November2010.
  34. ^Southern Crab Nebula (He2-104)Archived9 October 2006 at theWayback Machine.Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  35. ^NewsCenter - Hubble Catches Scattered Light from the Boomerang Nebula (09/13/2005) - Release Images.HubbleSite (13 September 2005). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  36. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (14 September 2005)."The Boomerang Nebula in Polarized Light".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.Retrieved26 November2010.
  37. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (20 February 2003)."Cold Wind from the Boomerang Nebula".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.Retrieved26 November2010.
  38. ^Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (15 October 1997)."Cold Wind From The Boomerang Nebula".Astronomy Picture of the Day.NASA.Retrieved26 November2010.
  39. ^Boomerang Nebula.Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
  40. ^APOD: 28 October 2001 – NGC 2346: A Butterfly-Shaped Planetary Nebula
  41. ^López, J.A; Vazquez, R.; Rodriguez, L.F. (10 December 1995). "The discovery of a bipolar, rotating, episodic jet (BRET) in the planetary nebula KjPn 8".The Astrophysical Journal.455:L63–L66.doi:10.1086/309801.

See also

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