Bori language
| Bori | |
|---|---|
| Bori-Karko | |
| Region | Arunachal Pradesh |
Sino-Tibetan
| |
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | (included underAdi[adi]) |
| Glottolog | bori1243 |
| ELP | Bori |
 Bori is classified as Definitely Endangered by theUNESCOAtlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |
Boriis aTanilanguage ofIndia.Bori is spoken in Payum Circle,West Siang District,Arunachal Pradesh(Megu 1988).
Bori is spoken by theBori,an indigenous tribal people of India.
Post (2013)[1]andEthnologueclassify Karko as a variety of Bori.[2]
Phonology[edit]
Megu (1988) defines the consonant and vowel inventories as follows:[3]
| Labial | Dental/Alveolar | Palatal | Velar/Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | Voiceless | p | t | c | k |
| Voiced | b | d | g | ||
| Fricative | s | h | |||
| Nasal | m | n | ɳ <ny> | ŋ <ng> | |
| Trill | r~ɹ <r> | ||||
| Approximant | j <y> | ||||
| Lateral Approximant | l | ||||
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Close-mid | e | ||
| Open-mid | ɔ | ||
| Open | a, a: |
Grammar[edit]
Plurality is expressed by adding the auxiliarykídíngafter the noun. Nouns have no inherent gender, but animals of a specific sex can be marked by two grammatical genders:masculineand feminine. The masculine is marked by the-bosuffix and the feminine is marked by the-nésuffix.Theword orderisSOV.
Four cases are marked by a suffix on the noun. These are thelocative,accusative,instrumental,anddative.Thehabitual aspectis marked by-doand thecontinuous aspectis marked by -dung.-laand -tokaareimperativesuffixes.-lacan also be used for theinterrogative.
Personal pronounsdenote three persons and two numbers.[3]
| Person | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ngo | ngolu |
| 2 | no | nolu |
| 3 | bí | bulu |
References[edit]
- ^Mark W. Post. 2013. 'The defoliation of the Tani Stammbaum: A positive-minded exercise in contact linguistics.' Paper presented at the 19th Himalayan Languages Symposium, Australian National University, Sep. 9-10.
- ^AdiatEthnologue(25th ed., 2022)
- ^abMegu, Arak (1988).Bori Phrase Book.Itanagar: Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh.
Sources[edit]
- Megu, Arak. 1993.The Karkos and Their Language.Itanagar: Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh.
Sino-Tibetanbranches | |||||
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| WesternHimalayas (Himachal,Uttarakhand,Nepal,Sikkim) |
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| EasternHimalayas (Tibet,Bhutan,Arunachal) | |||||
| Myanmarand Indo-Burmese border |
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| EastandSoutheast Asia |
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| Dubious(possibleisolates) (Arunachal) |
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| Proposed groupings | |||||
| Proto-languages | |||||
Italicsindicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches. | |||||
| Authority control databases:National |
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