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Brazilian Syncretic Religions

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Candomblé members, celebrating a holy day inside a Catholic church.

Brazilhad a profoundracial miscegenation,Brazilianshave the most diverse physical characteristics.[1]Research indicates that 44% of Brazilians have two religions.[2]Official data from the Brazilian census indicate that 1,011,507 Brazilians have two religions or follow a syncretic religion.[3]Because to miscegenation it is common for a person to have a father of one race and religion and a mother of another race and another religion, naturally that person can adopt the two beliefs or follow a religion that mixes the two beliefs.[4]

It is possible to see Christian and African elements and a white priest inside a temple in Ubanda.

ManyAfro-Brazilian religionsare calledMacumba,[5]but generally macumba is a vague word for any religion from Africa.[6]Tambor de Minais a highly syncretic religious tradition, combining cultural elements ofcolonial BrazilandPortuguese culturewith elements of the religious culture of the first Brazilian African slaves.[7]Candombléis anAfro-Brazilianreligion that mixes African beliefs with Catholic art and visuals. Many criticize that candomble is considered asyncretic religion,arguing thatslavesneeded to adoptCatholicelements so as not to be reprimanded by slave owners.[8]

Santo Daime,is a religion founded byRaimundo Irineu Serraknown as Mestre Irineu, Raimundo was a Catholic who served as a soldier in theBrazilian Amazon,during that period he had contact with indigenous cults involving the sacredayahuascaplant, used by the natives of the Brazilian Amazon.[9]Santo Daime is a religion that mixesMarianismwithnative Brazilian beliefs.Daime is an abbreviation of the Portuguese phrase 'give me love' (Dai-me Amor).[10]The Santo Daime religion has managed to reach other countries, it is possible to consider that it is aworld religion.[11]Umbandais aKardecist Spiritism,Afro-BrazilianandBrazilian Shamanistreligion, it emerged after a KardecistmediumZélio Fernandino de Moraescame to accept the spirits of Natives and Blacks,[12]Umbanda broke with traditionalspiritism.[13]

Brazilian Pentecostal church with Jewish elements.

Pentecostalism in Brazilhas ritualistic characteristics of Afro-Brazilian religions,[14]it is also very popular among black Brazilians, althoughPentecostalsdeny that there is a syncretism between criticism and Afro-Brazilian religions.[15]One of the most popular Pentecostal churches in Brazil, theIURD(Igrja Universal do Reino de Deus), has an open relationship of syncretism withJudaism.[16]Brazilian Jewish authorities reject this syncretism.[17]

References

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  1. ^Moreira Magalhães, Ana Paula;Soares Oliveira, Kátia Luzia.HISTORIOGRAFIAS AFROBRASILEIRA E MISCIGENAÇÃO ÉTNICO-RACIAL: NOVAS POSSIBILIDADES,Revista Coletivo SECONBA-Volume I -Ano I -2017 -Nº 01,p.45-53
  2. ^"Pesquisa revela que 44% dos brasileiros seguem mais de uma religião".O Globo.June 7, 2017.
  3. ^"IBGE | Brasil em SĂntese".Cidades.ibge.gov.br.Retrieved2022-08-26.
  4. ^Ribeiro da Fonseca, Dantas.As raízes do sincretismo religioso afro-brasileiro,https://periodicos.unir.br/index.php/linguaviva/article/view/567,RevistaLíngua Viva, Guajará-Mirim/RO, Vol. 2, N. 1, p.96-136,jul./dez. 2012
  5. ^Hayes, Kelly E. (2007). "Black Magic and the Academy: Macumba and Afro-Brazilian" Orthodoxies "". History of Religions. pp. 283–31.
  6. ^"Macumba".Dicio.
  7. ^Ferretti, Mundicarmo (2014-12-01). "Brinquedo de Cura in Terreiro de Mina". Revista do Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros (59): 57–78. doi:10.11606/issn.2316-901X.v0i59p57-78. ISSN 0020-3874.
  8. ^OLIVEIRA RIBEIRO,Josenilda. SINCRETISMO RELIGIOSO NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE HISTÓRICA DAS TRANSFORMAÇÕES NO CATOLICISMO, EVANGELISMO, CANDOMBLÉ E ESPIRITISMO.Work in Social Service by Federal University of Pernambuco
  9. ^Fróes, Vera.SANTO DAIMECULTURA AMAZÔNICAHISTÓRIA DO POVO DE JURAMIDAM,EDITORA YAGÉSÃO PAULO - 2019, p.8
  10. ^Fróes, Vera.SANTO DAIMECULTURA AMAZÔNICAHISTÓRIA DO POVO DE JURAMIDAM,EDITORA YAGÉSÃO PAULO - 2019, p.9
  11. ^Víctor Hugo Lavazza (2008). La esoteria como factor unificador en elculto del Santo Daime en la Argentina. IX Congreso Argentino de Antropología Social. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales -Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Posadas.
  12. ^Saidenberg, Theresa. "Como surgiu a Umbanda em nosso país: 70° aniversário de uma religião brasileira." Revista Planeta, São Paulo, N. 75, December 1978. p. 34–38.
  13. ^"» Dúvidas mais FrequentesFederação Espírita Brasileira".
  14. ^Santo, Claudinei Espirito. Matrizes africanas e suas relações com as pequenas Igrejas Pentecostais. 2018. 101 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Sociais) – Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Ciências Sociais, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2018.
  15. ^Silva, Vagner Gonçalves da (April 2007)."Neopentecostalismo e religiões afro-brasileiras: Significados do ataque aos símbolos da herança religiosa africana no Brasil contemporâneo".Mana.13(1): 207–236.doi:10.1590/S0104-93132007000100008.
  16. ^Toniol, Rodrigo (September 27, 2019)."Judaicização do pentecostalismo brasileiro".
  17. ^"Rabino Edir? Quase isso".VEJA.
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