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Brighton Beach

Coordinates:40°35′N73°58′W/ 40.58°N 73.96°W/40.58; -73.96
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This article is about the neighborhood in New York City. For the beach in Brighton, England, seeBrighton § Beaches.For other uses, seeBrighton Beach (disambiguation).

Brighton Beach
Neighborhood in Brooklyn
Looking east along Brighton Beach Avenue from the corner of Coney Island Avenue
Looking east along Brighton Beach Avenue from the corner of Coney Island Avenue
Map
Location in New York City
Coordinates:40°35′N73°58′W/ 40.58°N 73.96°W/40.58; -73.96
CountryUnited States
StateNew York
CityNew York City
BoroughBrooklyn
Community DistrictBrooklyn 13[1]
Founded1868
Founded byWilliam A. Engeman
Population
(2010)[2]
• Total35,547
Time zoneUTC−05:00(Eastern)
• Summer (DST)UTC−04:00(EDT)
ZIP Code
11235
Area code718, 347, 929,and917

Brighton Beachis aneighborhoodin the southern portion of theNew York CityboroughofBrooklyn,within the greaterConey Islandarea along theAtlantic Oceancoastline.[3]Brighton Beach is bounded by Coney Island proper atOcean Parkwayto the west,Manhattan Beachat Corbin Place to the east,Sheepshead Bayat theBelt Parkwayto the north, and theAtlantic Oceanto the south along the beach andboardwalk.

It is known for its high population ofRussian-speaking immigrants,and as a summer destination for New York City residents due to its beaches along the Atlantic Ocean and its proximity to the amusement parks in Coney Island.

Brighton Beach is part ofBrooklyn Community District 13,and its primaryZIP Codeis 11235.[1]It is patrolled by the 60th Precinct of theNew York City Police Department.[4]Politically, Brighton Beach is represented by theNew York City Council's 48th District.[5]

History

[edit]

Early development

[edit]
1873 map of Brighton Beach
West Brighton, Brooklyn,c. 1872– c. 1887

Brighton Beach is included in an area from Sheepshead Bay to Sea Gate that was purchased from the Native Americans in 1645 for a gun, a blanket and a kettle.[6]

Brighton Beach was located on sandy terrain, and before development in the 1860s, had mostly farms. The area was part of the "Middle Division" of the town ofGravesend,which was the sole English settlement out of the original six towns inKings County.By the mid-18th century, thirty-nine lots in the division had been distributed to the descendants of English colonists.[7]

In 1868,William A. Engemanbuilt a resort in the area.[8]The resort was given the name "Brighton Beach" in 1878 byHenry C. Murphyand a group of businessmen, who chose the name as an allusion to the English resort city ofBrighton.[9][10]With the help of Gravesend's surveyorWilliam Stillwell,Engeman acquired all 39 lots for the relatively low cost of $20,000.[11][12]: 38 This 460-by-210-foot (140 by 64 m) hotel, with rooms for up to 5,000 people nightly and meals for up to 20,000 people daily, was close to the then-rundown western Coney Island, so it was mostly the upper middle class that went to this hotel.[7]The 400-foot (120 m), double-decker Brighton Beach Bathing Pavilion was also built nearby and opened in 1878, with the capacity for 1,200 bathers.[10][12]: 38 [13]"Hotel Brighton", also known as the "Brighton Beach Hotel", was situated on the beach at what is now the foot ofConey Island Avenue.[8]TheBrooklyn, Flatbush, and Coney Island Railway,the predecessor to theNew York City Subway's present-dayBrighton Line,opened on July 2, 1878, and provided access to the hotel.[12]: 38 [14][15]

Adjacent to the hotel, Engeman built theBrighton Beach Race Courseforthoroughbredhorse racing.[8]In December 1887, an extremely high tide washed over the area, creating a new, temporary connection between Sheepshead Bay and the ocean. Wrote theBrooklyn Daily Eagle:"Unless [Engeman] is very lucky the next races on the Brighton Beach track will be conducted by the white crested horses ofNeptune."[16]

After that extremely high tide, and a decade ofbeach erosion,the Brighton Beach Hotel, by then owned by the Railway, faced the possibility of being "undermined and carried away."[17][18]A plan termed "highly ingenious and novel" was initiated by the superintendent of the Railway, J.L. Morrow, and its secretary, E.L. Langford, to elevate and move the building as a whole, 495 feet further inland. This was accomplished by lifting the estimated 5000 ton, 460 by 150 feet (140 m × 46 m) building, using 13 hydraulic jacks, after which 24 lines of railroad track – a mile and a half length in total – were laid under it, and 112 railroad "platform cars" (flat cars) pulled by six steamlocomotiveswere used to pull the hotel away from the sea.[17]This careful engineering (by B.C. Miller) made the move successful; it began on April 2, 1888, and continued for the next nine days, and was the largest building move of the 19th century.[19]

Anton Seidland theMetropolitan Operabrought their popular interpretations ofWagnerto the Brighton Beach Music Hall, whereJohn Philip Sousawas in residence, and the New Brighton Theater was a hotspot for vaudeville. Visitors for tea atReisenweber's Brighton Beach Casinowould be served by Japanese waitresses in full costume. At an enormous private club, the Brighton Beach Baths, members could swim, access a private beach, and playhandball,mah-jongg,and cards.[7]

The village, along with the rest of Gravesend, was annexed into the 31st Ward of theCity of Brooklynin 1894.[20]

Early 20th century

[edit]

In 1905, Brighton Beach Park opened its own area of amusements, calling it Brighton Pike. Brighton Pike offered a boardwalk, games, live entertainment (including theMiller Brothers' wild-west show:101 Ranch), and a huge steel roller coaster. The park was shut down in 1919 after it burned down.[7]The actual beach remained popular, though.[10]

Brighton Beach was re-developed as a fairly dense residential community with the final rebuilding of the Brighton Beach railway torapid transitstandards, becoming theBrooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation(BMT)'s Brighton Line, which opened as a subway line in August 1920 (the line is now served by theNew York City Subway'sBand ​Qservices). The subway line within the neighborhood is above ground on an elevated structure. The opening of the BMT Brighton Line had conflicting consequences: although it made Brighton Beach viable as a year-round community, it was now much more feasible for visitors to return home in the evening rather than spend the night. This led to the closure of the Brighton Beach Hotel in 1924.[7]

The years just before and following theGreat Depressionbrought with them a neighborhood consisting mostly of first- and second-generation Jewish-Americans and, later,Holocaustconcentration campsurvivors.[21][22]Of the estimated 55,000 Holocaust survivors living in New York City as of 2011, most live in Brighton Beach.[23]To meet the bursting cultural demands, the New Brighton Theater converted itself to the States' first Yiddish theater in 1919.[7][21]

Today, Brighton Beach has many synagogues and Jewish institutions, including aChabadcenter,[24]aMikvahand a Jewish day school called Mazel.[25]

Late 20th century and Soviet immigration

[edit]
The "Millennium Theater", now the "Master Theater" and NetCost supermarket

AfterWorld War II,the quality of life in Brighton Beach decreased significantly as the poverty rate and the ratio of older residents to younger residents increased; this was primarily effectuated by the postwar codification ofrent regulation in New York,which incentivized middle-aged residents and retirees (particularly the aforementioned first- and second-generation Jewish-American residents, many of whom had eschewed homeownership in favor of investing their savings in family businesses or postsecondary educations for their children) to retain their units in the prewar six-story semi-fireproof elevator apartment houses that lined Brightwater Court and other nearby thoroughfares for decades.[10]During the1970s fiscal crisis,the exodus of government workers and other middle class residents to suburban areas accelerated; accordingly, many of Brighton Beach's freestanding houses and bungalows were subdivided intosingle room occupancyresidences for the poor, the elderly and the mentally ill. Brighton Beach suffered from arson as much as it did from constant drug trades.[10]During the summer, however, people from all around the city continued to flock to Brighton Beach's beach next to the Atlantic Ocean.[10]

In the mid-1970s, Brighton Beach became a popular place to settle forSoviet immigrants,mostlyAshkenazi JewsfromRussiaandUkraine.[10]So many Soviet Jews immigrated to Brighton Beach that the area became known as "LittleOdessa"(after the Ukrainian city on theBlack Seawith a significant Jewish population in the first half of 20th century).[10]

The 1991collapse of the Soviet Unionand the subsequent significant changes in the social and economic circumstances of post-Soviet states led thousands of former Soviet citizens to immigrate to the United States.[10]Many more immigrants from the former Soviet Union, who primarily spokeRussian,chose Brighton Beach as a place to settle.[26]This included an influx of immigrants from theCaucasus,mostly from countries such asGeorgiaandAzerbaijan.[3][27][28]

A large number of Russian immigrant firms, shops, restaurants, clubs, offices, banks, schools, and children's play centers opened in the area.[29]The value of real estate in Brighton Beach started to rise again, even though drugs remained a social issue in the area through the early 1990s.[10]

In the early 2000s, a high-income ocean-front condominium complex, the "Oceana", was constructed.[30]This address has become the destination of wealthy businessmen, entertainers, and senior officials from the former Soviet Union, and with their purchase of units at the Oceana, area housing prices have risen.[29]

Since the early 2010s, a significant number ofCentral Asianimmigrants have also chosen Brighton Beach as a place to settle.[29]

Culture

[edit]

Brighton Beach Avenue runs parallel to theConey Islandbeach and boardwalk.[31]The proximity of Brighton Beach to the city's beaches and the fact that the neighborhood is directly served bya subway stationmake it a popular summer weekend destination for New York City residents.[10]

  • Brighton Beach's culture
  • Russian stores in Brighton Beach
    Russian stores in Brighton Beach
  • Backgammon players at Second Street Park in 2012
    Backgammon players at Second Street Park in 2012
  • A Russian-language bookstore under the New York City Subway tracks on Coney Island Avenue in Brighton Beach
    A Russian-language bookstore under the New York City Subway tracks onConey Island Avenuein Brighton Beach
  • Crowded Brighton Beach on a summer afternoon
    Crowded Brighton Beach on a summer afternoon
  • Water sports on Brighton Beach
    Water sports on Brighton Beach
  • Brighton Beach housing
  • The Oceana luxury condominiums on Brighton Beach, built in the early 2000s
    The Oceana luxury condominiums on Brighton Beach, built in the early 2000s
  • Juxtaposition of apartments and private homes
    Juxtaposition of apartments and private homes
  • Brighton 15th Street
    Brighton 15th Street

Russian-speaking culture

[edit]
A Brighton Beach storefront's sign, which contains both its English and Russian names.

As apartment buildings started to be built in large numbers in the 1930s, many of those who moved into the neighborhood were Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe, often by way of the Lower East Side. They came from many countries, but also set the stage for a later wave ofJewish immigrationfrom the Soviet Union that started in the 1970s, when Brighton Beach became known as "Little Odessa,"[32][33]and "Little Russia".[34]An annual festival, the Brighton Jubilee, celebrates the area'sRussian-speaking heritage,being populated heavily byRussianandUkrainian Americans.[7]The area has also been called "the land ofpelmeni,matryoshkas,tracksuits,and...vodka"due to its large population of Soviet immigrants.[35]

In 2006,Alec Brook-Krasnywas elected for the 46th District of theNew York State Assembly,which includes Brighton Beach, becoming the country's first electedSoviet-born politician.[36]

Demographics

[edit]
See also:Demographics of Brooklyn

Based on data from the2010 United States Census,the population of Brighton Beach was 35,547, an increase of 303 (0.9%) from the 35,244 counted in2000.Covering an area of 393.32 acres (159.17 ha), the neighborhood had a population density of 90.4 inhabitants per acre (57,900/sq mi; 22,300/km2).[2]The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 69.7% (24,774)White,1.0% (352)African American,0.2% (61)Native American,12.9% (4,580)Asian,0.0% (10)Pacific Islander,0.4% (139) fromother races,and 1.2% (442) from two or more races.HispanicorLatinoof any race were 14.6% (5,189) of the population.[37]

As of 1983,Brighton Beach had a middle-class, mostly Jewish, older population. 27% of Brighton Beach was of age 62 or older, while the national average of persons aged 62 or older was 13.9%.[38]Since the 1990s, however, the neighborhood's ethnic demographics have been changing, with a large influx of mainly Muslim immigrants from Central Asia, such asUzbeks.[29]In subsequent years, the proportion of whites leveled out, the proportion of the black population decreased significantly, and the proportion of the Asian population increased to 14% as of 2014.[39]As of 2010,increasing numbers of MuslimCentral Asianswere moving into Brighton Beach, and based on the historic Soviet influence over these areas, these immigrants also speak Russian.[29][40]

According to the United States Census report of 2010, Brighton Beach and Coney Island, combined, had 111,063 residents as of 2009.[41]In that year, the median age of the combined Brighton Beach and Coney Island area was 47.9 years, substantially higher than the median age in Brooklyn of 34.2 and inNew York Cityas a whole at 36.0.[41]As DiNapoli and Bleiwas note in a city report, "the number of residents aged 65 years and older in [this area] rose by 4.1 percent, so that senior citizens accounted for more than one-quarter of the area's population" at that date.[41]According to the census, the population density in Brighton Beach, per se (52,109 people per square mile), was almost twice the average population density of New York City (27,012 people per square mile), though the average household size was 2.1 people, lower than the city average of 2.6 people. The average income of households in the area was $36,574, while the average income in the whole city was $55,217, according to the 2010 census. In Brighton Beach, 21% of the population lives below thepoverty line,[39]compared to only 15.4% citywide.[42]

Most of the population of Brighton Beach are immigrants. Less than a quarter (23.3%) of Brighton Beach residents were born in the United States, and nearly three-quarters were born abroad (72.9%). Because of this, English language proficiency in Brighton Beach is lower than the city average. More than a third (36.1%) of the population of Brighton Beach does not speak or understand English, while citywide, only one in fourteen people (7.2%) cannot speak or understand English.[41]

New York City Department of City Planningshowed that in the 2020 census data that there were between 20,000 and 29,000 White residents and between 5,000 and 9,999 Asian residents, meanwhile each the Hispanic and Black populations were each less than 5000 residents.[43][44]

Theater

[edit]

TheBrighton Ballet Theater,established in 1987, is one of the most famous Russian ballet schools in the United States.[45]More than 3,000 children have trained in ballet, modern and character dances, and folk dances here.[45]

A Russian-speaking theater near the waterfront,Master Theater[ru],formerly the Millennium Theater and the Oceana Theatre,[46]features performances by actors from the U.S., Russia, and other countries.[47]

Police and crime

[edit]

Brighton Beach is patrolled by theNYPD's 60th Precinct, located at 2950 West Eighth Street.[4]The 60th Precinct ranked 34th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010. Between 1993 and 2010, major crimes decreased by 72%, including a 76% decrease in robberies, 71% decrease in felony assaults, and 67% decrease in shootings.[48]The 60th Precinct has a substantially lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 77.5% between 1990 and 2022. The precinct reported five murders, 16 rapes, 179 robberies, 373 felony assaults, 159 burglaries, 527 grand larcenies, and 121 grand larcenies auto in 2022.[49]

Brighton Beach is considered a hot spot for theRussian Bratva,[50]though public perception has been that organized crime "has largely gone away."[51]In the 1970s, the most notorious leg of the mafia was thePotato Bag Gang,[52]which served as a robbery gang for larger Russian crime syndicates in New York City.Marat Balagulawas a crime boss from Brighton Beach who denies having any connection to theAmerican Mafiaor the Russian-speaking Mafia.[citation needed]The major Russian criminal element in Brighton Beach was the international Russian mafia group, known asvor v zakoneor "vory," and the first vory crime boss in Brighton Beach wasEvsei Agron,who controlled the area's crime during the 1970s and 1980s until his death in 1985.[53]After thefall of the Soviet Unionin the 1990s, many ethnic Russian criminals illegally entered theUnited States,coming especially to Brighton Beach.[citation needed]The infamous vorVyacheslav Ivankov,who dominated the Brighton Beach underworld until his arrest in 1995, arrived during this wave.[54]

Fire safety

[edit]

TheNew York City Fire Department(FDNY) operates the Engine Co. 246/Ladder Co. 169firehouseat 2732 East 11th Street.[55][56]

Post office and ZIP Code

[edit]

Brighton Beach'sZIP Codeis 11235.[57]TheUnited States Postal Serviceoperates the Brighton Station post office at 3157 Coney Island Avenue.[58]

Parks

[edit]

There are several public parks in Brighton Beach, operated by theNew York City Department of Parks and Recreation:

  • TheConey Island Boardwalk and Beachrun along the coastline south of Brighton Beach.[33]
  • Brighton Beach Playground, located on the Boardwalk at Brighton 2nd Street and Brightwater Court, was built in 1950 and renovated in the late 1990s.[59]
  • Asser Levy Park located near the Boardwalk between Surf Avenue and Sea Breeze Avenue.[60]
  • Century Playground, located on the site of former summer bungalows near PS 370, was built in the late 1960s and renovated in 2012.[61]
  • Grady Playground, located on an irregular area between Shore Parkway, Brighton 3rd Street, and Brighton 4th Street. It contains baseball fields, basketball courts, handball courts, playgrounds, and water spray showers.[62]
  • A traffic island at Brighton 14th Street, Corbin Place, and Ocean View Avenue was dedicated as Babi Yar Triangle in 1981, in honor of the victims of theBabi Yarmassacre, and renovated in 1988.[63]

Transportation

[edit]
TheBrighton Beachsubway station

TheNew York City Subwayserves the neighborhood at theBrighton Beach(Band ​Qtrains) andOcean Parkway(Qtrain) stations. Both are located on the elevatedBrighton Linestructure over Brighton Beach Avenue.[64]Buses serving Brighton Beach include theB1,B4,B36andB68.[65]

Education

[edit]
P.S. 253 Ezra Jack Keats International School/The Magnet School of Multicultural Humanities
P.S. 225 The Eileen E. Zaglin School

Schools

[edit]

Brighton Beach is served by theNew York City Department of Education.Primary and middle schools within Brighton Beach include P.S. 225 The Eileen E. Zaglin School for grades K–8,[66][67]and P.S. 253 the Ezra Jack Keats International School.[68]In 1983, the Community School District 21 operated PS 225, PS 253, and Junior High School 302.[38]During that year, over 62% of its students read at or above their grade level, far above the national average.[38]PS 100, The Coney Island School for grades K–5[69][70][71][72]and 303 Herbert S. Eisenberg are both located nearby in Coney Island.[71][73][74]

William E. Grady CTE High School,avocational school,is located in Brighton Beach.[75]Abraham Lincoln High School,an academic high school, is in Coney Island.[71][76]In 1983 Lincoln was the zoned academic high school of Brighton Beach.[38]Other nearby high schools include theRachel Carson High School for Coastal Studies[77]andThe Leon M. Goldstein High School for the Sciences.[78]

Library

[edit]

TheBrooklyn Public Library's Brighton Beach branch is located at 16 Brighton First Road, near Brighton Beach Avenue. The branch contains a large collection of media in Russian. The branch opened in December 1949, but due to high patronage, moved to its current location in 1964. The branch was renovated in the early 1990s.[79]

[edit]

The neighborhood has been mentioned or appears many times in popular culture:

Notable residents

[edit]

Notable current and former residents of Brighton Beach include:

In addition, Disco Freddy (also called Larry the Unbelievable at the beginning of his public career), was one of the notable characters on the Riegelmann Boardwalk during the late 1970s through the early 1980s. During his performing heyday, he was about 60 years old.[112]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ab"NYC Planning | Community Profiles".communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov.New York City Department of City Planning.RetrievedMarch 18,2019.
  2. ^abTable PL-P5 NTA: Total Population and Persons Per Acre – New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas*, 2010,Population Division –New York CityDepartment of City Planning, February 2012. Accessed June 16, 2016.
  3. ^abYurenev, Alexey; Akhtiorskaya, Yelena (December 14, 2018)."Welcome to Брайтон Бич, Brooklyn".The New York Times.ISSN0362-4331.RetrievedJanuary 26,2020.
  4. ^ab"NYPD – 60th Precinct".www.nyc.gov.New York City Police Department.RetrievedOctober 3,2016.
  5. ^Current City Council Districts for Kings County,New York City.Accessed May 5, 2017.
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  7. ^abcdefgWilliams, Keith."Brighton Beach: Old World mentality, New World reality".The Weekly Nabe.RetrievedJuly 29,2012.
  8. ^abcStanton, Jeffrey (1997)."Coney Island — Luxury Hotels".Coney Island History Site.RetrievedNovember 12,2015.
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  10. ^abcdefghijk"Brighton Beach History".Our Brooklyn.Brooklyn Public Library.August 30, 1936. Archived fromthe originalon November 17, 2015.RetrievedJuly 23,2018.
  11. ^"The Real Brighton Beach".The New Yorker.March 29, 2010.RetrievedJuly 23,2018.
  12. ^abcPhalen, William (2016).Coney Island: 150 years of rides, fires, floods, the rich, the poor and finally Robert Moses.Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers.ISBN978-0-7864-9816-1.OCLC933438460.
  13. ^"Engeman's New Bathing Hotel".Brooklyn Daily Eagle.July 1, 1878. p. 1.RetrievedJuly 23,2018– via Brooklyn Public Library; newspapers.com.
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  25. ^https://www.mazeldayschool.com/templates/articlecco_cdo/aid/2956935/jewish/Our-History.htm.{{cite web}}:Missing or empty|title=(help)
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  37. ^Table PL-P3A NTA: Total Population by Mutually Exclusive Race and Hispanic Origin – New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas*, 2010,Population Division –New York CityDepartment of City Planning, March 29, 2011. Accessed June 14, 2016.
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  45. ^abSee:
  46. ^Weaver, Shaye (August 4, 2019)."Brighton Beach's 'Little Odesa' offers a culturally rich day trip".amNewYork.RetrievedAugust 24,2023.
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  64. ^"Subway Map"(PDF).Metropolitan Transportation Authority.September 2021.RetrievedSeptember 17,2021.
  65. ^"Brooklyn Bus Map"(PDF).Metropolitan Transportation Authority.October 2020.RetrievedDecember 1,2020.
  66. ^"Directions – P.S. K225 – The Eileen E. Zaglin – K225 – New York City Department of Education".schools.nyc.gov.RetrievedJune 27,2017.
  67. ^Rich, Motoko (2009)."In Web Age, Library Job Gets Update".The New York Times.RetrievedOctober 15,2012.
  68. ^"Directions – P.S. 253 – K253 – New York City Department of Education".schools.nyc.gov.RetrievedJune 27,2017.
  69. ^Fertig, Beth (2012)."Test Driving a Pilot Teacher Evaluation System".The New York Times.RetrievedOctober 15,2012.Ms. Moloney has been testing a new framework for evaluating teachers this year at the school, which is actually in Brighton Beach...
  70. ^"The Magnet School of Media Arts & Communication".nyc.gov. July 22, 2015.RetrievedNovember 12,2015.
  71. ^abcScharfenberg, David (2006)."Safety Belts On? Renewal Has Its Hazards".The New York Times.RetrievedNovember 12,2015.
  72. ^"Map of Brighton Beach environs"(JPG).Graphics8.nytimes.com.RetrievedNovember 11,2015.Coney Island, which has a residential population of about 53,000, is bounded by the Belt Parkway to the north, Ocean Parkway to the east and the Atlantic Ocean to the south.
  73. ^Hughes, C. J. (2010)."Waterfront Living That Doesn't Break the Bank".The New York Times.RetrievedOctober 15,2012.
  74. ^"Welcome To I.S. 303 Academy for Career Exploration – I.S. 303 Herbert S. Eisenberg – K303 – New York City Department of Education".schools.nyc.gov.RetrievedJune 27,2017.
  75. ^"Student, 17, Is Shot in Brighton Beach".The New York Times.2012.RetrievedNovember 11,2015.
  76. ^"Welcome".nyc.gov. July 23, 2015.RetrievedNovember 12,2015.
  77. ^"Directions – Rachel Carson High School for Coastal Studies – K344 – New York City Department of Education".schools.nyc.gov.RetrievedJune 27,2017.
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  79. ^"History".Brooklyn Public Library.November 7, 2016.RetrievedFebruary 23,2019.
  80. ^Gaidai, Leonid (October 8, 2015)."There's Good Weather on Deribasovskaya, It's Raining Again in Brighton Beach (Na Deribasovskoi khoroshaia pogoda, ili Na Braiton bich opiat' idut dozhdi, 1992)".KinoKultura.RetrievedDecember 22,2015.
  81. ^Ebert, Roger."Little Odessa Movie Review & Film Summary (1995) | Roger Ebert".www.rogerebert.com.RetrievedDecember 22,2016.
  82. ^Van Gelder, Lawrence (September 14, 1996)."Double the Fun? Or Just the Bodies?".www.nytimes.com.RetrievedDecember 22,2016.
  83. ^Mitchell, Elvis."Film Review; Addicted to Drugs and Drug Rituals",The New York Times,October 6, 2000. Accessed September 3, 2019. "It's never clear when the movie is set, but its Brighton Beach isn't pretty."
  84. ^Sorokina, Anna (July 19, 2017)."Which American cities starred in Russian movies?".Russia Beyond.RetrievedApril 12,2022.
  85. ^Fairbanks, Amanda M."Brighton Beach, N.J.",The New York Times,February 27, 2009. Accessed February 26, 2017. "IN scene after scene inTwo Lovers,the new movie starring Gwyneth Paltrow and Joaquin Phoenix as a star-crossed couple, the Brooklyn neighborhood of Brighton Beach is on lush display. "
  86. ^Swartzfell, Griffin."Netflix Picks:Lords of War"ArchivedJanuary 20, 2018, at theWayback Machine,Colorado Springs Independent,August 23, 2015. Accessed January 19, 2018. "Lord of Waris the tale of the American dream gone as wrong as possible. Yuri Orlov (Cage) and his family fled the Ukraine for Brighton Beach. "
  87. ^"Vectorby Robin Cook ",Kirkus Reviews.Accessed February 26, 2017. "An anti-Semite, Yuri feels dismissed as a human being by American Zionists and has set up a bioweapons lab in his basement in Brighton Beach, undertaking what he calls Operation Revenge."
  88. ^Salita, Mikhail (July 27, 2015).B is for Brighton Beach.Best Seller Press Publishing House.ISBN978-0-9913729-2-8.OCLC921888563.
  89. ^Салита, Михаил (November 9, 2014).Принцесса Брайтона: правнучка Мишки Япончика.Best Seller Press Publishing House.ISBN978-0-9862515-0-4.OCLC1008581680.
  90. ^"Lifetime TV Shows – myLifetime.com".myLifetime.com. Archived fromthe originalon November 12, 2015.RetrievedNovember 12,2015.
  91. ^Albert, Marv."Back Home in Brooklyn, Marv Albert Welcomes a New Resident",The New York Times,October 29, 2012. Accessed November 9, 2021. "Growing up in Brighton Beach and Manhattan Beach, I was as passionate about basketball as baseball."
  92. ^"In New York, the 'father of the Russian mafia' died: who was Marat Balagula",Forum Daily, December 28, 2019. Accessed November 9, 2021. "Balagula emigrated to the USA from Odesa in 1977 and settled in the Brighton Beach area of Brooklyn, where he became a co-owner of one of the first Russian restaurants 'Sadko', and then 'Odesa', where Willie Tokarev sang for many years."
  93. ^Hicks, Jonathan P."Two Comptroller Candidates Try to Make No. 3 Job Visible",The New York Times,March 14, 2001. Accessed September 3, 2019. "Over three recent days, Councilman Herbert E. Berman took his quest to a civic association dinner in Queens, a church organization dinner in Brooklyn, appearances before political clubs and an interview by the Working Families Party.... Mr. Berman, 67, grew up in Brighton Beach and Coney Island."
  94. ^Blas, Howard."Former Jewish Phenom Brodsky Back In The Swing Of Things; 'I did have the bug to start playing little by little,' reports Brodsky, 'And I felt I still had the goods!'",The Jerusalem Post,September 3, 2018. Accessed September 3, 2019. "Brodsky, an only child, was born Jewish, in the Ukraine, and moved to Brighton Beach, Brooklyn, at the age of two."
  95. ^Sengupta, Somini."Neighborhood Report: Brooklyn Up Close; Ever the Loyal Democrat, Lachman Reaps His Reward",The New York Times,January 28, 1986. Accessed September 3, 2019. "The nomination process 'gives party insiders a lot more clout than in a primary, because you don't reach the general voter,' said one of Mr. Lachman's unsuccessful rivals, Adele Cohen, a union attorney from Brighton Beach."
  96. ^"Eddie Daniels"[permanent dead link],National Public Radio.Accessed February 26, 2017. "Clarinetist Eddie Daniels was born in 1941 and raised in the Brighton Beach neighborhood of Brookly, New York, NY."
  97. ^Daniels, Karu F."Neil Diamond biographical musical headed to Broadway",New York Daily News,July 1, 2019. Accessed September 3, 2019. "Neil Diamond's life story is heading to Broadway, it was announced Monday.... The 78-year-old native of Brighton Beach, Brooklyn, quit touring in 2018 when he was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease."
  98. ^Grimes, William."Jane Freilicher, 90, a Lyrical Painter of Long Island Landscapes, Is Dead",The New York Times,December 10, 2014. Accessed September 3, 2019. "She was born Jane Niederhoffer on Nov. 29, 1924, in the Flatbush neighborhood of Brooklyn and grew up in Brighton Beach."
  99. ^Berger, Joseph (2004)."Vintage Pop Star With the Soul of a Bar Mitzvah Boy".The New York Times.RetrievedSeptember 23,2009.Several years before enrolling in Juilliard, he had been introduced to a neighbor with a touch of the poet, Howard Greenfield, and they became a songwriting team for the next 20 years.
  100. ^Simon, Joe.Joe Simon: My Life in Comicsp. 74.Titan Books,2011.ISBN9781845769307.Accessed September 3, 2019. "Like most guys in the business, Al Harvey had shortened his name, and more than most.... He and his brothers grew up in Brighton Beach, Brooklyn."
  101. ^Zaklikowski, Dovid."Rabbi David B. Hollander, Defender of Jewish Faith and Practice, Passes Away",Chabad,February 18, 2009. Accessed February 26, 2017. "Hollander remained at the Mount Eden Jewish Center until its closing in 1980 due to the migration of Jews to other areas of the city. His next pulpit, which he held until his passing, was at the Hebrew Alliance Congregation in the Brighton Beach section of Brooklyn."
  102. ^Tyre, Peg."A Russian mob grows in Brooklyn Law officials finger alleged 'godfather'",CNN,May 23, 1996. Accessed September 3, 2019. "Vyacheslav Ivankov allegedly runs the Russian mob from his Brooklyn stronghold and has strong ties to the Mafia as well. Ivankov lives in Brighton Beach, sometimes called Little Odesa."
  103. ^Rondeaux, Candace."The Murder of a Russian Boxer",The Village Voice,February 19, 2002. Accessed September 3, 2019. "There definitely was more to Sergei Kobozev than his violent end. He first earned his rep fighting for the Soviet national boxing team at the Seoul Olympics in 1988. When he moved to Brighton Beach in 1991 he was part of a wave of Soviet bloc boxers recruited by Gallagher to go pro in the States."
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  106. ^Haberman, Clyde."For Voice of Straphangers, a Journey Without Stops",The New York Times,August 25, 2013. Accessed September 3, 2019. "Gene Russianoff, who has spent most of his adult life reflecting upon and fretting about New York City's subways, remembers the first time he rode a train alone.... 'We lived in Brighton Beach, exactly where the el is — now the B, then the D,' he said over breakfast at a diner near his office in Lower Manhattan."
  107. ^Dettelbach, Cynthia (2004)."From angst-ridden teenager to world-class music star".Cleveland Jewish News.Archived fromthe originalon November 3, 2012.RetrievedSeptember 23,2009.That includes instant face and name recognition, a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, a place in the Songwriters Hall of Fame, and even a street named after him in his native Brighton Beach, Brooklyn.
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  109. ^"Thomashefsky, 71, Yiddish Actor, Dies; He Introduced the Theatre to His People on the East Side Delighting Packed Houses Shakespeare Enthusiast Had Bard's Works Translated --Wrote 500 Plays--Brought Bertha Kalich to America",The New York Times,July 10, 1939. Accessed September 3, 2019. "For years, he lived in Brighton Beach."
  110. ^"The Tokens – Inductees – The Vocal Group Hall of Fame Foundation".vocalgroup.org. Archived fromthe originalon July 17, 2014.RetrievedNovember 12,2015.
  111. ^Serrin, William."A Leader For The Little Guy",The New York Times,September 12, 1982. Accessed September 3, 2019. "Jerry Wurf was one of the most remarkable union men of this century. Born in New York City in 1919 to immigrant parents from Austria and Hungary, he was stricken with polio when he was 4 years old, spent much of his youth in a wheelchair and always walked with a limp. The family settled in the Brighton Beach section of Brooklyn where the bookish boy came into early contact with the politically militant left-wing groups of the Depression Era, including the Young People's Socialist League, in which he was active before the war."
  112. ^Abramovitch, Ilana; Galvin, Seán (2001).The Jews of Brooklyn.Hanover, N.H.: Brandeis University Press, University Press of New England. p. 99.ISBN978-1-58465-003-4.RetrievedMay 15,2015.

Further reading

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