Jump to content

Rhodesian Special Air Service

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Rhodesian Special Air Service
Flaming sword[1]symbol of the SAS
Active1951 – December 31, 1980
CountryRhodesia
AllegianceBritish Empire(until 1965)
Rhodesia(1965–70)
Republic of Rhodesia(1970–79)
Zimbabwe Rhodesia(1979)
BranchRhodesian Army
TypeSpecial forces
Motto(s)Who Dares Wins
ColorsLight Blue
EngagementsMalayan Emergency
Northern Rhodesia
Aden
Rhodesian Bush War

TheRhodesian Special Air ServiceorRhodesian SASwas aspecial forcesunit of theRhodesian Army.It comprised:

C Squadron,Special Air ServiceRegiment was formed during theMalayan Emergencyby volunteers fromRhodesia.It was disbanded in 1953 and became the nucleus of "C" Squadron (Rhodesian) Special Air Service, operational from 1961. In June 1978 "C" Squadron (Rhodesian) Special Air Service became 1 (Rhodesian) Special Air Service Regiment untilRhodesiabecameZimbabwein 1980.

Formation[edit]

Main article:Southern Rhodesian military involvement in the Malayan Emergency

During theMalayan campaign(1951–1953), a group of men fromSouthern Rhodesiavolunteered to go toMalayaand were initially known as "The Far East Volunteer Group" later to become theMalayan Scouts.[2]: 9 While in Malaya, they were renamed as "C" Squadron (Malayan Scouts).[2]: 9 When British 22 SAS was officially named as British unit at the end of 1951, with its "A", "B" Squadrons, the Rhodesian contingent was renamed C (Rhodesia) Squadron 22 SAS.[2]: 9 When "C" Squadron concluded their tour of duty in March 1953,[2]: 9 they came back to Southern Rhodesia and the unit was disbanded.

Re-formation in Rhodesia[edit]

The formation of the Rhodesian SAS goes back to November 1959 when it was decided in the Federal Assembly to form a Parachute Evaluation Detachment to examine the practicalities of military parachuting and parachute training in theFederation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland,with a view to the possible formation of an airborne unit. This was announced by the then Federal Minister of DefenceJohn Moore Caldicott,but it wasSir Roy Welenskywho was the reported driving force behind the reforming of what was to become the SAS.

In 1960 a detachment ofRAFarrived under Squadron Leader E. Minter to conduct the training of the Parachute Evaluation Detachment (PED). By March 1960, the PED was complete and those on the course were presented their wings by the said Minister of Defence. The "experiment" was a complete success and in July decided to form a regular European Special Air Services Squadron. In late 1960, No 1 Training Unit was formed, and once assembled and trained they would form the nucleus of what was to become: 1Rhodesian Light Infantry(RLI) and "C" Squadron SAS.

In early 1961 six volunteers from the Air Force were sent toRAF Abingdonin England for parachute instructor training and a further group of volunteer officers and NCOs to complete a selection course with the SAS in Britain. On their return, they called for volunteers from No. 1 Training Unit and in August 1961 the first of many selection courses was run in the Matopos just outside Bulawayo. No 1 basic training course completed their training in November and were presented their wings by Sir Malcolm Barrow, and then Deputy Prime Minister.

In late 1961 the SAS were moved to Ndola Barracks,Ndolain Northern Rhodesia along with the Selous Scouts Armoured Car Regiment. By July the following year, No 9 basic course received their wings from the Federal Prime Minister himself, SirRoy Welensky.In August 1962, the Unit had sufficient men to become operational and became known as "C" Squadron (Rhodesian) Special Air Service.

With the breakup of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland at the end of December 1963, the Squadron was virtually destroyed when members were offered either a "golden handshake"or to return with unit to Southern Rhodesia.[2]: 163 The unit, at the point of the federal dissolution, consisted of 193 men.[2]: 163 Only thirty-one men returned to reform the SAS.[2]: 163 The rest, some returned to their original units, others joined the new Zambian Army, some joinedMike Hoarein the Congo, and many others returned to civilian life.[2]: 163 The new commanding officer became Major Dudley Coventry.[2]: 163 The unit was relocated to Cranborne Barracks inSalisbury.The initial years after the break-up found the unit having difficulty in attracting recruits. This was largely due to the high standards required of an SAS soldier and also due to the "ill feeling" between the SAS and the RLI (from where most of the recruits should have been selected).

Nevertheless, both the SAS and the RLI played crucial roles in the domestic counter-insurgency effort during theRhodesian Bush War.The SAS and theSelous Scouts,were the principal special forces units used in external operations. In terms of some of the most important of the external operations, the SAS and RLI both participated inOperation Dingo,in November 1977, which was one of the most successful operations conducted during the war, where more than 3,000 ZANLA fighters were killed and 5,000 wounded.

The numbers of men in the SAS went up to approximately 250 when in June 1978 "C" Squadron (Rhodesian) Special Air Service became 1 (Rhodesian) Special Air Service Regiment.[3]The unit moved to their new barracks calledKabritin 1979 and continued to serve with outstanding success and distinction[citation needed]until it was disbanded with the transition to black majority rule on 31 December 1980 as Rhodesia becameZimbabwe.

"D" Squadron was the "cover" name given to theSouth African Special Forces,[4]Alpha Group from1 Reconnaissance Commando(1 RC) & Bravo Group from 5 Reconnaissance Commando who worked alongside "C" Squadron SAS in the South-East corner of Rhodesia and Gaza Province, of Mozambique both separately and jointly from late 1977 – June 1978. SA personnel were also deployed with Rhodesian SAS on Op Splinter on Lake Kariba, in 1978.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^The Originals by Gordon StevensISBN978-0-09-190182-0,Page 57, "(Bob Bennet)....designed by Bob Tait....he called it a Flaming Sword, but it became a winged dagger over the years", "(Johnny Cooper)....Bob Tait MM & Bar....designed it......and it's not a winged dagger. They're flames. The sword of Excalibur. When" The Winged Dagger "came out we laughed our heads off."
  2. ^abcdefghiPittaway, Jonathan; Fourie, Craig (2003).SAS Rhodesia: Rhodesians and the Special Air Service.Internet Archive. Musgrave: Dandy Agencies.ISBN978-0-620-29347-1.
  3. ^Abbott, Peter (2001).Modern African Wars (I): Rhodesia 1965–80.London:Osprey Publishing.p. 18.
  4. ^Baxter, Peter (2011).Selous Scouts. Rhodesian Counter-insurgency specialists.West Midlands, England: Helion & Company Limited. p. 86.ISBN9781908916020.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rhodesian_Special_Air_Service&oldid=1191163040"