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Capcom

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Capcom Co., Ltd.
Native name
Chu thức hội xã カプコン
Kabushiki-gaisha Kapukon
Company typePublic
TYO:9697
IndustryVideo games
FoundedMay 30, 1979;45 years ago(1979-05-30)[1]
FounderKenzo Tsujimoto
HeadquartersChūō-ku,Osaka,Japan
Key people
  • Kenzo Tsujimoto(Chairman and CEO)
  • Haruhiro Tsujimoto(President and COO)
ProductsComplete list of games
RevenueIncrease¥110.1billion (2022)[2]
Increase¥44.3billion (2022)[2]
Increase¥32.6billion (2022)[2]
OwnerTsujimoto family (22.71%)
Public Investment Fund(5%)[3]
Number of employees
3,531 (2024)[4]
DivisionsDevelopment Division 1
Development Division 2
SubsidiariesCapcom U.S.A.
Capcom Europe
Capcom Taiwan
Capcom Singapore
Capcom Maintenance Service Co., Ltd.
Enterrise Co., Ltd.
K2 Co., Ltd.
Swordcanes Studio Co., Ltd.
Adelion Co., Ltd.
Capcom Asia Co., Ltd.
Leostar Co., Ltd.
Capcom Entertainment Germany GmbH.
Capcom Entertainment France SAS
Capcom Pictures Inc.
Websitewww.capcom.com

Capcom Co., Ltd.(Japanese:Chu thức hội xã カプコン,Hepburn:Kabushiki-gaisha Kapukon)is a Japanesevideo game company.It has created a number of critically acclaimed andmulti-million-selling game franchises,with its most commercially successful beingResident Evil,Monster Hunter,Street Fighter,Mega Man,Devil May Cry,Dead Rising,Dragon's Dogma,Ace Attorney,andMarvel vs. Capcom.Established in 1979, it has become an international enterprise with subsidiaries inEast Asia(Hong Kong),Europe(London,England), andNorth America(San Francisco,California).

History[edit]

Capcom's predecessor, I.R.M. Corporation, was founded on May 30, 1979[5]byKenzo Tsujimoto,who was still president ofIrem Corporationwhen he founded I.R.M. He worked at both companies at the same time until leaving Irem in 1983.

The original companies that spawned Capcom's Japan branch were I.R.M. and its subsidiary Japan Capsule Computers Co., Ltd., both of which were devoted to the manufacture and distribution of electronic game machines.[6]The two companies underwent a name change to Sanbi Co., Ltd. in September 1981.[6]On June 11, 1983, Tsujimoto established Capcom Co., Ltd.[5]for the purpose of taking over the internal sales department.[7]

In January 1989, Capcom Co., Ltd. merged with Sanbi Co., Ltd., resulting in the current Japan branch.[6]The name Capcom is aclipped compoundof "CapsuleComputers ", a term coined by the company for thearcade machinesit solely manufactured in its early years, designed to set themselves apart frompersonal computersthat were becoming widespread.[8]"Capsule" alludes to how Capcom likened its game software to "a capsule packed to the brim with gaming fun", and to the company's desire to protect its intellectual property with a hard outer shell, preventing illegal copies and inferior imitations.[8]

Capcom's first product was themedal gameLittle League(1983). It released its firstarcade video game,Vulgus(May 1984).[6]Starting with the arcade hit1942(1984), they began designing games with international markets in mind.[9]The successful 1985 arcade gamesCommandoandGhosts 'n Goblinshave been credited as the products "that shot [Capcom] to 8-bitsiliconstardom "in the mid-1980s. Starting withCommando(late 1985), Capcom began licensing their arcade games for release onhome computers,notably to British software housesElite SystemsandU.S. Goldin the late 1980s.[10]

Beginning with aNintendo Entertainment Systemport of1942(published in Dec. 1985), the company ventured into the market ofhome consolevideo games,[6]which would eventually become its main business.[11]The Capcom USA division had a brief stint in the late 1980s as avideo game publisherforCommodore 64andIBM PC DOScomputers, although development of these arcade ports was handled by other companies. Capcom created home video game franchises, includingResident Evilin 1996,[12]while their highest-grossing title is thefighting gameStreet Fighter II(1991), driven largely by its success in arcades.[13]

In the late 1980s, Capcom was on the verge of bankruptcy when the development of a stripMahjonggame calledMahjong Gakuenstarted. It outsoldGhouls 'n Ghosts,the eighth highest-grossingarcade game of 1989in Japan, and is credited with saving the company from financial crisis.[14][15]

Capcom has been noted as the last major publisher to be committed to 2D games, though it was not entirely by choice. The company's commitment to theSuper Nintendo Entertainment Systemas its platform of choice caused them to lag behind other leading publishers in developing 3D-capable arcade boards.[16]Also, the 2D animated cartoon-style graphics seen in games such asDarkstalkers: The Night WarriorsandX-Men: Children of the Atomproved popular, leading Capcom to adopt them as a signature style and use them in more games.[16]

In 1990, Capcom entered thebowlingindustry withBowlingo.It was acoin-operated,electro-mechanical,fully automated miniten-pin bowlinginstallation. It was smaller than a standardbowling alley,designed to be smaller and cheaper foramusement arcades.Bowlingodrew significant earnings in North America upon release in 1990.[17]

In 1994, Capcom adapted itsStreet Fighterseries of fighting games intoa film of the same name.While commercially successful, it was critically panned.A 2002 adaptation of itsResident Evilseries faced similar criticism but was also successful in theaters. The company sees films as a way to build sales for its video games.[18]

Capcom debunked rumors that it was leaving the arcade business in 2001.[19]While it did remain in the business in Japan, it gradually left the American market in 2003 and closedits arcade subsidiaryin March 2004.[20]

Capcom partnered withNyu Mediain 2011 to publish and distribute the Japaneseindependent(dōjin soft) games that Nyulocalizedinto the English language.[21]The company works with the Polish localization company QLOC toportCapcom's games to other platforms;[22]notably, examples areDmC: Devil May Cry's PC version and itsPlayStation 4andXbox Oneremasters,Dragon's Dogma's PC version, andDead Rising's version on PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and PC.

In 2012, Capcom came under criticism for controversial sales tactics, such as the implementation of disc-locked content, which requires players to pay for additional content that is already available within the game's files, most notably inStreet Fighter X Tekken.The company defended the practice.[23]It has also been criticized for other business decisions, such as not releasing certain games outside of Japan (most notably theSengoku Basaraseries), abruptly cancelling anticipated projects (most notablyMega Man Legends 3), and shutting downClover Studio.[24][25][26]

On August 27, 2014, Capcom filed apatent infringementlawsuit againstKoei Tecmo Gamesat the Osaka District Court for 980 million yen in damage. Capcom claimed Koei Tecmo infringed a patent it obtained in 2002 regarding a play feature in video games.[27]

In 2015, the PlayStation 4 version ofUltra Street Fighter IVwas pulled from the Capcom Pro Tour due to numerous technical issues and bugs.[28]In 2016, Capcom releasedStreet Fighter Vwith very limited single player content. At launch, there were stability issues with the game's network that booted players mid-game even when they were not playing in an online mode.[29]Street Fighter Vfailed to meet its sales target of 2 million in March 2016.[30]On January 28, 2019, Capcom announced thatSegawould take over technical services for its arcade games starting in April.[31][32]

On November 2, 2020, the company reported that its servers were affected byransomware,scrambling its data, and the threat actors, the Ragnar Locker hacker group, had allegedly stolen 1TB of sensitive corporate data and were blackmailing Capcom to pay them to remove the ransomware. By mid-November, the group began putting information from the hack online, which included contact information for up to 350,000 of the company's employees and partners, as well as plans for upcoming games, indicating that Capcom opted to not pay the group. Capcom affirmed that no credit-card or other sensitive financial information was obtained in the hack.[33]

In 2021, Capcom removed appearances of theRising Sun Flagfrom their rerelease ofStreet Fighter II.Although Capcom did not provide an official explanation for the flag's removal, due to the flag-related controversy, it is speculated that it was done so to avoid offending segments of the international gaming community.[34][35][36]

Artist and author Judy A. Juracek filed a lawsuit in June 2021 against Capcom forcopyright infringement.In the court filings, she asserted Capcom had used images from her 1996 bookSurfaces[37]in their cover art and otherassetsforResident Evil 4,Devil May Cryand other games. This was discovered due to the 2020 Capcom data breach, with several files and images matching those that were included within the book's companionCD-ROM.The court filings noted one image file of a metal surface, named ME0009 in Capcom's files, to have the same exact name on the book's CD-ROM. Juracek was seeking over$12 millionin damages and $2,500 to $25,000 in false copyright management for each photograph Capcom used.[38]Before a court date could be made, the matter was settled "amicably" in February 2022.[39]It comes on the heels of Capcom being accused by Dutch movie director Richard Raaphorst of copying the monster design of his movieFrankenstein's Armyinto their gameResident Evil Village.[40]

In February 2022, it was reported byBloombergthat Saudi Arabia'sPublic Investment Fundhad purchased a 5% stake in Capcom, for an approximate value of US$332 million.[3]

In July 2023, Capcom acquired Tokyo-based computer graphics studio Swordcanes Studio.[41]

Corporate structure[edit]

Development divisions[edit]

In its beginning few years, Capcom's Japan branch had three development groups referred to as "Planning Rooms", led byTokuro Fujiwara,Takashi NishiyamaandYoshiki Okamoto.[42][43]Later, games developed internally were created by several numbered "Production Studios", each assigned to different games.[44][45]Starting in 2002, the development process was reformed to better share technologies and expertise, and the individual studios were gradually restructured into bigger departments responsible for different tasks.[45]While there are self-contained departments for the creation of arcade, pachinko and pachislot, online, and mobile games, the Consumer Games R&D Division is an amalgamation of subsections in charge of game development stages.[45][46][47]

Capcom has two internal Consumer Games Development divisions:

In addition to these teams, Capcom commissions outside development studios to ensure a steady output of titles.[51][52]However, following poor sales ofDark VoidandBionic Commando,its management has decided to limit outsourcing to sequels and newer versions of installments in existing franchises, reserving the development of original titles for its in-house teams.[53]The production of games, budgets, and platform support are decided on in development approval meetings, attended by the company management and the marketing, sales and quality control departments.[45]

Although the company often relies on existing franchises, it has also published and developed several titles for theXbox 360,PlayStation 3,andWiibased on original intellectual property:Lost Planet: Extreme Condition,Dead Rising,Dragon's Dogma,Asura's Wrath,andZack and Wiki.[54]During this period, Capcom also helped publish several original titles from up-and-coming Western developers, includingRemember Me,Dark Void,andSpyborgs,titles other publishers were not willing to gamble on.[55][56]Other games of note are the titlesŌkami,Ōkamiden,andGhost Trick: Phantom Detective.

Branches and subsidiaries[edit]

Capcom Co., Ltd.'s head office building and R&D building are inChūō-ku,Osaka.[57]The parent company also has a branch office in theShinjuku Mitsui BuildinginNishi-Shinjuku,Shinjuku,Tokyo;[58]and the Ueno Facility, a branch office inIga,Mie Prefecture.[57]

The international Capcom Group encompasses 12 subsidiaries in Japan, rest of East Asia, North America, and Europe.[57][45]

Game-related media[edit]

In addition to home, online, mobile, arcade,pachinko,andpachislotgames, Capcom publishesstrategy guides;[6]maintains its ownPlaza Capcomarcade centersin Japan; and licenses its franchise and character properties for tie-in products, movies, television series, and stage performances.[11]

Suleputer,an in-house marketing and music label established in cooperation withSony Music Entertainment Intermediain 1998, publishes CDs, DVDs, and other media based on Capcom's games.[59]Captivate (renamed from Gamers Day in 2008), an annual private media summit, is traditionally used for new game and business announcements.[60]

Technology[edit]

Game sales[edit]

Capcom's top 10 multi-million selling franchises
(as of March 31, 2024)[61]
Franchise First release Sales (m)
Resident Evil 1996 157.0
Monster Hunter 2004 100.0
Street Fighter 1987 54.0
Mega Man 1987 41.0
Devil May Cry 2001 31.0
Dead Rising 2006 16.0
Dragon's Dogma 2012 11.7
Ace Attorney 2001 11.0
Marvel vs. Capcom 1996 11.0
Onimusha 2001 8.6

Capcom started itsStreet Fighterfranchise in 1987. The series offighting gamesare among the most popular in their genre. Having sold over 50 million copies, it is one of Capcom's flagship franchises. The company also introduced itsMega Manseries in 1987, which has sold over 40 million copies.

The company released the first entry in itsResident Evilsurvival horror series in 1996, which become its most successful game series, selling over 150 million copies. After releasing the second entry in theResident Evilseries, Capcom began aResident Evilgame forPlayStation 2.As it was significantly different from the existing series' games, Capcom decided to spin it into its own series,Devil May Cry.The first three entries were exclusively for PlayStation 2; further entries were released for non-Sonyconsoles. The entire series has sold over 30 million copies. Capcom began itsMonster Hunterseries in 2004, which has sold over 100 million copies on a variety of consoles.

Capcom compiles a "Platinum Titles" list, updated quarterly, of its games that have sold over one million copies. It contains over 100 video games. This table shows the top ten titles, by sold copies, as of December 31, 2023.[62]

Title Release date Platform(s) considered Sales (m)
Monster Hunter: World January 2018 PlayStation 4,Xbox One,PC 20.10[a]
Monster Hunter Rise March 2021 Nintendo Switch,PlayStation 4,PlayStation 5,Xbox One,Xbox Series X/S,PC 14.70
Resident Evil 2 January 2019 PlayStation 4,PlayStation 5,Xbox One,Xbox Series X/S,Nintendo Switch,PC 13.90
Resident Evil 7: Biohazard January 2017 PlayStation 4,PlayStation 5,Xbox One,Xbox Series X/S,Nintendo Switch,PC 13.30
Monster Hunter World: Iceborne September 2019 PlayStation 4,Xbox One,PC 12.60
Resident Evil Village May 2021 PlayStation 4,PlayStation 5,Xbox One,Xbox Series X/S,Nintendo Switch,PC 9.80
Resident Evil 5 March 2009 PlayStation 3,Xbox 360 9.10
Resident Evil 6 October 2012 PlayStation 3,Xbox 360 9.10
Resident Evil 3 April 2020 PlayStation 4,PlayStation 5,Xbox One,Xbox Series X/S,Nintendo Switch,PC 8.70
Devil May Cry 5 March 2019 PlayStation 4,Xbox One,PC 8.10
  1. ^Unit sales including Monster Hunter World: Iceborne Master Edition: 25.30 million units.

See also[edit]

Articles[edit]

Companies founded by ex-Capcom employees[edit]

Name Foundation Affiliation
Arika November 1, 1995 Founded byAkira Nishitani
Crafts & Meister June 1, 2004 Founded byNoritaka FunamizuandKatsuhiro Sudo
Dimps March 6, 2000 Founded byTakashi Nishiyamaand Hiroshi Matsumoto
Game Republic July 1, 2003 Founded byYoshiki Okamoto
Inti Creates May 8, 1996 Founded by Takuya Aizu
Level-5 Comcept December 1, 2010 Founded byKeiji Inafuneas Comcept
PlatinumGames October 1, 2007 Founded byShinji Mikami,Atsushi Inaba,Hideki Kamiya,and Tatsuya Minami
Tango Gameworks March 1, 2010 Founded byShinji Mikami
UTV Ignition Games September 26, 2001 Sawaki TakeyasujoinedIgnition Tokyo,a subsidiary of UTV Ignition Games

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External links[edit]